{"id":41630,"date":"2026-06-11T10:31:39","date_gmt":"2026-06-11T03:31:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=41630"},"modified":"2026-06-11T10:36:58","modified_gmt":"2026-06-11T03:36:58","slug":"cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn To\u00e0n T\u1eadp C\u00e1ch D\u00f9ng L\u1ec7nh Help Trong Linux T\u1eeb C\u01a1 B\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ebfn N\u00e2ng Cao"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Lenh-help-trong-Linux-la-gi\" >L\u1ec7nh help trong Linux l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#3-tuy-chon-pho-bien-cua-lenh-help\" >3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh help<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Quy-trinh-su-dung-lenh-help-trong-Linux\" >Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh help trong Linux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#3-vi-du-thuc-tien-khi-chay-lenh-help\" >3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n khi ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh help<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Cac-ky-thuat-su-dung-lenh-help-nang-cao\" >C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh help n\u00e2ng cao<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Loc-cac-lenh-theo-ky-tu-bat-dau\" >L\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh theo k\u00fd t\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Sang-loc-lenh-theo-bieu-thuc-mau-Pattern\" >S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc l\u1ec7nh theo bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c m\u1eabu (Pattern)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dung-lenh-help-trong-linux\/#Phan-biet-Lenh-noi-bo-Built-in-va-Lenh-ngoai-External\" >Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t L\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (Built-in) v\u00e0 L\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i (External)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean qu\u00ean c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean Google, b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tra c\u1ee9u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ngay tr\u00ean Terminal nh\u1edd v\u00e0o l\u1ec7nh\u00a0<code>help<\/code>. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 h\u01a1n tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Linux.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-41634\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Huong-Dan-Cach-Dung-Lenh-Help-Trong-Linux.png\" alt=\"H\u01b0\u1edbng D\u1eabn C\u00e1ch D\u00f9ng L\u1ec7nh Help Trong Linux\" width=\"810\" height=\"540\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Huong-Dan-Cach-Dung-Lenh-Help-Trong-Linux.png 810w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Huong-Dan-Cach-Dung-Lenh-Help-Trong-Linux-300x200.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Huong-Dan-Cach-Dung-Lenh-Help-Trong-Linux-768x512.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 810px) 100vw, 810px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lenh-help-trong-Linux-la-gi\"><\/span>L\u1ec7nh help trong Linux l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><code>help\u00a0<\/code>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ti\u1ec7n \u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n (built-in command) ngay trong l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> Linux. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 l\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ra m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u1ee9u c\u00e1nh&#8221; tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n tra c\u1ee9u nhanh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc qua to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00fa ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><code>help [options] [pattern]<\/code><\/p>\n<p>Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tham-so-parameter-la-gi\/\">Tham s\u1ed1<\/a><code> [options]<\/code><\/strong>:\u00a0C\u00e1c c\u1edd (flag) d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh\u00a0help.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tham s\u1ed1 <code>[pattern]<\/code><\/strong>:\u00a0T\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111ang c\u1ea7n tra c\u1ee9u th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-tuy-chon-pho-bien-cua-lenh-help\"><\/span>3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh help<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng sau:<\/p>\n<p>T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn (Options):<\/p>\n<p><code>-d<\/code>: Cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh.<br \/>\n<code>-m<\/code>: Xu\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng tin theo \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac chu\u1ea9n, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng (manpage gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp).<br \/>\n<code>-s<\/code>: L\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, ch\u1ec9 in ra m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh (c\u00fa ph\u00e1p) ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn nh\u1ea5t.\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"highlight-cta-box\"><span style=\"color: #ed1c24; font-size: 130%;\"><strong>Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh Linux tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-la-gi\/\">VPS<\/a> hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao c\u00f9ng InterData<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\nMu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc Linux b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf? <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cloud-vps-la-gi\/\">Cloud VPS<\/a> InterData trang b\u1ecb <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-server\/\">CPU<\/a> th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ram-server\/\">RAM<\/a> t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u00e0 SSD NVMe gi\u00fap thao t\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0, ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh 24\/7.<br \/>\nKh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o VPS ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p ngay h\u00f4m nay.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\" class=\"button primary is-primary is-medium\"  >\n\t\t<span>Tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i Cloud VPS t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy-trinh-su-dung-lenh-help-trong-Linux\"><\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh help trong Linux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a\u00a0help\u00a0theo sau l\u00e0 t\u00ean c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n xem t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\u00a0pwd, h\u00e3y g\u00f5 d\u00f2ng m\u00e3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0o Terminal v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n ph\u00edm <strong>ENTER<\/strong>:<\/p>\n<p><code>help pwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb:\u00a0Sau khi th\u1ef1c thi, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1\u00a0pwd, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u1ec7nh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li>Danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c c\u1edd t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn\u00a0[options]\u00a0\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/doi-so-argument-la-gi\/\">\u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1<\/a> b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (arg_name) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c (\u0111\u1eb7t trong ngo\u1eb7c vu\u00f4ng\u00a0[arg_name]).<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n t\u00f3m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea chi ti\u1ebft ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e3 tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i k\u1ebft th\u00fac (exit status) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t sinh l\u1ed7i hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u00f4ng tin ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi l\u1ec7nh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-vi-du-thuc-tien-khi-chay-lenh-help\"><\/span>3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n khi ch\u1ea1y l\u1ec7nh help<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 1: Truy xu\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i (M\u00f4 t\u1ea3 ng\u1eafn)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1edd\u00a0-d. C\u00fa ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<p><code>help -d pwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p><em>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1<\/em>:\u00a0C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 prompt s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t ra \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 2: Truy xu\u1ea5t c\u00fa ph\u00e1p g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0ng qu\u00ean c\u00e1ch gh\u00e9p c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1, t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn\u00a0-s\u00a0s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n. Ch\u1ea1y d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n<p><code>help -s pwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p><em>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1<\/em>:\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecf qua ph\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh\u00a0pwd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 3: \u0110\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng trang h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn (Manpage format)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, d\u1ec5 nh\u00ecn, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn\u00a0-m:<\/p>\n<p><code>help -m pwd<\/code><\/p>\n<p><em>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1<\/em>:\u00a0\u0110\u1ea7u ra s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trang t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn (manpage), gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n<div class=\"highlight-cta-box\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ed1c24; font-size: 130%;\">Tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n Linux d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u1edbi Cloud VPS InterData<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\nT\u1eeb <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/node-js-la-gi\/\">Node.js<\/a>, Python, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/docker-la-gi\/\">Docker<\/a> \u0111\u1ebfn <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/kubernetes-la-gi\/\">Kubernetes<\/a>, VPS InterData mang \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean theo th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 backup \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an to\u00e0n.<br \/>\nTham kh\u1ea3o ngay c\u00e1c g\u00f3i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-linux-la-gi\/\">VPS Linux<\/a> InterData \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/vps-linux\/\" class=\"button primary is-primary is-medium\"  >\n\t\t<span>Tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1c g\u00f3i VPS Linux<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-ky-thuat-su-dung-lenh-help-nang-cao\"><\/span>C\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ec7nh help n\u00e2ng cao<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loc-cac-lenh-theo-ky-tu-bat-dau\"><\/span>L\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh theo k\u00fd t\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n (*), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng li\u1ec7t k\u00ea to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef c\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng manpage. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef &#8220;h&#8221;, b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<p><code>help -m h*<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong>:\u00a0Terminal s\u1ebd r\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u00f3 ch\u1eef &#8220;h&#8221; \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm b\u1eaft ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.\u00a0(L\u01b0u \u00fd: Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, d\u00f9 giao di\u1ec7n m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ee5p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n danh s\u00e1ch).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sang-loc-lenh-theo-bieu-thuc-mau-Pattern\"><\/span>S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc l\u1ec7nh theo bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c m\u1eabu (Pattern)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 thu h\u1eb9p ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm theo m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m k\u00fd t\u1ef1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu (pattern) v\u00e0o c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5m &#8220;ha&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;he&#8221;:<\/p>\n<p><code>help -d 'h[ae]*'<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong>:\u00a0Sau khi nh\u1ea5n Enter, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111\u00fang quy t\u1eafc m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp (&#8220;ha&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;he&#8221;).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan-biet-Lenh-noi-bo-Built-in-va-Lenh-ngoai-External\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t L\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (Built-in) v\u00e0 L\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i (External)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux chia c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m: l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong Shell (built-in) v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh th\u1ef1c thi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i (external). Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch\u00a0help\u00a0ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tra c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 cho m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m ch\u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tra c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5\u00a0ls\u00a0(\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i):<\/p>\n<p><code>help ls<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong>:\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i do\u00a0help\u00a0kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch tra c\u1ee9u l\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i:\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c external command nh\u01b0\u00a0ls, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 xem h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u00e0\u00a0man\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0info. V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/p>\n<p><code>man ls<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong>:\u00a0C\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Terminal s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u to\u00e0n t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a l\u1ec7nh\u00a0ls, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd m\u1ecdi t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1ch x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh:\u00a0\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 hay b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ec7n \u00edch\u00a0which:<\/p>\n<p><code>which help<\/code><br \/>\n<code>which ls<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/strong>:\u00a0Ti\u1ec7n \u00edch\u00a0which\u00a0s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng in ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ec7nh\u00a0help\u00a0(ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh built-in). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a\u00a0ls\u00a0(ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh external).<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9:\u00a0N\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n xem danh s\u00e1ch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong Shell, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y chu\u1ed7i l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n<p><code>compgen -b | column<\/code><\/p>\n<p>L\u1ec7nh\u00a0help\u00a0x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n&#8221; thu nh\u1ecf, g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux<\/a> c\u0169ng n\u00ean th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o. Th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n (-d,\u00a0-s,\u00a0-m), k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1ec7nh n\u00e2ng cao b\u1eb1ng bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c m\u1eabu, cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ranh gi\u1edbi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt gi\u1eefa l\u1ec7nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 (built-in) v\u00e0 l\u1ec7nh ngo\u00e0i (external).<\/p>\n<p>Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">internet<\/a>, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eadp th\u00f3i quen tra c\u1ee9u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean Terminal b\u1eb1ng help v\u00e0 man s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao t\u01b0 duy qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (command-line) m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p.\n<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"highlight-cta-box\"><span style=\"color: #ed1c24; font-size: 130%;\">Ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VPS Linux ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p? Nh\u1eadn t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed<\/span><br \/>\n\u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt InterData s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n 24\/7, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p VPS t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho Automation, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/website-la-gi\/\">Website<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-la-gi\/\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/a> v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c.<br \/>\nLi\u00ean h\u1ec7 InterData qua Hotline, Fanpage\u00a0 ho\u1eb7c Livechat InterData \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nhanh ch\u00f3ng ngay h\u00f4m nay.<\/p>\n<div><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/\" class=\"button primary is-primary is-medium\"  >\n\t\t<span>LI\u00caN H\u1ec6 T\u01af V\u1ea4N<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n <a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/interdata.com.vn\" class=\"button primary is-primary is-medium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n\t\t<span>T\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ngay qua Fanpage<\/span>\n\t<\/a>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Linux, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean qu\u00ean c\u00fa ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm r\u00f5 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t ra ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm tr\u00ean Google, b\u1ea1n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tra c\u1ee9u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ngay tr\u00ean Terminal<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":41633,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[161],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41630","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-huong-dan-chung"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41630","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41630"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41630\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41639,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41630\/revisions\/41639"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41630"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41630"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41630"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}