{"id":41548,"date":"2026-06-06T09:21:52","date_gmt":"2026-06-06T02:21:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=41548"},"modified":"2026-06-06T09:21:52","modified_gmt":"2026-06-06T02:21:52","slug":"bo-nho-dem-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"B\u1ed9 Nh\u1edb \u0110\u1ec7m L\u00e0 G\u00ec? Cache Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o V\u00e0 V\u00ec Sao Gi\u00fap H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng Nhanh H\u01a1n? (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#1-Bo-nho-dem-Cache-la-gi\" >1. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Dinh-nghia-bo-nho-dem\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Hieu-don-gian-ve-cache-qua-vi-du-doi-thuong\" >Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 cache qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-khac-gi-voi-luu-tru-du-lieu-thong-thuong\" >Cache kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#2-Bo-nho-dem-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\" >2. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Nguyen-ly-hoat-dong-co-ban-cua-Cache\" >Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Quy-trinh-xu-ly-khi-nguoi-dung-yeu-cau-du-lieu\" >Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-Hit-va-Cache-Miss-la-gi\" >Cache Hit v\u00e0 Cache Miss l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-Hit-Ratio-la-gi\" >Cache Hit Ratio l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#3-Vi-sao-bo-nho-dem-quan-trong-doi-voi-hieu-nang-he-thong\" >3. V\u00ec sao b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#4-Cac-loai-bo-nho-dem-pho-bien-hien-nay\" >4. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#CPU-Cache\" >CPU Cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Browser-Cache-Cache-trinh-duyet\" >Browser Cache (Cache tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Disk-Cache-Cache-o-dia\" >Disk Cache (Cache \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Application-Cache-Cache-ung-dung\" >Application Cache (Cache \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Database-Cache\" >Database Cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#CDN-Cache\" >CDN Cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#DNS-Cache\" >DNS Cache<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#5-Cache-L1-L2-L3-la-gi\" >5. Cache L1, L2, L3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#So-sanh-Cache-L1-L2-va-L3\" >So s\u00e1nh Cache L1, L2 v\u00e0 L3<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-CPU-anh-huong-the-nao-den-hieu-nang-thuc-te\" >Cache CPU \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#6-Bo-nho-dem-khac-gi-voi-RAM-va-o-cung\" >6. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi RAM v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#So-sanh-Cache-va-RAM\" >So s\u00e1nh Cache v\u00e0 RAM<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#So-sanh-Cache-va-SSDHDD\" >So s\u00e1nh Cache v\u00e0 SSD\/HDD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Bang-so-sanh-tong-quan-Cache-RAM-va-Storage\" >B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng quan: Cache, RAM v\u00e0 Storage<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Hieu-dung-moi-quan-he-giua-Cache-RAM-va-Storage\" >Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Cache, RAM v\u00e0 Storage<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#7-Uu-diem-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-bo-nho-dem\" >7. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Uu-diem\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Nhuoc-diem\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#8-Vi-du-thuc-te-ve-bo-nho-dem-trong-cuoc-song-va-cong-nghe\" >8. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#9-Cache-anh-huong-the-nao-den-website-VPS-va-may-chu\" >9. Cache \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn website, VPS v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-giup-website-tai-nhanh-hon-nhu-the-nao\" >Cache gi\u00fap website t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Vai-tro-cua-Cache-tren-VPS\" >Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Cache tr\u00ean VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-trong-Web-Server\" >Cache trong Web Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-trong-Database\" >Cache trong Database<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cache-giup-giam-chi-phi-ha-tang-ra-sao\" >Cache gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ra sao?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#10-Khi-nao-nen-xoa-Cache\" >10. Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean x\u00f3a Cache?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cac-truong-hop-nen-xoa-cache\" >C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-khong-nen-xoa-cache\" >Khi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cach-xoa-cache-tren-trinh-duyet\" >C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cach-xoa-cache-tren-website-WordPress\" >C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean website WordPress<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cach-xoa-cache-tren-VPS-va-may-chu-Linux\" >C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean VPS v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#11-Nhung-hieu-lam-pho-bien-ve-bo-nho-dem\" >11. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#12-Cach-toi-uu-cache-de-tang-hieu-nang-website-va-ung-dung\" >12. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cache \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng website v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#13-Co-nen-dung-VPS-de-trien-khai-he-thong-cache-hieu-qua\" >13. C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng VPS \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Khi-Shared-Hosting-gap-gioi-han-cache\" >Khi Shared Hosting g\u1eb7p gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cache<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Loi-ich-khi-trien-khai-Redis-Memcached-tren-VPS\" >L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi tri\u1ec3n khai Redis, Memcached tr\u00ean VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#Cac-yeu-cau-phan-cung-anh-huong-den-hieu-nang-cache\" >C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cache<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/#14-FAQ-%E2%80%93-Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-bo-nho-dem\" >14. FAQ \u2013 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/page-la-gi\/\">trang web<\/a> quen thu\u1ed9c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 hai l\u1ea1i nhanh h\u01a1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u? Hay t\u1ea1i sao chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00e0ng gigabyte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;cache&#8221;?<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bo-nho-dem-la-gi\/\"><strong>b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache)<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0\u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb &#8220;anh h\u00f9ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng&#8221;. T\u1eeb chi\u1ebfc <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-server\/\">CPU<\/a> trong m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a> (VPS) x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u l\u01b0\u1ee3t truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y \u2013 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn cache \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 t\u1eeb A &#8211; Z v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i cache ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Bo-nho-dem-Cache-la-gi\"><\/span>1. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache) l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh-nghia-bo-nho-dem\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y t\u00ednh,\u00a0<strong>b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache)<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a cache l\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhanh h\u01a1n thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh (th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n).<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-41551\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Bo-Nho-Dem-La-Gi-Cache-Hoat-Dong-The-Nao-Vi-Sao-Giup-He-Thong-Nhanh-Hon.jpg\" alt=\"B\u1ed9 Nh\u1edb \u0110\u1ec7m L\u00e0 G\u00ec, Cache Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o, V\u00ec Sao Gi\u00fap H\u1ec7 Th\u1ed1ng Nhanh H\u01a1n\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Bo-Nho-Dem-La-Gi-Cache-Hoat-Dong-The-Nao-Vi-Sao-Giup-He-Thong-Nhanh-Hon.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Bo-Nho-Dem-La-Gi-Cache-Hoat-Dong-The-Nao-Vi-Sao-Giup-He-Thong-Nhanh-Hon-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/Bo-Nho-Dem-La-Gi-Cache-Hoat-Dong-The-Nao-Vi-Sao-Giup-He-Thong-Nhanh-Hon-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu-don-gian-ve-cache-qua-vi-du-doi-thuong\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u1ec1 cache qua v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 v\u1ebb kh\u00f4 khan, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ghi ch\u00fa tr\u00ean b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c:<\/strong>\u00a0Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n c\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady, \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ee7 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf g\u00f3c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n ch\u00ednh), b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u00e9p s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 ra m\u1ed9t t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y nh\u1edb d\u00e1n ngay tr\u00ean b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c (\u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 cache).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Danh s\u00e1ch li\u00ean h\u1ec7 y\u00eau th\u00edch tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i:<\/strong>\u00a0Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9n qua danh b\u1ea1 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c g\u00f5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00ean, b\u1ea1n th\u00eam nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi hay li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c &#8220;Y\u00eau th\u00edch&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi nhanh ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea1m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n thay v\u00ec kho ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ed3:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o hay m\u1eb7c nh\u1ea5t \u1edf ng\u0103n ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u1ee7, c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng trang ph\u1ee5c m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh \u00edt d\u00f9ng th\u00ec c\u1ea5t s\u00e2u trong kho. Ng\u0103n t\u1ee7 ngo\u00e0i ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 cache.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-khac-gi-voi-luu-tru-du-lieu-thong-thuong\"><\/span>Cache kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u1eb1m \u1edf\u00a0<strong>t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0<strong>t\u00ednh t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD\/HDD, Database):<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c, l\u00e2u d\u00e0i, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng ho\u1eb7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi. Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a cache nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eaft ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n (expired), cache c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a \u0111i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Bo-nho-dem-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\"><\/span>2. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen-ly-hoat-dong-co-ban-cua-Cache\"><\/span>Nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, khi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111i th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a hay c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Database) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ngay. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd gh\u00e9 qua b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy-trinh-xu-ly-khi-nguoi-dung-yeu-cau-du-lieu\"><\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sau:<\/p>\n<pre><code>[ Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ]\r\n             \u2502\r\n             \u25bc\r\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n\u2502    Ki\u1ec3m tra trong Cache    \u2502\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n               \u2502\r\n       \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2534\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n       \u25bc               \u25bc\r\n  [<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cache-hit-va-cache-miss-la-gi\/\">Cache Hit<\/a>]     [Cache Miss]\r\n   C\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u      Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u\r\n       \u2502               \u2502\r\n       \u2502               \u25bc\r\n       \u2502      \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n       \u2502      \u2502  L\u1ea5y t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n   \u2502\r\n       \u2502      \u2502   d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c   \u2502\r\n       \u2502      \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n       \u2502               \u2502\r\n       \u2502               \u25bc\r\n       \u2502      \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n       \u2502      \u2502 Ghi l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o     \u2502\r\n       \u2502      \u2502 Cache \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng   \u2502\r\n       \u2502      \u2502 cho l\u1ea7n sau     \u2502\r\n       \u2502      \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n       \u2502               \u2502\r\n       \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n               \u25bc\r\n[ Tr\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ]\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra cache:<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u1ebfu c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Cache Hit):<\/strong>\u00a0Tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Cache Miss):<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c (\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, database ho\u1eb7c server g\u1ed1c).<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o cache:<\/strong>\u00a0Sau khi l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd tr\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u01b0u m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao v\u00e0o cache \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho l\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp theo.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-Hit-va-Cache-Miss-la-gi\"><\/span>Cache Hit v\u00e0 Cache Miss l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cache Hit (Truy xu\u1ea5t cache th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng):<\/strong>\u00a0X\u1ea3y ra khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y s\u1eb5n trong cache. Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u00fac n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache Miss (Truy xu\u1ea5t cache th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i):<\/strong>\u00a0X\u1ea3y ra khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 trong cache ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/\">truy v\u1ea5n<\/a> t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-Hit-Ratio-la-gi\"><\/span>Cache Hit Ratio l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Cache Hit Ratio (T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00fang cache)<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n truy xu\u1ea5t cache th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Cache Hit Ratio (%) = (Cache Hits \/ (Cache Hits + Cache Misses)) \u00d7 100<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u00dd ngh\u0129a th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y c\u00e0ng g\u1ea7n 100% ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i \u00e1p l\u1ef1c cho ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ph\u00eda sau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Vi-sao-bo-nho-dem-quan-trong-doi-voi-hieu-nang-he-thong\"><\/span>3. V\u00ec sao b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00edch h\u1ee3p cache. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m th\u1eddi gian truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>\u00a0Cache n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng h\u01a1n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng\/ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ef1c nhanh, gi\u00fap r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho CPU, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ram-server\/\">RAM<\/a> v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng:<\/strong>\u00a0Thay v\u00ec b\u1eaft CPU ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng HDD\/SSD ph\u1ea3i quay v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n l\u1ea5y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong cache.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/website-la-gi\/\">website<\/a>:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c trang web t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 h\u01a1n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1eadt lag hay xoay v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/latency-la-gi\/\">Latency<\/a>):<\/strong>\u00a0Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb l\u00fac g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00fat ng\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng mili-gi\u00e2y ho\u1eb7c micro-gi\u00e2y).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3t truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi (traffic l\u1edbn) h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ux-la-gi\/\">tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng<\/a> (UX):<\/strong>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng lu\u00f4n th\u00edch nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nhanh v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang nhanh gi\u1eef ch\u00e2n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u00e0 gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp n\u00e2ng cao t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-Cac-loai-bo-nho-dem-pho-bien-hien-nay\"><\/span>4. C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CPU-Cache\"><\/span>CPU Cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CPU Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 si\u00eau nhanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean chip vi x\u1eed l\u00fd (CPU).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap CPU l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u1eed l\u00fd, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i khi ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM (v\u1ed1n ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n CPU r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u).<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/strong>\u00a0Khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong Excel, CPU s\u1ebd l\u01b0u c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trung gian v\u00e0o CPU cache \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd ti\u1ebfp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ghi xu\u1ed1ng RAM.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Browser-Cache-Cache-trinh-duyet\"><\/span>Browser Cache (Cache tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Browser Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m n\u1eb1m ngay tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i) do c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 Chrome, Safari, Edge qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nh\u1eefng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u trong Browser Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c file t\u0129nh \u00edt khi thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a website nh\u01b0 file \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng giao di\u1ec7n (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/css-la-gi\/\">CSS<\/a>), file k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u00e0nh vi (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/javascript-la-gi\/\">JavaScript<\/a>), h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh (logo, banner), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 font ch\u1eef.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i website:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t trang web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t 3 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n. T\u1eeb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 Browser Cache gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c file t\u0129nh n\u00e0y, trang web s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c trong ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y 1 gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Disk-Cache-Cache-o-dia\"><\/span>Disk Cache (Cache \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Disk Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 RAM chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c do <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSD Cache v\u00e0 HDD Cache kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>HDD Cache (Buffer):<\/em>\u00a0Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb 64MB &#8211; 256MB), d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a t\u1ea1m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ghi l\u00ean c\u00e1c phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u0129a t\u1eeb quay ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n<li><em>SSD Cache:<\/em>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c chip nh\u1edb flash t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n (nh\u01b0 SLC Cache) ho\u1eb7c RAM \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ghi xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chip nh\u1edb TLC\/QLC c\u1ee7a SSD, gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ghi \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Application-Cache-Cache-ung-dung\"><\/span>Application Cache (Cache \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cache \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi do ch\u00ednh <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/source-code-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/a> c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wordpress-la-gi\/\">WordPress<\/a>:<\/em>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/plugin-la-gi\/\">plugin<\/a> nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/litespeed-la-gi\/\">LiteSpeed<\/a> Cache, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-rocket-la-gi\/\">WP Rocket<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1eb5n c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/html-la-gi\/\">HTML<\/a> t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp l\u00e0 WordPress l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/php-la-gi\/\">PHP<\/a> v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n database.<\/li>\n<li><em><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/laravel-la-gi\/\">Laravel<\/a> \/ <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/node-js-la-gi\/\">Node.js<\/a>:<\/em>\u00a0L\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (config), c\u00e1c route ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u JSON \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c cho c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Database-Cache\"><\/span>Database Cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Database Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean RAM) \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cache:<\/strong>\u00a0K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, danh s\u00e1ch danh m\u1ee5c, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, th\u00f4ng tin phi\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vai tr\u00f2 trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh (nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mysql-la-gi\/\">MySQL<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/postgresql-la-gi\/\">PostgreSQL<\/a>) kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i hay s\u1eadp ngu\u1ed3n khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m tr\u00ean trang th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"CDN-Cache\"><\/span>CDN Cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CDN Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0CDN (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cdn-la-gi\/\">Content Delivery Network<\/a>) l\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 proxy ph\u00e2n b\u1ed1 \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. CDN Cache l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a website t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chi nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch CDN Cache gi\u00fap website t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n:<\/strong>\u00a0N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam truy c\u1eadp s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn do kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd. Khi c\u00f3 CDN Cache \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam (ho\u1eb7c \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1), ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i \u1ea3nh, CSS tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n h\u1ecd nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 CDN c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cloudflare-la-gi\/\">Cloudflare<\/a>. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp \u1ea3nh\u00a0<code>logo.png<\/code>, Cloudflare s\u1ebd l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao \u1edf m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i TP.HCM. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y ngay t\u1eeb TP.HCM thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u sang t\u1eadn M\u1ef9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DNS-Cache\"><\/span>DNS Cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dns-la-gi\/\">DNS<\/a> Cache l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a> c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/domain-la-gi\/\">t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n<\/a> m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng truy c\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (Windows, macOS) ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DNS c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng (ISP).<\/li>\n<li><strong>V\u00ec sao DNS Cache gi\u00fap truy c\u1eadp website nhanh h\u01a1n?<\/strong>\u00a0M\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u ch\u1eef\u00a0<code>google.com<\/code>\u00a0m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c con s\u1ed1 IP nh\u01b0\u00a0<code>142.250.190.46<\/code>. Nh\u1edd DNS Cache, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft ngay IP c\u1ee7a trang web b\u1ea1n v\u1eeba v\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh h\u1ecfi-\u0111\u00e1p ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p qua c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/name-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n<\/a> tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-Cache-L1-L2-L3-la-gi\"><\/span>5. Cache L1, L2, L3 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a CPU (nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/intel-core-la-gi\/\">Intel Core<\/a> hay AMD Ryzen), b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m L1, L2, L3. Ch\u1eef &#8220;L&#8221; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a\u00a0<strong>Level (C\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<pre><code>\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n\u2502                 CPU Core                \u2502\r\n\u2502  \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510  \u2502\r\n\u2502  \u2502             L1 Cache              \u2502  \u2502 (Nhanh nh\u1ea5t, nh\u1ecf nh\u1ea5t, n\u1eb1m s\u00e1t nh\u00e2n)\r\n\u2502  \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518  \u2502\r\n\u2502                    \u25bc                    \u2502\r\n\u2502  \u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510  \u2502\r\n\u2502  \u2502             L2 Cache              \u2502  \u2502 (Nhanh v\u1eeba, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba)\r\n\u2502  \u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518  \u2502\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u253c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n                     \u25bc\r\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n\u2502             L3 Cache (Shared)           \u2502 (Ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t trong 3 lo\u1ea1i, l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t, chia s\u1ebb chung)\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u252c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n                     \u25bc\r\n\u250c\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2510\r\n\u2502                    RAM                  \u2502 (B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng)\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2518\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Cache L1 (Level 1):<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m s\u01a1 c\u1ea5p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t trong t\u1eebng nh\u00e2n (core) c\u1ee7a CPU. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nhanh (b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00fang t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a CPU) nh\u01b0ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 32KB \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m KB.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache L2 (Level 2):<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m th\u1ee9 c\u1ea5p, c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n L1 (th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eeb v\u00e0i tr\u0103m KB \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i MB) nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n L1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. Th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed7i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/nhan-cpu-la-gi\/\">nh\u00e2n CPU<\/a> c\u0169ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb L2 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache L3 (Level 3):<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u1ea5p ba, c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t (t\u1eeb v\u00e0i MB \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m MB tr\u00ean c\u00e1c CPU cao c\u1ea5p) nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ea1i ch\u1eadm nh\u1ea5t trong ba c\u1ea5p (tuy v\u1eady v\u1eabn nhanh h\u01a1n RAM r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u). L3 Cache \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb chung cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a CPU s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-Cache-L1-L2-va-L3\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh Cache L1, L2 v\u00e0 L3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Cache L1<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Cache L2<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">Cache L3<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Si\u00eau nhanh (G\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u1ea5t nhanh (Ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n L1 t\u1eeb 2-3 l\u1ea7n)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Nhanh (Ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n L1, L2 nh\u01b0ng nhanh h\u01a1n RAM)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf (32KB &#8211; 128KB m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Nh\u1ecf (512KB &#8211; 2MB m\u1ed7i nh\u00e2n)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">L\u1edbn (4MB &#8211; 64MB+ d\u00f9ng chung)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">N\u1eb1m s\u00e1t b\u00ean trong nh\u00e2n CPU<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean chip, ngay c\u1ea1nh nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">N\u1eb1m tr\u00ean chip nh\u01b0ng n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">L\u01b0u l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u0110\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho L1 khi L1 b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Chia s\u1ebb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u chung gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n CPU<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-CPU-anh-huong-the-nao-den-hieu-nang-thuc-te\"><\/span>Cache CPU \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1i game, render video 3D, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/compiler-trinh-bien-dich-la-gi\/\">bi\u00ean d\u1ecbch<\/a> m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/big-data-la-gi\/\">d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn<\/a>, CPU li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ea7n truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n th\u00f4ng tin. N\u1ebfu dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng L3 Cache l\u1edbn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/chip-amd-la-gi\/\">chip AMD<\/a> 3D V-Cache), CPU s\u1ebd t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i &#8220;ch\u1ea1y&#8221; ra b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap khung h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean gi\u00e2y (FPS) khi ch\u01a1i game \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c pha gi\u1eadt lag b\u1ea5t th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-Bo-nho-dem-khac-gi-voi-RAM-va-o-cung\"><\/span>6. B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi RAM v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u1ea3 ba \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa\u00a0<strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong>\u00a0v\u00e0\u00a0<strong>Chi ph\u00ed<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-Cache-va-RAM\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh Cache v\u00e0 RAM<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>RAM (Random Access Memory) l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y. Cache ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh h\u01a1n RAM g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i megabyte.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-Cache-va-SSDHDD\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh Cache v\u00e0 SSD\/HDD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>SSD\/HDD (Storage) l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t \u0111i khi t\u1eaft m\u00e1y (Non-volatile). Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Cache (tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 lo\u1ea1i l\u01b0u tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a) s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch khi m\u1ea5t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (Volatile).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bang-so-sanh-tong-quan-Cache-RAM-va-Storage\"><\/span>B\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh t\u1ed5ng quan: Cache, RAM v\u00e0 Storage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th align=\"left\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache)<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">RAM (Memory)<\/th>\n<th align=\"left\">SSD\/HDD (Storage)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">C\u1ef1c nhanh (H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m GB\/s \u0111\u1ebfn TB\/s)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Nhanh (H\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c GB\/s)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Trung b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm (V\u00e0i tr\u0103m MB\/s \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i GB\/s)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf (V\u00e0i KB \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i tr\u0103m MB)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">Trung b\u00ecnh (8GB &#8211; 64GB &#8211; 128GB+)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (256GB &#8211; h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c TB)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">C\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u0110\u1eaft v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">R\u1ebb v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u chi ph\u00ed<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>T\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (M\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">T\u1ea1m th\u1eddi (M\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n)<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">V\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n (Gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u khi t\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td align=\"left\"><strong>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">\u0110\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho CPU\/\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ee9c th\u00ec<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y<\/td>\n<td align=\"left\">L\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, file c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu-dung-moi-quan-he-giua-Cache-RAM-va-Storage\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Cache, RAM v\u00e0 Storage<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>\u1ed4 c\u1ee9ng (Storage)<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 c\u00e1i kho ch\u1ee9a h\u00e0ng kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u1edf xa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>RAM<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb kho v\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache<\/strong>\u00a0ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 khay \u0111\u1ef1ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7t ngay c\u1ea1nh t\u1ea7m tay c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 (CPU). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 \u1edf khay tr\u01b0\u1edbc (Cache), n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1edbi t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn xe \u0111\u1ea9y (RAM) v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng m\u1edbi \u0111i b\u1ed9 ra t\u1eadn kho (Storage).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-Uu-diem-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-bo-nho-dem\"><\/span>7. \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i \u00edch to l\u1edbn, cache kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ec v\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu-diem\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u0103ng t\u1ed1c x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ea3m \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi CDN hay Browser Cache, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch xa \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ecdi thao t\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1edbt web, m\u1edf app \u0111\u1ec1u m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i v\u00f4 \u00edch.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc-diem\"><\/span>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169 (Stale Cache):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng cache ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c giao di\u1ec7n l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean l\u01b0u tr\u1eef:<\/strong>\u00a0Cache tr\u00ean RAM ho\u1eb7c SSD s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00f4i khi g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ea7y b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p h\u1ee3p l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>\u00a0Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb chung m\u1ed9t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t (Cache Coherency) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 h\u00f3c b\u00faa.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c xung \u0111\u1ed9t:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u00f4i khi cache c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169 xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi code m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a website khi\u1ebfn trang web b\u1ecb v\u1ee1 giao di\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-Vi-du-thuc-te-ve-bo-nho-dem-trong-cuoc-song-va-cong-nghe\"><\/span>8. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Khi m\u1edf l\u1ea1i website quen thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang b\u00e1o m\u1ea1ng y\u00eau th\u00edch, logo trang b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nh\u1edd \u1ea3nh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u01b0u \u1edf \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng (Browser Cache).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi xem video tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn (YouTube, Netflix):<\/strong>\u00a0Khi b\u1ea1n b\u1ea5m t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng video, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y thanh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i m\u00e0u x\u00e1m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ea1y tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 video \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cache \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n xem li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (Facebook, TikTok):<\/strong>\u00a0Khi b\u1ea1n vu\u1ed1t b\u1ea3ng tin (feed), c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 video ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m l\u01b0\u1edbt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eebng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi ch\u01a1i game online:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 (map) ho\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i trang nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n v\u00e0o RAM v\u00e0 VRAM (Video Cache) t\u1eeb \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ec3 trong l\u00fac ch\u01a1i game kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi truy c\u1eadp website th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed:<\/strong>\u00a0Danh m\u1ee5c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t trong ng\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u trong <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/redis-la-gi\/\">Redis<\/a> Cache. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi click v\u00e0o xem s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f9ng l\u00fac m\u00e0 server web v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm hay qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng AI v\u00e0 chatbot:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u1eabu c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng AI l\u01b0u v\u00e0o cache \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/llm-la-gi\/\">m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef l\u1edbn<\/a> (LLM) \u0111\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9-Cache-anh-huong-the-nao-den-website-VPS-va-may-chu\"><\/span>9. Cache \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn website, VPS v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (System Admin), <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-la-gi\/\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/a> vi\u00ean (Developer) hay ch\u1ee7 website, cache l\u00e0 ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-giup-website-tai-nhanh-hon-nhu-the-nao\"><\/span>Cache gi\u00fap website t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-dong-la-gi\/\">website \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/a> (nh\u01b0 WordPress, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/joomla-la-gi\/\">Joomla<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/magento-la-gi\/\">Magento<\/a>), m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n PHP \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi database MySQL, truy v\u1ea5n b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, gh\u00e9p n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra file HTML ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh g\u1eedi v\u1ec1 cho tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian. Nh\u1edd cache (Page Cache), m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t, xu\u1ea5t ra file HTML t\u0129nh v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3t truy c\u1eadp ti\u1ebfp theo s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn ngay file HTML t\u0129nh n\u00e0y, b\u1ecf qua ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u1eed l\u00fd PHP v\u00e0 Database ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai-tro-cua-Cache-tren-VPS\"><\/span>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Cache tr\u00ean VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o VPS (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-la-gi\/\">Virtual Private Server<\/a>), t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (CPU, RAM, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/\">IOPS<\/a> c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng) lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 cache, khi website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 ch\u1ea1y chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o), VPS s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i &#8220;qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i&#8221; (High Load), d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01a1 m\u00e1y ho\u1eb7c s\u1eadp d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. Tri\u1ec3n khai cache \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch gi\u00fap VPS x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p 5 &#8211; 10 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-trong-Web-Server\"><\/span>Cache trong Web Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-server\/\">Web Server<\/a> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 cache m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/nginx-la-gi\/\">Nginx<\/a> Cache \/ FastCGI Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u00fap Nginx l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u00eda sau (nh\u01b0 PHP-FPM) v\u00e0o \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c RAM. Khi c\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi, Nginx t\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i PHP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Proxy Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0m trung gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-trong-Database\"><\/span>Cache trong Database<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u truy v\u1ea5n database l\u00e0 b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Redis:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u d\u1ea1ng key-value trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng l\u00e0m database cache, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd session ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1edd t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc ghi l\u00ean t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn request\/gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/memcached-la-gi\/\">Memcached<\/a>:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/open-source-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/a>, r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-application-la-gi\/\">\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web<\/a> \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cache-giup-giam-chi-phi-ha-tang-ra-sao\"><\/span>Cache gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m chi ph\u00ed h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ra sao?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra chi ph\u00ed l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u00ea c\u00e1c g\u00f3i VPS hay <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/server-vat-ly-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/a> c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u1ee7ng v\u1edbi dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 hay CPU nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i VPS c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u Redis, Nginx Cache v\u00e0 Cloudflare CDN h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn ch\u1ea1y nhanh m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i t\u1ed1t, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 nh\u1ecf m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10-Khi-nao-nen-xoa-Cache\"><\/span>10. Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean x\u00f3a Cache?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 cache gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-truong-hop-nen-xoa-cache\"><\/span>C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Website hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ea1n v\u1eeba thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ho\u1eb7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng ra ngo\u00e0i xem v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ea1n v\u1eeba s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i code giao di\u1ec7n (CSS, JS) nh\u01b0ng khi t\u1ea3i trang giao di\u1ec7n b\u1ecb m\u00e9o m\u00f3, l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c do tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng file CSS c\u0169.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i CSS ho\u1eb7c JavaScript:<\/strong>\u00a0X\u1ea3y ra hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat b\u1ea5m kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, slide \u1ea3nh b\u1ecb l\u1ed7i, menu kh\u00f4ng s\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n website.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp:<\/strong>\u00a0Tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t l\u01b0u gi\u1eef session cache c\u0169 khi\u1ebfn b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra ngo\u00e0i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Website ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong>\u00a0Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1 (nh\u01b0 Error 502, 504) sau khi b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u00ean VPS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-khong-nen-xoa-cache\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao (peak hours). Vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch cache (Cache Flush\/Clear) l\u00fac n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u00e9p h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb database. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng\u00a0<strong>Cache Stampede<\/strong>\u00a0(h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed5 d\u1ed3n v\u00e0o database m\u1ed9t l\u00fac), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y s\u1eadp h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-xoa-cache-tren-trinh-duyet\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00f3a nhanh cache c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trang web c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c trang kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Windows (Chrome\/Firefox\/Edge):<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ph\u00edm\u00a0<code>Ctrl<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>F5<\/code>\u00a0(ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef\u00a0<code>Ctrl<\/code>\u00a0v\u00e0 click v\u00e0o n\u00fat T\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i trang).<\/li>\n<li><strong>macOS (Safari\/Chrome):<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ph\u00edm\u00a0<code>Cmd<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>Shift<\/code>\u00a0+\u00a0<code>R<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110\u1ec3 x\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 cache l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: V\u00e0o m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t (<code>Ctrl + Shift + Delete<\/code>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<code>Cmd + Shift + Delete<\/code>) -&gt; Ch\u1ecdn\u00a0<strong>Cached images and files (T\u1ec7p v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec7m)<\/strong>\u00a0-&gt; Ch\u1ecdn\u00a0<strong>Clear data (X\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-xoa-cache-tren-website-WordPress\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean website WordPress<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c plugin t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>LiteSpeed Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0Tr\u00ean thanh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Admin ph\u00eda tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng, di chu\u1ed9t v\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng LiteSpeed (h\u00ecnh vi\u00ean kim c\u01b0\u01a1ng) -&gt; Ch\u1ecdn\u00a0<strong>Purge All (X\u00f3a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>WP Rocket:<\/strong>\u00a0V\u00e0o m\u1ee5c WP Rocket tr\u00ean thanh Admin -&gt; Ch\u1ecdn\u00a0<strong>Clear cache<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-xoa-cache-tren-VPS-va-may-chu-Linux\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch x\u00f3a cache tr\u00ean VPS v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Linux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dedicated-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ri\u00eang<\/a>, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00f3a cache qua <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cli-command-line-interface\/\">giao di\u1ec7n d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh<\/a> (CLI):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>X\u00f3a PageCache, Dentries v\u00e0 Inodes trong <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">Linux<\/a> Kernel:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">sync; echo 3 &gt; \/proc\/sys\/vm\/drop_caches\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00f3a Cache d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Redis:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">redis-cli flushall\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Nginx \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch cache t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi:<\/strong>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\">systemctl restart nginx\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"11-Nhung-hieu-lam-pho-bien-ve-bo-nho-dem\"><\/span>11. Nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>X\u00f3a cache s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nhanh h\u01a1n?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/em>\u00a0X\u00f3a cache ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi tr\u00ean \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. Nh\u01b0ng ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh hay \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y\u00a0<em>ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n<\/em>\u00a0\u1edf l\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00ec n\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i cache t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache khi g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/em>\u00a0Cache qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong cache m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian h\u01a1n, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng chung ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u RAM qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache v\u00e0 RAM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/em>\u00a0RAM l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb truy c\u1eadp ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, c\u00f2n cache l\u00e0 l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7m t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa RAM v\u00e0 CPU (ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 database). Ch\u00fang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eadt l\u00fd ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong CPU?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/em>\u00a0Nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y, cache c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i: tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ea1ng ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i dung (CDN)&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Website ch\u1eadm lu\u00f4n do cache?<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/em>\u00a0Cache ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c. N\u1ebfu code website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng, database kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 VPS qu\u00e1 y\u1ebfu, th\u00ec d\u00f9 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cache th\u1ebf n\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"12-Cach-toi-uu-cache-de-tang-hieu-nang-website-va-ung-dung\"><\/span>12. C\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cache \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng website v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Browser Cache hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3:<\/strong>\u00a0Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1\u00a0<code>Cache-Control<\/code>\u00a0h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh web server (Nginx\/Apache). \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u0129nh nh\u01b0 \u1ea3nh, h\u00e3y cho ph\u00e9p tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1 n\u0103m &#8211;\u00a0<code>max-age=31536000<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00edch ho\u1ea1t CDN Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0a c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh ra c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 CDN (nh\u01b0 Cloudflare, KeyCDN) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bang-thong-la-gi\/\">b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/a> cho VPS g\u1ed1c v\u00e0 r\u00fat ng\u1eafn kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai Redis Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Redis \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef session \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n MySQL n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean cho <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-quan-tri-co-so-du-lieu-la-gi\/\">h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/huong-dan-toi-uu-nginx\/\">T\u1ed1i \u01b0u Nginx<\/a> FastCGI Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean Nginx \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i c\u00e1c trang HTML t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a WordPress m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn PHP-FPM, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i l\u00ean g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1eddi gian Cache (TTL &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ttl-la-gi\/\">Time to Live<\/a>) h\u1ee3p l\u00fd:<\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li>V\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u00edt thay \u0111\u1ed5i (\u1ea3nh, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn): \u0110\u1eb7t TTL d\u00e0i (v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng).<\/li>\n<li>V\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c (trang tin t\u1ee9c, s\u1ed1 d\u01b0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n): \u0110\u1eb7t TTL ng\u1eafn (v\u00e0i ph\u00fat) ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00f3a cache t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ngay khi c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft\/d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi (Cache Invalidation).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li><strong>Theo d\u00f5i Cache Hit Ratio:<\/strong>\u00a0Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Redis ho\u1eb7c CDN c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 hit th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 50%), c\u1ea7n xem l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh xem b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111ang v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh b\u1ecf qua (bypass) cache \u1edf nh\u1eefng ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"13-Co-nen-dung-VPS-de-trien-khai-he-thong-cache-hieu-qua\"><\/span>13. C\u00f3 n\u00ean d\u00f9ng VPS \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-Shared-Hosting-gap-gioi-han-cache\"><\/span>Khi Shared Hosting g\u1eb7p gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u1edbn d\u1ea7n l\u00ean, c\u00e1c g\u00f3i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/shared-hosting\/\">Shared Hosting<\/a> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Do d\u00f9ng chung t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m website kh\u00e1c, nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p Hosting th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u00e2u v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 c\u00e0i th\u00eam Redis, Memcached hay can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh Nginx FastCGI Cache theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-ich-khi-trien-khai-Redis-Memcached-tren-VPS\"><\/span>L\u1ee3i \u00edch khi tri\u1ec3n khai Redis, Memcached tr\u00ean VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o VPS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/root-access-la-gi\/\">Root Access<\/a>). B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 do c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec7m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e2ng cao:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Redis l\u00e0m Object Cache cho WordPress gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ee9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng 0.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ef1 do c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Cache t\u00f9y theo nhu c\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-yeu-cau-phan-cung-anh-huong-den-hieu-nang-cache\"><\/span>C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cache<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Redis\/Memcached) ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean RAM, v\u00ec v\u1eady khi thu\u00ea VPS \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>CPU:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u1ea7n c\u00f3 xung nh\u1ecbp (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/toc-do-cpu\/\">Clock Speed<\/a>) cao \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li><strong>RAM:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec7m s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean RAM \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SSD:<\/strong>\u00a0N\u00ean ch\u1ecdn VPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 NVMe t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o n\u1ebfu cache c\u00f3 ghi xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng (Disk Cache) th\u00ec t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u1edf m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Network (B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 cache v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/application-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng<\/a> di\u1ec5n ra kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div>\n<div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #0A4FF6; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 24px 0; background: #F5F8FF; border-radius: 8px; color: #0a1a3a;\">C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Redis Cache, Memcached, Nginx Cache hay c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd. Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>thu\u00ea VPS<\/strong><\/a> hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao t\u1ea1i InterData v\u1edbi <strong>CPU th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>, <strong>SSD NVMe U.2<\/strong> t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, <strong>b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng<\/strong>, <strong>m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>chi ph\u00ed t\u1ed1i \u01b0u<\/strong> cho website, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"14-FAQ-%E2%80%93-Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-bo-nho-dem\"><\/span>14. FAQ \u2013 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m l\u00e0 RAM hay \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 RAM l\u1eabn \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i cache. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, CPU Cache l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean chip, Redis Cache ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean RAM, trong khi Browser Cache l\u1ea1i l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c file t\u0129nh d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng t\u1ec7p tin tr\u00ean \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng (SSD\/HDD) c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cache c\u00f3 l\u00e0m m\u00e1y t\u00ednh nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3, r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Cache gi\u00fap b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cache L3 l\u1edbn c\u00f3 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng nh\u01b0 ch\u01a1i game, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd file d\u1eef li\u1ec7u dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn. L3 Cache l\u1edbn gi\u00fap CPU <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/data-preprocessing-la-gi\/\">x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> nhanh h\u01a1n, h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ebdn c\u1ed5 chai (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bottleneck-la-gi\/\">bottleneck<\/a>) gi\u1eefa CPU v\u00e0 RAM.<\/p>\n<p><strong>X\u00f3a cache c\u00f3 m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. X\u00f3a cache ch\u1ec9 x\u00f3a \u0111i c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n sao d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, \u1ea3nh ch\u1ee5p, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft hay th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 website ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng do cookie\/session t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi b\u1ecb x\u00f3a \u0111i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Browser Cache l\u01b0u nh\u1eefng g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c file t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a trang web bao g\u1ed3m: h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, file \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng CSS, file m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh JavaScript, c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p font ch\u1eef v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh kh\u00e1c nh\u1eb1m t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang cho l\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp sau.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Redis c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00fang v\u1eady. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Redis c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, nh\u01b0ng vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean RAM (In-memory database cache).<\/p>\n<p><strong>CDN Cache ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>CDN l\u01b0u tr\u1eef b\u1ea3n sao c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-tinh-la-gi\/\">trang web t\u0129nh<\/a> tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n kh\u1eafp to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp, CDN s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cache v\u00e0 Cookie kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>Cache:<\/em>\u00a0D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean t\u0129nh (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, code) gi\u00fap website t\u1ea3i nhanh h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><em>Cookie:<\/em>\u00a0L\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea9u th\u00f4ng tin d\u1ea1ng v\u0103n b\u1ea3n r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (nh\u01b0 phi\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, gi\u1ecf h\u00e0ng) nh\u1eb1m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n h\u00f3a tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m web.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean x\u00f3a cache kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean x\u00f3a cache khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra l\u1ed7i hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u1ed9i dung m\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c khi b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea7y. Vi\u1ec7c x\u00f3a cache li\u00ean t\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ea1y ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed1n b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">internet<\/a> h\u01a1n do ph\u1ea3i t\u1ea3i l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Cache tr\u00ean VPS c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3 gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i cho CPU v\u00e0 RAM c\u1ee7a VPS, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp t\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi gi\u00fap c\u00e1c website ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean VPS \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang nhanh nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m\u00a0<strong>b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Cache)<\/strong>\u00a0c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a n\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t website v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cache b\u00e0i b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng VPS ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khi b\u1ea1n truy c\u1eadp m\u1ed9t trang web quen thu\u1ed9c, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i th\u1ee9 hai l\u1ea1i nhanh h\u01a1n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u? Hay t\u1ea1i sao chi\u1ebfc \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t sinh h\u00e0ng gigabyte d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;cache&#8221;? Trong<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":41551,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[162],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41548","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phan-cung"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41548","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41548"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41548\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41553,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41548\/revisions\/41553"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41551"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41548"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41548"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41548"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}