{"id":41535,"date":"2026-06-05T14:26:18","date_gmt":"2026-06-05T07:26:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=41535"},"modified":"2026-06-05T14:26:18","modified_gmt":"2026-06-05T07:26:18","slug":"iops-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"IOPS L\u00e0 G\u00ec? \u00dd Ngh\u0129a, C\u00e1ch \u0110o V\u00e0 T\u1ea7m Quan Tr\u1ecdng C\u1ee7a IOPS (2026)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-La-Gi\" >IOPS L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Dinh-nghia-IOPS-InputOutput-Operations-Per-Second\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a IOPS (Input\/Output Operations Per Second)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Vi-du-thuc-te-giup-de-hinh-dung-IOPS\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung IOPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-do-nhung-hoat-dong-nao\" >IOPS \u0111o nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Vi-Sao-IOPS-Quan-Trong-Trong-Hieu-Nang-Luu-Tru\" >V\u00ec Sao IOPS Quan Tr\u1ecdng Trong Hi\u1ec7u N\u0103ng L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Anh-huong-truc-tiep-toi-toc-do-phan-hoi-he-thong\" >\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-cao-giup-xu-ly-nhieu-yeu-cau-dong-thoi\" >IOPS cao gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-IOPS-tro-thanh-nut-that-co-chai\" >Khi n\u00e0o IOPS tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-Hoat-Dong-Nhu-The-Nao\" >IOPS Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Quy-trinh-doc-du-lieu\" >Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Quy-trinh-ghi-du-lieu\" >Quy tr\u00ecnh ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Vai-tro-cua-Queue-Depth-trong-IOPS\" >Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Queue Depth trong IOPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Random-IO-va-Sequential-IO\" >Random I\/O v\u00e0 Sequential I\/O<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Nhung-Yeu-To-Anh-Huong-Den-IOPS\" >Nh\u1eefng Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn IOPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Moi-Quan-He-Giua-IOPS-Throughput-Latency-Va-Response-Time\" >M\u1ed1i Quan H\u1ec7 Gi\u1eefa IOPS, Throughput, Latency V\u00e0 Response Time<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Throughput-la-gi\" >Throughput l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Latency-la-gi\" >Latency l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Response-Time-la-gi\" >Response Time l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#So-sanh-IOPS-va-Throughput\" >So s\u00e1nh IOPS v\u00e0 Throughput<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-cao-co-dong-nghia-o-cung-nhanh-hon-khong\" >IOPS cao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Vi-sao-Latency-thap-thuong-quan-trong-hon-IOPS-trong-thuc-te\" >V\u00ec sao Latency th\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n IOPS trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Bang-So-Sanh-IOPS-Cua-Cac-Loai-Thiet-Bi-Luu-Tru-2026\" >B\u1ea3ng So S\u00e1nh IOPS C\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef (2026)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-trung-binh-cua-HDD\" >IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a HDD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-trung-binh-cua-SATA-SSD\" >IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a SATA SSD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-trung-binh-cua-SAS-SSD\" >IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a SAS SSD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-trung-binh-cua-NVMe-SSD\" >IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a NVMe SSD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-cua-he-thong-luu-tru-doanh-nghiep\" >IOPS c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Cach-Do-Va-Danh-Gia-IOPS-Chinh-Xac\" >C\u00e1ch \u0110o V\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 IOPS Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Cac-cong-cu-benchmark-pho-bien\" >C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 benchmark ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Huong-dan-doc-ket-qua-benchmark\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 benchmark<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Nhung-sai-lam-khi-doc-benchmark\" >Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m khi \u0111\u1ecdc benchmark<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Benchmark-tong-hop-va-hieu-nang-thuc-te-khac-nhau-the-nao\" >Benchmark t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Ung-Dung-Thuc-Te-Cua-IOPS-Trong-VPS-Va-Ha-Tang-CNTT\" >\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf C\u1ee7a IOPS Trong VPS V\u00e0 H\u1ea1 T\u1ea7ng CNTT<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-Website-Hosting\" >IOPS v\u1edbi Website Hosting<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-Database\" >IOPS v\u1edbi Database<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-VPS\" >IOPS v\u1edbi VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-Virtualization\" >IOPS v\u1edbi Virtualization<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-38\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-Cloud-Computing\" >IOPS v\u1edbi Cloud Computing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-39\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#IOPS-voi-AI-Big-Data-va-Enterprise-Workloads\" >IOPS v\u1edbi AI, Big Data v\u00e0 Enterprise Workloads<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-40\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Nhung-Hieu-Lam-Pho-Bien-Ve-IOPS\" >Nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec3u L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn V\u1ec1 IOPS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-41\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#1-IOPS-cang-cao-cang-tot\" >1. IOPS c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-42\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#2-Chi-can-nhin-IOPS-la-danh-gia-duoc-SSD\" >2. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn IOPS l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SSD<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-43\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#3-SSD-nao-cung-co-IOPS-giong-nhau\" >3. SSD n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 IOPS gi\u1ed1ng nhau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-44\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#4-VPS-quang-cao-SSD-NVMe-chac-chan-nhanh\" >4. VPS qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o SSD NVMe ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nhanh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-45\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Cach-Chon-Luu-Tru-Theo-Nhu-Cau-IOPS\" >C\u00e1ch Ch\u1ecdn L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef Theo Nhu C\u1ea7u IOPS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-46\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Website-doanh-nghiep-nho-Gioi-thieu-Tin-tuc\" >Website doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf (Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, Tin t\u1ee9c)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-47\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Website-thuong-mai-dien-tu-WooCommerce-Magento-trung-binh\" >Website th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (WooCommerce, Magento trung b\u00ecnh)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-48\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Database-Server-chuyen-dung-MySQL-PostgreSQL-lon\" >Database Server chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (MySQL, PostgreSQL l\u1edbn)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-49\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#VPS-chay-nhieu-website-Agency-Web-Developer\" >VPS ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u website (Agency, Web Developer)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-50\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#He-thong-ERP-CRM-SaaS-cua-doanh-nghiep\" >H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ERP, CRM, SaaS c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-51\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-nen-nang-cap-tu-SATA-SSD-len-NVMe-SSD\" >Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb SATA SSD l\u00ean NVMe SSD?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-52\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Tai-Sao-IOPS-Quan-Trong-Khi-Thue-VPS\" >T\u1ea1i Sao IOPS Quan Tr\u1ecdng Khi Thu\u00ea VPS?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-53\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Hieu-nang-luu-tru-anh-huong-truc-tiep-toi-toc-do-website\" >Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 website<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-54\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#NVMe-SSD-giup-giam-do-tre-va-tang-kha-nang-xu-ly-dong-thoi\" >NVMe SSD gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-55\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Nhung-tieu-chi-can-xem-ngoai-CPU-va-RAM\" >Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n xem ngo\u00e0i CPU v\u00e0 RAM<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-56\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Giai-phap-VPS-hieu-nang-cao-tai-InterData\" >Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p VPS hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao t\u1ea1i InterData<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-57\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#Cau-Hoi-Thuong-Gap-Ve-IOPS-FAQ\" >C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p V\u1ec1 IOPS (FAQ)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-58\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#1-IOPS-la-viet-tat-cua-tu-gi\" >1. IOPS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-59\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#2-Bao-nhieu-IOPS-la-du-cho-mot-website-WordPress\" >2. Bao nhi\u00eau IOPS l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho m\u1ed9t website WordPress?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-60\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#3-IOPS-va-toc-do-SSD-co-giong-nhau-khong\" >3. IOPS v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 SSD c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-61\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#4-NVMe-SSD-co-IOPS-cao-hon-SATA-SSD-bao-nhieu-lan\" >4. NVMe SSD c\u00f3 IOPS cao h\u01a1n SATA SSD bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-62\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#5-IOPS-hay-Latency-quan-trong-hon\" >5. IOPS hay Latency quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-63\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#6-Co-the-tang-IOPS-cho-VPS-khong\" >6. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng IOPS cho VPS kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-64\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#7-Lam-sao-kiem-tra-IOPS-tren-Linux\" >7. L\u00e0m sao ki\u1ec3m tra IOPS tr\u00ean Linux?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-65\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/iops-la-gi\/#8-VPS-NVMe-SSD-co-luon-nhanh-hon-VPS-SATA-SSD-khong\" >8. VPS NVMe SSD c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n nhanh h\u01a1n VPS SATA SSD kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hay khi thu\u00ea VPS, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe nh\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (GB, TB) hay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (MB\/s). Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i hay b\u1ecb b\u1ecf qua. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>IOPS<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u1eady\u00a0<strong>IOPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec trong \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<\/strong>? T\u1ea1i sao ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi website, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (database) v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng VPS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n? H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/\"><strong>InterData<\/strong><\/a> t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-La-Gi\"><\/span>IOPS L\u00e0 G\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh-nghia-IOPS-InputOutput-Operations-Per-Second\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a IOPS (Input\/Output Operations Per Second)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>Input\/Output Operations Per Second<\/strong>\u00a0(S\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (nh\u01b0 HDD, SSD, NVMe SSD) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc ghi d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t file l\u1edbn li\u00ean t\u1ee5c, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy xu\u1ea5t si\u00eau nh\u1ecf di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. V\u00ec v\u1eady, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng MB\/s, IOPS l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-41538\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/IOPS-La-Gi-Y-Nghia-Cach-Do-Va-Tam-Quan-Trong-Cua-IOPS.jpg\" alt=\"IOPS L\u00e0 G\u00ec, \u00dd Ngh\u0129a, C\u00e1ch \u0110o V\u00e0 T\u1ea7m Quan Tr\u1ecdng C\u1ee7a IOPS\" width=\"1000\" height=\"667\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/IOPS-La-Gi-Y-Nghia-Cach-Do-Va-Tam-Quan-Trong-Cua-IOPS.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/IOPS-La-Gi-Y-Nghia-Cach-Do-Va-Tam-Quan-Trong-Cua-IOPS-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/06\/IOPS-La-Gi-Y-Nghia-Cach-Do-Va-Tam-Quan-Trong-Cua-IOPS-768x512.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-thuc-te-giup-de-hinh-dung-IOPS\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung IOPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7y giao d\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Throughput (MB\/s):<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd m\u00e0 qu\u1ea7y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd trong ng\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u1ebfu \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>HDD c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 100 IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t giao d\u1ecbch vi\u00ean th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng, m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ed5 s\u00e1ch v\u1eadt l\u00fd (kim \u0111\u1ecdc di chuy\u1ec3n t\u00ecm r\u00e3nh \u0111\u0129a).<\/li>\n<li><strong>SATA SSD c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 50.000 IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea7y giao d\u1ecbch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh h\u01a1n h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>NVMe SSD \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 500.000+ IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn giao d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-do-nhung-hoat-dong-nao\"><\/span>IOPS \u0111o nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh vi truy xu\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Read IOPS (\u0110\u1ecdc):<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng trong 1 gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Write IOPS (Ghi):<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi v\u00e0o \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng trong 1 gi\u00e2y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mixed IOPS (H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p):<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi (ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 70% \u0111\u1ecdc \/ 30% ghi).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Random IOPS (\u0110\u1ecdc\/ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean):<\/strong>\u00a0Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 database.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sequential IOPS (\u0110\u1ecdc\/ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1):<\/strong>\u00a0Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1eb1m li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nhau (nh\u01b0 khi b\u1ea1n copy m\u1ed9t file video l\u1edbn).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-Sao-IOPS-Quan-Trong-Trong-Hieu-Nang-Luu-Tru\"><\/span>V\u00ec Sao IOPS Quan Tr\u1ecdng Trong Hi\u1ec7u N\u0103ng L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anh-huong-truc-tiep-toi-toc-do-phan-hoi-he-thong\"><\/span>\u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed7i khi b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 m\u1edf m\u1ed9t trang web, ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n database, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hay kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VM), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd g\u1eedi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng. N\u1ebfu ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1\u00a0<strong>IOPS SSD<\/strong>\u00a0ho\u1eb7c\u00a0<strong>IOPS NVMe<\/strong>\u00a0c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i thao t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb kh\u1ef1ng, lag.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-cao-giup-xu-ly-nhieu-yeu-cau-dong-thoi\"><\/span>IOPS cao gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c website c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 web th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed WooCommerce, Magento) ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ERP\/CRM doanh nghi\u1ec7p, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1ebd c\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n thao t\u00e1c\u00a0<strong>random read write<\/strong>\u00a0c\u00f9ng l\u00fac. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 IOPS cao s\u1ebd gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd tr\u01a1n tru d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 n\u00e0y, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u1ebdn h\u00e0ng ch\u1edd.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-IOPS-tro-thanh-nut-that-co-chai\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o IOPS tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadp trung n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p CPU v\u00e0 RAM khi th\u1ea5y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 IOPS qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p (nh\u01b0 d\u00f9ng \u1ed5 HDD truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c SSD ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb b\u1ecb gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng), th\u00ec d\u00f9 CPU m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u hay RAM d\u01b0 th\u1eeba th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u1eabn s\u1ebd b\u1ecb treo nh\u1eb9 (lag). \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00fat th\u1eaft c\u1ed5 chai (bottleneck) do \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb CPU v\u00e0 RAM g\u1eedi xu\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-Hoat-Dong-Nhu-The-Nao\"><\/span>IOPS Ho\u1ea1t \u0110\u1ed9ng Nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf N\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 I\/O \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m xu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<pre><code>+-------------+      +---------------+      +--------------------+      +-----------------+\r\n| Application | ---&gt; | OS Kernel\/I\/O | ---&gt; | Storage Controller | ---&gt; | Physical Medium |\r\n| (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u)   |      | (H\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i\/QD) |      | (X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ec7nh)       |      | (HDD\/SSD Flash) |\r\n+-------------+      +---------------+      +--------------------+      +-----------------+\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy-trinh-doc-du-lieu\"><\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Application g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong>\u00a0\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web ho\u1eb7c MySQL) c\u1ea7n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc l\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (OS) x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong>\u00a0OS ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, d\u1ecbch n\u00f3 sang ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e1y v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (driver).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Storage Controller th\u1ef1c thi:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng (SSD Controller) \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u1eadt l\u00fd ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c chip nh\u1edb flash.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u:<\/strong>\u00a0D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i l\u00ean RAM \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy-trinh-ghi-du-lieu\"><\/span>Quy tr\u00ecnh ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, quy tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n do li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Buffer\/Cache:<\/strong>\u00a0D\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi ghi t\u1eeb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (DRAM Cache tr\u00ean SSD ho\u1eb7c RAM h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ghi v\u1eadt l\u00fd:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ghi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u00e1c kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c chip nh\u1edb NAND Flash.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai-tro-cua-Queue-Depth-trong-IOPS\"><\/span>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Queue Depth trong IOPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>Queue Depth (QD)<\/strong>\u00a0&#8211; \u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i &#8211; l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u I\/O \u0111ang x\u1ebfp h\u00e0ng ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS r\u1ea5t cao (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 500.000 IOPS) \u1edf m\u1ee9c QD l\u1edbn (nh\u01b0 QD32 ho\u1eb7c QD64) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c website th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, Queue Depth th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb QD1 \u0111\u1ebfn QD4. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng IOPS \u1edf m\u1ee9c QD th\u1ea5p m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Random-IO-va-Sequential-IO\"><\/span>Random I\/O v\u00e0 Sequential I\/O<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Random I\/O (Truy xu\u1ea5t ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean):<\/strong>\u00a0D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i tr\u00ean \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a. \u1ed4 c\u1ee9ng ph\u1ea3i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf. Do \u0111\u00f3, IOPS ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 database.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sequential I\/O (Truy xu\u1ea5t tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1):<\/strong>\u00a0D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i l\u1edbn. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ea5t nhanh, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111o b\u1eb1ng Throughput (MB\/s) thay v\u00ec IOPS.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-Yeu-To-Anh-Huong-Den-IOPS\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng Y\u1ebfu T\u1ed1 \u1ea2nh H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ebfn IOPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng IOPS c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng l\u1eabn ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef:<\/strong>\u00a0HDD ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u0129a (RPM) n\u00ean IOPS c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 th\u1ea5p. SSD s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chip nh\u1edb Flash lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc n\u00ean mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 IOPS v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc Block Size (K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u):<\/strong>\u00a0K\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 4KB, 8KB, 64KB, 128KB). Block Size c\u00e0ng nh\u1ecf th\u00ec s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y (IOPS) c\u00e0ng cao, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ed5ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (Throughput) l\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Queue Depth (QD):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ed9 s\u00e2u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn th\u00ec b\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n SSD c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 x\u1eed l\u00fd, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea9y IOPS l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n (cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ea1m gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a controller).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Controller v\u00e0 Firmware:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n (Controller) gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a SSD. Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 d\u1ecdn r\u00e1c (garbage collection) trong firmware t\u1ed1i \u01b0u s\u1ebd gi\u00fap duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c IOPS \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cache v\u00e0 DRAM:<\/strong>\u00a0SSD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb DRAM ri\u00eang th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 IOPS cao v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng SSD gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 DRAM (DRAM-less), v\u1ed1n ph\u1ea3i m\u01b0\u1ee3n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n RAM c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (HMB) ho\u1eb7c ghi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean chip NAND ch\u1eadm h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u01b0u tr\u1eef:<\/strong>\u00a0B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Giao ti\u1ebfp SATA III c\u0169 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i, trong khi c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i PCIe (PCIe Gen 3, Gen 4, Gen 5) th\u00f4ng qua giao th\u1ee9c NVMe gi\u00fap khai ph\u00f3ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a chip nh\u1edb, cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u1ea1t h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u IOPS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (Virtualization):<\/strong>\u00a0Tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (VMware, KVM, Hyper-V), t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb cho nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VM) ho\u1eb7c VPS. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n IOPS (IOPS Limit\/QoS) t\u1ed1t, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft IOPS c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chung (SAN\/NAS), g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Moi-Quan-He-Giua-IOPS-Throughput-Latency-Va-Response-Time\"><\/span>M\u1ed1i Quan H\u1ec7 Gi\u1eefa IOPS, Throughput, Latency V\u00e0 Response Time<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c\u00a0<strong>hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<\/strong>, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t n\u00f3 trong m\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi Throughput v\u00e0 Latency.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Throughput-la-gi\"><\/span>Throughput l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Throughput (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng\/t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1) l\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng sang h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh b\u1eb1ng Megabytes tr\u00ean gi\u00e2y (MB\/s) ho\u1eb7c Gigabytes tr\u00ean gi\u00e2y (GB\/s).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Latency-la-gi\"><\/span>Latency l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Latency (\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5) l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb l\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd. \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111o th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 mili-gi\u00e2y (ms) ho\u1eb7c micro-gi\u00e2y (\u00b5s).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Response-Time-la-gi\"><\/span>Response Time l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Response Time (Th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i) l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng th\u1eddi gian ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 I\/O, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i trong h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i (Queue Time) v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng (Latency).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-IOPS-va-Throughput\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh IOPS v\u00e0 Throughput<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th>IOPS<\/th>\n<th>Throughput<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110o l\u01b0\u1eddng<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/td>\n<td>Kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>IOPS (Operations\/sec)<\/td>\n<td>MB\/s ho\u1eb7c GB\/s<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1<\/strong><\/td>\n<td>C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c file nh\u1ecf, nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<\/td>\n<td>Copy file l\u1edbn, Render video, Sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Backup), Stream media<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>Gi\u1eefa IOPS v\u00e0 Throughput c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c sau:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Throughput (MB\/s) = (IOPS \u00d7 Block Size (KB)) \/ 1024<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: N\u1ebfu SSD c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1t 10.000 IOPS v\u1edbi Block Size l\u00e0 4KB, th\u00ec Throughput th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0: $(10.000 \\times 4) \/ 1024 \\approx 39.06 \\text{ MB\/s}$.<\/em><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-cao-co-dong-nghia-o-cung-nhanh-hon-khong\"><\/span>IOPS cao c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng nhanh h\u01a1n kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang. M\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 IOPS danh \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 (Latency) qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn th\u00ec tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t t\u1ec7. Khi \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c v\u1ee5, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng &#8220;\u0111\u1ee9ng h\u00ecnh&#8221; t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi d\u00f9 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa IOPS cao, Throughput r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 Latency c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-sao-Latency-thap-thuong-quan-trong-hon-IOPS-trong-thuc-te\"><\/span>V\u00ec sao Latency th\u1ea5p th\u01b0\u1eddng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n IOPS trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh website ho\u1eb7c truy v\u1ea5n database, c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (random I\/O) chi\u1ebfm \u0111a s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh (\u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p) \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 t\u1ee9c th\u00ec cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y so s\u00e1nh hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p A (SSD \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169):<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 500.000 IOPS nh\u01b0ng Latency l\u00ean t\u1edbi\u00a0<strong>2ms<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p B (Enterprise NVMe SSD):<\/strong>\u00a0Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1t 100.000 IOPS nh\u01b0ng Latency c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, ch\u1ec9\u00a0<strong>0.1ms<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng (n\u01a1i h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i Queue Depth lu\u00f4n \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p QD1 &#8211; QD2), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1edf\u00a0<strong>Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p B<\/strong>\u00a0s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, \u0111em l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bang-So-Sanh-IOPS-Cua-Cac-Loai-Thiet-Bi-Luu-Tru-2026\"><\/span>B\u1ea3ng So S\u00e1nh IOPS C\u1ee7a C\u00e1c Lo\u1ea1i Thi\u1ebft B\u1ecb L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef (2026)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p m\u1ee9c IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 2026:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-trung-binh-cua-HDD\"><\/span>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a HDD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i HDD<\/th>\n<th>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 quay<\/th>\n<th>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh (Random 4K)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Consumer HDD<\/td>\n<td>7200 RPM<\/td>\n<td>75 &#8211; 150 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Enterprise HDD<\/td>\n<td>10K RPM<\/td>\n<td>140 &#8211; 200 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Enterprise HDD<\/td>\n<td>15K RPM<\/td>\n<td>180 &#8211; 300 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-trung-binh-cua-SATA-SSD\"><\/span>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a SATA SSD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i SSD<\/th>\n<th>Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/th>\n<th>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh (Random 4K)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Consumer SATA SSD<\/td>\n<td>SATA III<\/td>\n<td>50.000 &#8211; 100.000 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>Enterprise SATA SSD<\/td>\n<td>SATA III<\/td>\n<td>100.000 &#8211; 200.000 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-trung-binh-cua-SAS-SSD\"><\/span>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a SAS SSD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i SSD<\/th>\n<th>Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/th>\n<th>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh (Random 4K)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Enterprise SAS SSD<\/td>\n<td>SAS 12G \/ 24G<\/td>\n<td>200.000 &#8211; 500.000 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-trung-binh-cua-NVMe-SSD\"><\/span>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a NVMe SSD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<table>\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th>Lo\u1ea1i SSD<\/th>\n<th>Giao ti\u1ebfp<\/th>\n<th>IOPS trung b\u00ecnh (Random 4K)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>Entry NVMe SSD<\/td>\n<td>PCIe Gen 3 \/ Gen 4<\/td>\n<td>300.000 &#8211; 600.000 IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>High-end \/ Enterprise NVMe<\/td>\n<td>PCIe Gen 4 \/ Gen 5<\/td>\n<td>700.000 &#8211; 1.500.000+ IOPS<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-cua-he-thong-luu-tru-doanh-nghiep\"><\/span>IOPS c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef doanh nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb m\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>SAN Storage \/ NAS:<\/strong>\u00a0K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea1y RAID \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu l\u1ed7i, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi g\u1ed9p IOPS c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>All-Flash Array (AFA):<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c tri\u1ec7u IOPS \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u cho h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hyper-Converged Infrastructure (HCI):<\/strong>\u00a0H\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng si\u00eau h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 gi\u00fap g\u1ed9p t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a IOPS m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4ng minh b\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-Do-Va-Danh-Gia-IOPS-Chinh-Xac\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch \u0110o V\u00e0 \u0110\u00e1nh Gi\u00e1 IOPS Ch\u00ednh X\u00e1c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra xem h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u00fang hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cam k\u1ebft t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t hay \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb cho thu\u00ea m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u00a0<strong>benchmark IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-cong-cu-benchmark-pho-bien\"><\/span>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 benchmark ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>FIO (Flexible I\/O Tester):<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (CLI) m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Linux. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tin d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>CrystalDiskMark:<\/strong>\u00a0Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Iometer:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DiskSpd:<\/strong>\u00a0C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh do Microsoft ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef cho c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y SQL Server tr\u00ean Windows Server.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-doc-ket-qua-benchmark\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 benchmark<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c b\u00e0i test b\u1eb1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 CrystalDiskMark, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>RND4K Q1T1:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi Block Size 4KB \u1edf Queue Depth = 1 v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 lu\u1ed3ng x\u1eed l\u00fd (Thread) = 1. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>RND4K Q32T1 ho\u1eb7c Q32T16:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean \u1edf Queue Depth cao h\u01a1n. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0 s\u00e1t v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SEQ1M:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 v\u1edbi kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn (1MB). Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng MB\/s, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 copy file dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-sai-lam-khi-doc-benchmark\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m khi \u0111\u1ecdc benchmark<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ec9 nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS t\u1ed1i \u0111a:<\/strong>\u00a0Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 IOPS cao nh\u1ea5t \u1edf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ee3i s\u00e2u (QD32, QD64) m\u00e0 b\u1ecf qu\u00ean ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u1edf QD1, v\u1ed1n m\u1edbi l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ecf qua th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 Latency:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i test cho th\u1ea5y IOPS r\u1ea5t cao nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 trung b\u00ecnh (Average Latency) t\u0103ng v\u1ecdt l\u00ean h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c mili-gi\u00e2y th\u00ec hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t k\u00e9m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>So s\u00e1nh sai Block Size:<\/strong>\u00a0So s\u00e1nh IOPS \u0111o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf Block Size 4KB v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111o \u1edf Block Size 8KB ho\u1eb7c 64KB l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1eadp khi\u1ec5ng, v\u00ec k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n cho ra s\u1ed1 IOPS th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Benchmark-tong-hop-va-hieu-nang-thuc-te-khac-nhau-the-nao\"><\/span>Benchmark t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c b\u00e0i test benchmark th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng (&#8220;Lab test&#8221;) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e9p \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ch\u1ea1y h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (&#8220;Production workload&#8221;) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea1y th\u1eadt ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. N\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi, c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 (idle) v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a CPU, RAM hay c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung-Dung-Thuc-Te-Cua-IOPS-Trong-VPS-Va-Ha-Tang-CNTT\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng D\u1ee5ng Th\u1ef1c T\u1ebf C\u1ee7a IOPS Trong VPS V\u00e0 H\u1ea1 T\u1ea7ng CNTT<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>IOPS \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec7c duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-Website-Hosting\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi Website Hosting<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>WordPress \/ WooCommerce:<\/strong>\u00a0M\u1ed7i khi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t trang s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng WordPress ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin gi\u00e1 c\u1ea3, h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft li\u00ean quan. M\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 IOPS cao gi\u00fap c\u00e1c file m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n PHP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin cache \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i l\u00ean ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb trang v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u1ed1 SEO.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Magento:<\/strong>\u00a0N\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n n\u1eb7ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. Magento \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00f3 IOPS c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh XML ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c trang th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-Database\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi Database<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0\u00a0<strong>MySQL, MariaDB, PostgreSQL, MongoDB<\/strong>\u00a0li\u00ean t\u1ee5c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ghi log, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c (index) v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean \u0111\u0129a c\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c file nh\u1ecf ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a database ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9\u00a0<strong>random read write<\/strong>\u00a0(\u0111o b\u1eb1ng IOPS) ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (MB\/s).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-VPS\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o VPS, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y web server (Nginx\/Apache), h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh v\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ch\u1ea1y ng\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c control panel qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd (nh\u01b0 cPanel, DirectAdmin, AAPanel), c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh qu\u00e9t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu VPS s\u1edf h\u1eefu ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ch\u1ea1y song song m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ngh\u1ebdn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-Virtualization\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi Virtualization<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a nh\u01b0\u00a0<strong>KVM, VMware, Hyper-V<\/strong>\u00a0cho ph\u00e9p chia nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u VPS \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Enterprise SSD) c\u00f3 IOPS c\u1ef1c l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 g\u1eb7p hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng d\u00e2y chuy\u1ec1n khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i VPS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-Cloud-Computing\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi Cloud Computing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Cloud Server hay h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng Private\/Public Cloud, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao (SAN\/Network-attached Storage). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o Cloud Server ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng g\u1eafn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i IOPS v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IOPS-voi-AI-Big-Data-va-Enterprise-Workloads\"><\/span>IOPS v\u1edbi AI, Big Data v\u00e0 Enterprise Workloads<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (Big Data Analytics), kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p (Data Warehouse) hay hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (Machine Learning\/AI) y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u1ea1p h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ec7p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1ecf v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef NVMe SSD Enterprise hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ee7 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng IOPS kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u1eef cho c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd GPU\/CPU \u0111\u1eaft ti\u1ec1n lu\u00f4n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ebft c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i n\u1ea1p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-Hieu-Lam-Pho-Bien-Ve-IOPS\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng Hi\u1ec3u L\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed5 Bi\u1ebfn V\u1ec1 IOPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-IOPS-cang-cao-cang-tot\"><\/span>1. IOPS c\u00e0ng cao c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn mua \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c thu\u00ea VPS ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean con s\u1ed1 IOPS cao nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t website gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u00edt l\u01b0\u1ee3t truy c\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ee9a file l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (Backup Server), th\u00ec dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u1edbn m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u IOPS trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd g\u00e2y l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Chi-can-nhin-IOPS-la-danh-gia-duoc-SSD\"><\/span>2. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn IOPS l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c SSD<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 IOPS l\u1edbn ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c tranh hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc SSD c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hay kh\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t th\u00eam c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Latency (\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5):<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 th\u1ea5p gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i nhanh h\u01a1n d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Endurance (\u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n &#8211; TBW\/DWPD):<\/strong>\u00a0Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi \u0111\u0129a b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 theo th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng h\u00f3c hay gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>QoS (Quality of Service):<\/strong>\u00a0Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng duy tr\u00ec m\u1ee9c IOPS v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ecdi m\u1ee9c t\u1ea3i, thay v\u00ec l\u00fac nhanh l\u00fac ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-SSD-nao-cung-co-IOPS-giong-nhau\"><\/span>3. SSD n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 IOPS gi\u1ed1ng nhau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng SSD:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Consumer SSD (\u1ed4 c\u1ee9ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, ch\u01a1i game nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea3i n\u1eb7ng ng\u1eafn. Khi b\u1ecb \u00e9p ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7 v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 cao, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng IOPS c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang s\u1ebd s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 chip nh\u1edb kh\u1ecfi b\u1ecb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec7t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Enterprise \/ Data Center SSD (\u1ed4 c\u1ee9ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p\/trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u):<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng IOPS cao v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t (PLP) v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ec1n ghi x\u00f3a cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-VPS-quang-cao-SSD-NVMe-chac-chan-nhanh\"><\/span>4. VPS qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o SSD NVMe ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nhanh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi g\u00f3i VPS g\u1eafn m\u00e1c &#8220;SSD NVMe&#8221; \u0111\u1ec1u mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 nhau. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u00f2ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u00e0 d\u00f2ng NVMe Consumer gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb hay d\u00f2ng Enterprise chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (nh\u01b0 NVMe U.2\/U.3).<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 Overselling:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 chia s\u1ebb qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd hay kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u VPS c\u00f9ng tranh ch\u1ea5p t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf chia v\u1ec1 cho VPS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u1ee5t gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-Chon-Luu-Tru-Theo-Nhu-Cau-IOPS\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch Ch\u1ecdn L\u01b0u Tr\u1eef Theo Nhu C\u1ea7u IOPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tham kh\u1ea3o b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS cho t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Website-doanh-nghiep-nho-Gioi-thieu-Tin-tuc\"><\/span>Website doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf (Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u, Tin t\u1ee9c)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\u00a0L\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u1ea5p, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u0129nh (h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh, v\u0103n b\u1ea3n).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0Kho\u1ea3ng\u00a0<strong>1.000 &#8211; 3.000 IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Website-thuong-mai-dien-tu-WooCommerce-Magento-trung-binh\"><\/span>Website th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (WooCommerce, Magento trung b\u00ecnh)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\u00a0Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m, th\u00eam v\u00e0o gi\u1ecf h\u00e0ng, thanh to\u00e1n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i truy v\u1ea5n database li\u00ean t\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>5.000 &#8211; 15.000 IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0\u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ngh\u1ebdn thanh to\u00e1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khung gi\u1edd cao \u0111i\u1ec3m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Database-Server-chuyen-dung-MySQL-PostgreSQL-lon\"><\/span>Database Server chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng (MySQL, PostgreSQL l\u1edbn)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecdc ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 cao v\u00e0 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>30.000 &#8211; 100.000+ IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 (Latency) d\u01b0\u1edbi 1ms \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPS-chay-nhieu-website-Agency-Web-Developer\"><\/span>VPS ch\u1ea1y nhi\u1ec1u website (Agency, Web Developer)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\u00a0Ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c website c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t VPS.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>10.000 &#8211; 20.000 IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0gi\u00fap c\u00e1c website kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u1eabn nhau khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t web \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t t\u0103ng traffic.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"He-thong-ERP-CRM-SaaS-cua-doanh-nghiep\"><\/span>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ERP, CRM, SaaS c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m:<\/strong>\u00a0Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng ty li\u00ean t\u1ee5c truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng l\u00fac.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Nhu c\u1ea7u IOPS:<\/strong>\u00a0T\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>50.000 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ng\u00e0n IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c quy m\u00f4 nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-nen-nang-cap-tu-SATA-SSD-len-NVMe-SSD\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb SATA SSD l\u00ean NVMe SSD?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang l\u01b0u tr\u1eef NVMe SSD khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>CPU v\u00e0 RAM v\u1eabn c\u00f2n d\u01b0 th\u1eeba<\/strong>\u00a0nh\u01b0ng website\/\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng load r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm m\u1ed7i khi l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat.<\/li>\n<li>Th\u1eddi gian th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5\u00a0<strong>sao l\u01b0u (backup) ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i (restore)<\/strong>\u00a0d\u1eef li\u1ec7u di\u1ec5n ra qu\u00e1 l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<li>Truy c\u1eadp trang qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb Admin (WordPress, ERP) b\u1ecb xoay v\u00f2ng tr\u00f2n ch\u1edd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u00e2u, d\u00f9 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng database li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u00e1o l\u1ed7i qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Too many connections) ho\u1eb7c ngh\u1ebdn h\u00e0ng ch\u1edd truy v\u1ea5n (Query queue bottleneck).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai-Sao-IOPS-Quan-Trong-Khi-Thue-VPS\"><\/span>T\u1ea1i Sao IOPS Quan Tr\u1ecdng Khi Thu\u00ea VPS?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS, \u0111a ph\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa \u00fd so s\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng vCPU, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM hay b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 qu\u00ean m\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i l\u01b0u gi\u1eef to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n website, h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu-nang-luu-tru-anh-huong-truc-tiep-toi-toc-do-website\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 website<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>D\u00f9 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu CPU th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t hay l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u0169 ho\u1eb7c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1ee9c IOPS qu\u00e1 th\u1ea5p, website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn s\u1ebd t\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp web s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u, l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng SEO tr\u00ean Google.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"NVMe-SSD-giup-giam-do-tre-va-tang-kha-nang-xu-ly-dong-thoi\"><\/span>NVMe SSD gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 v\u00e0 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e1c g\u00f3i VPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng NVMe SSD cao c\u1ea5p (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng Enterprise chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng) mang l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy xu\u1ea5t ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi SATA SSD th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n l\u01b0\u1ee3t truy c\u1eadp c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng m\u00e0 v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1ee9c th\u00ec, m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-tieu-chi-can-xem-ngoai-CPU-va-RAM\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n xem ngo\u00e0i CPU v\u00e0 RAM<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>IOPS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cam k\u1ebft t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u00f3p b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng khi c\u1ea7n x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u1eb7ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 trung b\u00ecnh (Latency):<\/strong>\u00a0\u01afu ti\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p (d\u01b0\u1edbi 1ms) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i website.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Lo\u1ea1i SSD s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng Enterprise SSD chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng thay v\u00ec c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng Consumer th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u00e0i l\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng (Network Speed) v\u00e0 B\u0103ng th\u00f4ng:<\/strong>\u00a0\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng truy\u1ec1n internet c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ee7 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai-phap-VPS-hieu-nang-cao-tai-InterData\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p VPS hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao t\u1ea1i InterData<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1eb1m mang l\u1ea1i tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t cho kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, InterData \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p VPS th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi t\u1eadp trung t\u1ed1i \u0111a v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<div>\n<div style=\"border-left: 4px solid #0A4FF6; padding: 16px 20px; margin: 24px 0; background: #F5F8FF; border-radius: 8px; color: #0a1a3a;\">N\u1ebfu website, database ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm do gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn VPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSD NVMe ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc.<br \/>\nKh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">VPS gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/a><\/strong> t\u1ea1i InterData v\u1edbi <strong>CPU th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi<\/strong>, <strong>SSD NVMe U.2<\/strong> hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao, <strong>t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng<\/strong> gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh website, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-Hoi-Thuong-Gap-Ve-IOPS-FAQ\"><\/span>C\u00e2u H\u1ecfi Th\u01b0\u1eddng G\u1eb7p V\u1ec1 IOPS (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-IOPS-la-viet-tat-cua-tu-gi\"><\/span>1. IOPS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>IOPS l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a\u00a0<strong>Input\/Output Operations Per Second<\/strong>\u00a0(S\u1ed1 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tr\u00ean m\u1ed7i gi\u00e2y).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Bao-nhieu-IOPS-la-du-cho-mot-website-WordPress\"><\/span>2. Bao nhi\u00eau IOPS l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 cho m\u1ed9t website WordPress?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t website WordPress th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c blog c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u1ee9c IOPS t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>1.000 &#8211; 3.000 IOPS<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 web b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng (WooCommerce) c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh VPS c\u00f3 m\u1ee9c IOPS t\u1eeb\u00a0<strong>10.000 IOPS tr\u1edf l\u00ean<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-IOPS-va-toc-do-SSD-co-giong-nhau-khong\"><\/span>3. IOPS v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 SSD c\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nhau kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n gi\u1ed1ng nhau. T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 SSD th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (\u0111o b\u1eb1ng MB\/s ho\u1eb7c GB\/s), th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng khi copy file l\u1edbn. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, IOPS \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c file si\u00eau nh\u1ecf di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f9ng l\u00fac (\u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean), quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-NVMe-SSD-co-IOPS-cao-hon-SATA-SSD-bao-nhieu-lan\"><\/span>4. NVMe SSD c\u00f3 IOPS cao h\u01a1n SATA SSD bao nhi\u00eau l\u1ea7n?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SATA SSD c\u00f3 IOPS dao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb 50.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 100.000 IOPS. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng NVMe SSD th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1eeb 500.000 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n 1.500.000+ IOPS, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 cao h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p\u00a0<strong>10 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 l\u1ea7n<\/strong>\u00a0so v\u1edbi SATA SSD nh\u1edd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u1ed5ng PCIe v\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c NVMe t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-IOPS-hay-Latency-quan-trong-hon\"><\/span>5. IOPS hay Latency quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (\u0111\u1ecdc ghi c\u00e1c file dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf \u1edf Queue Depth th\u1ea5p),\u00a0<strong>Latency (\u0110\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5) th\u1ea5p quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n<\/strong>. M\u1ed9t \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng c\u00f3 IOPS c\u1ef1c cao nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 l\u1edbn v\u1eabn s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p (lag) cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. V\u00ec v\u1eady, s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa IOPS cao v\u00e0 Latency c\u1ef1c th\u1ea5p m\u1edbi l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-Co-the-tang-IOPS-cho-VPS-khong\"><\/span>6. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng IOPS cho VPS kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng IOPS cho VPS b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>N\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p g\u00f3i VPS l\u00ean c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh cao h\u01a1n (nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 IOPS t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh g\u00f3i ho\u1eb7c dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t).<\/li>\n<li>Chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng SSD NVMe chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nh\u01b0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a database, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec7m (Caching) tr\u00ean RAM \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i b\u1edbt s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u I\/O tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp xu\u1ed1ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-Lam-sao-kiem-tra-IOPS-tren-Linux\"><\/span>7. L\u00e0m sao ki\u1ec3m tra IOPS tr\u00ean Linux?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux (nh\u01b0 CentOS, Ubuntu, Debian), c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra IOPS l\u00e0\u00a0<strong>FIO<\/strong>. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecdc ghi ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean 4KB \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o IOPS nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-bash\"># C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t FIO tr\u00ean Ubuntu\/Debian\r\nsudo apt-get install fio -y\r\n\r\n# Ch\u1ea1y test \u0111\u1ecdc ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean (Random Read) trong 60 gi\u00e2y\r\nfio --name=random_read --ioengine=libaio --rw=randread --bs=4k --numjobs=1 --size=4G --iodepth=64 --runtime=60 --time_based --group_reporting\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb \u1edf d\u00f2ng\u00a0<code>IOPS=...<\/code>\u00a0ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 IOPS ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-VPS-NVMe-SSD-co-luon-nhanh-hon-VPS-SATA-SSD-khong\"><\/span>8. VPS NVMe SSD c\u00f3 lu\u00f4n nhanh h\u01a1n VPS SATA SSD kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, NVMe SSD nhanh h\u01a1n SATA SSD r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Tuy nhi\u00ean trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a VPS NVMe SSD c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o uy t\u00edn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p chia s\u1ebb (oversell) qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u VPS tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng NVMe gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n (Consumer SSD), hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed k\u00e9m \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t VPS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Enterprise SATA SSD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 hay khi thu\u00ea VPS, ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng nghe nh\u1eafc nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng (GB, TB) hay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 (MB\/s). Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1ee3t m\u00e0, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":41538,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[162],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41535","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-phan-cung"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41535","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41535"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41535\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":41539,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41535\/revisions\/41539"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41538"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41535"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41535"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41535"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}