{"id":32627,"date":"2025-08-15T16:21:34","date_gmt":"2025-08-15T09:21:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=32627"},"modified":"2025-08-15T16:24:45","modified_gmt":"2025-08-15T09:24:45","slug":"giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ee3i \u00edch, Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p d\u00f9ng &amp; So v\u1edbi FTP"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi\" >Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Cac-loai-goi-tin-trong-TFTP\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u00f3i tin trong TFTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Co-che-hoat-dong-cua-TFTP\" >C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a TFTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP\" >L\u00ed do n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi\" >S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Truyen-va-nhan-tep-giua-cac-thiet-bi\" >Truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Khoi-dong-he-thong-tu-xa-khong-can-o-cung\" >Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb xa kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Cap-nhat-phan-mem-va-firmware-cho-thiet-bi-mang\" >C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 firmware cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Sao-luu-cau-hinh-mang\" >Sao l\u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Luu-tru-hinh-anh-IOS-cua-thiet-bi-Cisco\" >L\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh IOS c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Cisco<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Ho-tro-phan-tich-virus-qua-mang\" >H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch virus qua m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Truyen-tep-license-cho-Router\" >Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p license cho Router<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Phu-hop-voi-thiet-bi-cong-suat-thap\" >Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP\" >\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa TFTP v\u00e0 FTP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#TFTP-Client-va-Server-Software\" >TFTP Client v\u00e0 Server Software<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-tftp-la-gi\/#Loi-khuyen-ve-bao-mat-khi-dung-TFTP\" >L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt khi d\u00f9ng TFTP<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n file \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c file nh\u1ecf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng. N\u1eafm v\u1eefng TFTP gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 TFTP, t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean l\u00fd ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u1ee3i \u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n khai th\u00e1c t\u1ed1i \u0111a giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi\"><\/span>Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>TFTP (Trivial <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ftp-la-gi\/\">File Transfer Protocol<\/a>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/strong>. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 FTP, TFTP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean giao th\u1ee9c UDP (User Datagram Protocol), t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 li\u1ec7t k\u00ea th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, x\u00f3a file, hay x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32629\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32629\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32629\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Giao-thuc-TFTP-la-gi-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32629\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-loai-goi-tin-trong-TFTP\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i g\u00f3i tin trong TFTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>TFTP Protocol s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 4 lo\u1ea1i g\u00f3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>RRQ (Read Request)<\/strong>: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p t\u1eeb <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>WRQ (Write Request)<\/strong>: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1eedi t\u1ec7p l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>DATA<\/strong>: Ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec7p \u0111ang truy\u1ec1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ACK<\/strong>: X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-che-hoat-dong-cua-TFTP\"><\/span>C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a TFTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch TFTP v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng xem quy tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch (client) v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (server) di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>TFTP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c UDP \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean c\u1ed5ng 69. Sau khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t trong hai lo\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u: RRQ (Read Request) \u2013 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ec7p, ho\u1eb7c WRQ (Write Request) \u2013 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ghi t\u1ec7p l\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<p>Khi mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec7p, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u RRQ. Khi mu\u1ed1n ghi ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea3i l\u00ean t\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u WRQ.<\/p>\n<p>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n \u0111i d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c g\u00f3i tin (packet) nh\u1ecf, m\u1ed7i g\u00f3i c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 512 byte. Khi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin t\u1edbi m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee3i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn (ACK) t\u1eeb m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi g\u1eedi g\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp theo. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1ec7p \u2013 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 g\u00f3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n xong.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP\"><\/span>L\u00ed do n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>T\u1ea1i sao TFTP l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n n\u1eb1m \u1edf s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i<\/strong>: TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p hay c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0, d\u1ec5 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy\u1ec1n nhanh<\/strong>: TFTP s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c UDP gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00edt t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean<\/strong>: TFTP c\u1ea7n \u00edt b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bang-thong-la-gi\/\">b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/a> h\u01a1n c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c, th\u00edch h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb ho\u1eb7c dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i<\/strong>: TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 tr\u00ean \u0111a s\u1ed1 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n c\u00f3<\/strong>: TFTP kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n ph\u00ed, c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao<\/strong>: Do kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, TFTP r\u1ea5t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/router-la-gi\/\">router<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/switch-la-gi\/\">switch<\/a>, hay sao l\u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3n sao l\u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, gi\u00fap d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c khi h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng trong vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n t\u00edch file \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n virus ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, TFTP kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32630\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32630\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32630\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP.jpg\" alt=\"L\u00ed do n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Li-do-nen-su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32630\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L\u00ed do n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi\"><\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng TFTP v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, giao\u00a0th\u1ee9c TFTP (Trivial File\u00a0Transfer Protocol) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng\u00a0trong nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ee5c\u00a0\u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng\u00a0ch\u00ednh nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truyen-va-nhan-tep-giua-cac-thiet-bi\"><\/span>Truy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn t\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 t\u1ec7p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng hay t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-lan\/\">m\u1ea1ng LAN<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, server, router v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean, TFTP kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u00e3 h\u00f3a, n\u00ean m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khoi-dong-he-thong-tu-xa-khong-can-o-cung\"><\/span>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb xa kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>TFTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hay ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, TFTP c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh t\u1eeb xa m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32631\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32631\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32631\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi.jpg\" alt=\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Su-dung-giao-thuc-TFTP-de-lam-gi-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32631\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap-nhat-phan-mem-va-firmware-cho-thiet-bi-mang\"><\/span>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 firmware cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>TFTP th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c firmware cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 router, switch hay <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tuong-lua-firewall\/\">t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/a>. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ecf, thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n qua TFTP.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sao-luu-cau-hinh-mang\"><\/span>Sao l\u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sao l\u01b0u t\u1ec7p c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ea3i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh xu\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef qua TFTP. Khi c\u1ea7n, t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>TFTP c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 sao l\u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh router, gi\u00fap ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb h\u1ecfng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb reset v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i ngay khi c\u1ea7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Luu-tru-hinh-anh-IOS-cua-thiet-bi-Cisco\"><\/span>L\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh IOS c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Cisco<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a TFTP l\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh IOS \u2013 t\u1ec7p ch\u1ee9a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh router Cisco. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc IOS kh\u00e1 l\u1edbn, TFTP v\u1eabn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p n\u00e0y qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ho-tro-phan-tich-virus-qua-mang\"><\/span>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch virus qua m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>TFTP truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa hai m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, TFTP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi t\u1ec7p nghi ng\u1edd ch\u1ee9a m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia an ninh \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u00e9t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truyen-tep-license-cho-Router\"><\/span>Truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p license cho Router<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t License cho Router l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, TFTP s\u1ebd truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p license \u2013 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p cho router.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phu-hop-voi-thiet-bi-cong-suat-thap\"><\/span>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f4ng su\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u00ec y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean r\u1ea5t \u00edt, TFTP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 router v\u00e0 switch.<\/p>\n<p>TFTP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u trong c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00fang nh\u1edd \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nh\u1eb9, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean. N\u00f3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p nhanh, nh\u1ecf g\u1ecdn, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP\"><\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa TFTP v\u00e0 FTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n file. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng TFTP v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng FTP.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa TFTP v\u00e0 FTP:<\/p>\n<div style=\"overflow-x: auto;\">\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; border: 2px solid #0D6EFD; min-width: 600px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr>\n<th style=\"background: #0D6EFD; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 12px; font-size: 15px; border-right: 2px solid #ffffff;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #0D6EFD; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 12px; font-size: 15px;\">TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol)<\/th>\n<th style=\"background: #0D6EFD; color: #ffffff; text-align: left; padding: 12px; font-size: 15px;\">FTP (File Transfer Protocol)<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background: #ffffff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; width: 22%; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">Giao th\u1ee9c c\u01a1 s\u1edf<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">UDP (User Datagram Protocol)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #f8fbff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">C\u1ed5ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">C\u1ed5ng 69<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">C\u1ed5ng 20 (data) v\u00e0 21 (control)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #ffffff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">\u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">Kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i g\u00f3i tin th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">R\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady. TCP c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #f8fbff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3. Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">C\u00f3. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #ffffff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">R\u1ea5t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n: ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi file.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb;\">\u0110a d\u1ea1ng: \u0111\u1ecdc, ghi, x\u00f3a, \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean, li\u1ec7t k\u00ea th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background: #f8fbff;\">\n<th style=\"text-align: left; padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb; border-bottom: 2px solid #0D6EFD;\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng<\/th>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb; border-bottom: 2px solid #0D6EFD;\">Truy\u1ec1n file nh\u1ecf, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware.<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; vertical-align: top; border-top: 1px solid #e9eefb; border-bottom: 2px solid #0D6EFD;\">Truy\u1ec1n file l\u1edbn, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ec7p tin tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-server\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web<\/a>, trao \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div>\n<p>TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n file \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, nhanh, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. FTP c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, d\u00f9ng cho truy\u1ec1n file t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ho\u1eb7c Internet.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_32632\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-32632\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-32632\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa TFTP v\u00e0 FTP\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/Diem-khac-nhau-giua-TFTP-va-FTP-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-32632\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa TFTP v\u00e0 FTP<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"TFTP-Client-va-Server-Software\"><\/span>TFTP Client v\u00e0 Server Software<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>TFTP (Trivial File Transfer Protocol) h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng client v\u00e0 server gi\u00fap truy\u1ec1n t\u1ec7p gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Windows, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">Linux<\/a> v\u00e0 macOS \u0111\u1ec1u t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh client TFTP.<\/p>\n<p>TFTPD32 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, c\u00f3 giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda tr\u1ef1c quan, \u0111i k\u00e8m c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng client v\u00e0 server. M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 Windows TFTP Utility, c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 hai ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda d\u1ec5 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean Windows, TFTP server c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u1ed5 sung nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Linux v\u00e0 macOS s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh server m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh mang t\u00ean tftpd, tuy nhi\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh TFTP server c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-khuyen-ve-bao-mat-khi-dung-TFTP\"><\/span>L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt khi d\u00f9ng TFTP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u1eddi khuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c TFTP:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TFTP tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">m\u1ea1ng internet<\/a> v\u00ec d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb nghe tr\u1ed9m v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ec9 d\u00f9ng TFTP trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng TFTP \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m ho\u1eb7c ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPN ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c k\u00eanh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e3 h\u00f3a l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng TFTP n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i truy\u1ec1n file qua m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 TFTP, gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">IP<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra nh\u1eadt k\u00fd truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c giao th\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c khi c\u1ea7n truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 SCP, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/sftp-la-gi\/\">SFTP<\/a>).<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro, t\u1eaft d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 khi kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Do TFTP kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ma-hoa-du-lieu-data-encryption\/\">m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a>, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 sung \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>TFTP, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware hay kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng TFTP c\u1ea7n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Giao th\u1ee9c TFTP l\u00e0 giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n file \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c file nh\u1ecf gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng. N\u1eafm v\u1eefng TFTP gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt firmware ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":32633,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-32627","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32627"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32637,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32627\/revisions\/32637"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32633"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32627"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32627"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32627"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}