{"id":31272,"date":"2025-07-01T16:56:28","date_gmt":"2025-07-01T09:56:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=31272"},"modified":"2025-07-05T14:24:16","modified_gmt":"2025-07-05T07:24:16","slug":"cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e1ch \u0110\u0103ng Nh\u1eadp VPS Tr\u00ean M\u00e1y T\u00ednh (Windows, Mac, Linux)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#VPS-la-gi-Tai-sao-can-dang-nhap-VPS-tu-may-tinh\" >VPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Nhung-dieu-can-chuan-bi-truoc-khi-dang-nhap-VPS\" >Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Cac-phan-mem-ho-tro-dang-nhap-VPS-tu-may-tinh\" >C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#PuTTY-Windows\" >PuTTY (Windows)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#MobaXterm-Windows\" >MobaXterm (Windows)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Terminal-macOSLinux\" >Terminal (macOS\/Linux)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Cach-dang-nhap-VPS-Windows-bang-Remote-Desktop-Connection\" >C\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS Windows b\u1eb1ng Remote Desktop Connection<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Cac-buoc-ket-noi-toi-VPS-Windows\" >C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi VPS Windows<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Nhap-thong-tin-dang-nhap\" >Nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Cach-dang-nhap-VPS-Linux\" >C\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS Linux<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Dang-nhap-tren-Windows-dung-PuTTY\" >\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean Windows (d\u00f9ng PuTTY)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Dang-nhap-tren-macOS-Linux-dung-Terminal\" >\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean macOS &amp; Linux (d\u00f9ng Terminal)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Huong-dan-dang-nhap-VPS-bang-SSH-key-Tuy-chon-nang-cao\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS b\u1eb1ng SSH key (T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e2ng cao)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Loi-thuong-gap-khi-dang-nhap-VPS-va-cach-xu-ly\" >L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Loi-Connection-refused\" >L\u1ed7i Connection refused<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Loi-Connection-timed-out\" >L\u1ed7i Connection timed out<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Loi-Permission-denied-publickey-password\" >L\u1ed7i Permission denied (publickey, password)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Mot-so-meo-bao-mat-khi-dang-nhap-VPS\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Thay-doi-Port-SSH-mac-dinh-22\" >Thay \u0111\u1ed5i Port SSH m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh (22)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Tat-quyen-dang-nhap-truc-tiep-cua-user-root\" >T\u1eaft quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a user root<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Su-dung-mat-khau-manh-hoac-SSH-Key\" >S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c SSH Key<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cach-dang-nhap-vps-tren-may-tinh\/#Loi-ket\" >L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t VPS m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a InterData s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh chi ti\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb9o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"VPS-la-gi-Tai-sao-can-dang-nhap-VPS-tu-may-tinh\"><\/span>VPS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>VPS (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-la-gi\/\">Virtual Private Server<\/a>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a> \u1ea3o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n chia m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/server-vat-ly-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/a>. H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c 24\/7 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/data-center-la-gi\/\">trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. M\u00e1y t\u00ednh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-server\/\">CPU<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ram-server\/\">RAM<\/a>, \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng) ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u00ean trong.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 thao t\u00e1c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c. V\u00ec VPS kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c truy c\u1eadp t\u1eeb xa \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/website-la-gi\/\">website<\/a>, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0o. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c th\u00f4ng qua <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">m\u1ea1ng Internet<\/a> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Dang-nhap-VPS-tren-may-tinh-01.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31273\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Dang-nhap-VPS-tren-may-tinh-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/Dang-nhap-VPS-tren-may-tinh-01-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-dieu-can-chuan-bi-truoc-khi-dang-nhap-VPS\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb, tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n b\u1ed1n th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng sau \u0111\u00e2y, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi qua email sau khi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a> (IP Address):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a VPS tr\u00ean Internet, v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code>103.22.11.45<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng (Username):<\/strong> T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb cao nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-linux-la-gi\/\">VPS Linux<\/a> th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 <code>root<\/code>. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vps-windows-la-gi\/\">VPS Windows<\/a>, t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <code>Administrator<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u (Password):<\/strong> M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n <code>root<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>Administrator<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ed5ng (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/port-la-gi\/\">Port<\/a>):<\/strong> C\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ssh-la-gi\/\">giao th\u1ee9c SSH<\/a> (s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Linux) l\u00e0 <code>22<\/code>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-phan-mem-ho-tro-dang-nhap-VPS-tu-may-tinh\"><\/span>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn VPS, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m trung gian g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 SSH client. M\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u chung m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PuTTY-Windows\"><\/span>PuTTY (Windows)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/putty-la-gi\/\">PuTTY<\/a> l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng tin d\u00f9ng trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m. Giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PuTTY \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, t\u1eadp trung ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MobaXterm-Windows\"><\/span>MobaXterm (Windows)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n PuTTY, MobaXterm l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi. Ngo\u00e0i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH, MobaXterm c\u00f2n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd file <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/sftp-la-gi\/\">SFTP<\/a> (gi\u00fap k\u00e9o\/th\u1ea3 file gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 VPS), X11 forwarding, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Terminal-macOSLinux\"><\/span>Terminal (macOS\/Linux)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng macOS v\u00e0 c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux<\/a> (nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ubuntu-server-la-gi\/\">Ubuntu<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-centos\/\">CentOS<\/a>), b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0o. \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng Terminal \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-dang-nhap-VPS-Windows-bang-Remote-Desktop-Connection\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS Windows b\u1eb1ng Remote Desktop Connection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng VPS ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/windows-server-la-gi\/\">Windows Server<\/a>, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/remote-desktop-connection-rdc-la-gi\/\">Remote Desktop Connection<\/a> (RDP). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-buoc-ket-noi-toi-VPS-Windows\"><\/span>C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi VPS Windows<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n h\u00e3y m\u1edf c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 Remote Desktop Connection. C\u00e1ch nhanh nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ph\u00edm <strong>Windows + R<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf h\u1ed9p tho\u1ea1i <strong>Run<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eadp <strong>mstsc<\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n <strong>Enter<\/strong>. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Mo-Remote-Desktop-Connection-1.png\" alt=\"M\u1edf Remote Desktop Connection\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Remote Desktop Connection, nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS v\u00e0o \u00f4 <strong>Computer<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Connect<\/strong>. Giao di\u1ec7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i s\u1ebd gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 minh h\u1ecda b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Nhap-dia-chi-IP-cua-VPS.png\" alt=\"Nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhap-thong-tin-dang-nhap\"><\/span>Nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, m\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn <strong>More choices<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5m v\u00e0o <strong>Use a different account<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c. Ti\u1ebfp theo, nh\u1eadp <strong>Username<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Password<\/strong> m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi cho b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Xac-thuc-tai-khoan-va-mat-khau.png\" alt=\"X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd, khi sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 d\u00e1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh d\u00e1n th\u1eeba kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1eafng \u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1eb7c cu\u1ed1i \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi\u1ebfn \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Sau khi nh\u1eadp xong, nh\u1ea5n <strong>OK<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p>\u1ede l\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n t\u00edch ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o \u00f4 <strong>Don\u2019t ask me again for connections to this computer<\/strong>, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n <strong>Yes<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Canh-bao-chung-chi-bao-mat-remote-desktop-connection.png\" alt=\"C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ch\u1ee9ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt remote desktop connection\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>L\u00fac n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 giao di\u1ec7n desktop c\u1ee7a VPS Windows.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Giao-dien-man-hinh-desktop-cua-VPS.png\" alt=\"Giao di\u1ec7n m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh desktop c\u1ee7a VPS\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-dang-nhap-VPS-Linux\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS Linux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dang-nhap-tren-Windows-dung-PuTTY\"><\/span>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean Windows (d\u00f9ng PuTTY)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c quan v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0i ph\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh. H\u00e3y l\u00e0m theo t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u1ea3i v\u00e0 C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t PuTTY<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n t\u1ea3i PuTTY t\u1eeb <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/page-la-gi\/\">trang web<\/a> ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c. H\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (32-bit ho\u1eb7c 64-bit). Sau khi t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1edf file v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng tin Host Name (IP Address) v\u00e0 Port<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng PuTTY. T\u1ea1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Trong \u00f4 <strong>Host Name (or IP address)<\/strong>, h\u00e3y nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS.<\/li>\n<li>Trong \u00f4 <strong>Port<\/strong>, \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c, c\u1ed5ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 <code>22<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>T\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c <strong>Connection type<\/strong>, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn <strong>SSH<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Truy-cap-VPS-Linux-qua-SSH-bang-PuTTY.png\" alt=\"Truy c\u1eadp VPS Linux qua SSH b\u1eb1ng PuTTY\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: M\u1edf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sau khi \u0111i\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng tin, nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Open<\/strong> \u1edf ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi. Trong l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, PuTTY s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (PuTTY Security Alert). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n <strong>Accept<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i &#8220;d\u1ea5u v\u00e2n tay&#8221; c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Nh\u1eadp Username v\u00e0 Password<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng <code>login as:<\/code>. B\u1ea1n h\u00e3y g\u00f5 <code>root<\/code> r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5n Enter. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Truy-cap-VPS-Linux-qua-SSH-bang-PuTTY-01.png\" alt=\"Truy c\u1eadp VPS Linux qua SSH b\u1eb1ng PuTTY 01\" width=\"817\" height=\"517\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng: Khi b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Linux. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5n Enter. N\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y d\u00f2ng ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o VPS.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Truy-cap-VPS-Linux-qua-SSH-bang-PuTTY-02.png\" alt=\"Truy c\u1eadp VPS Linux qua SSH b\u1eb1ng PuTTY 02\" width=\"821\" height=\"513\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dang-nhap-tren-macOS-Linux-dung-Terminal\"><\/span>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u00ean macOS &amp; Linux (d\u00f9ng Terminal)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng macOS v\u00e0 Linux c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i t\u1edbi VPS m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00f4ng qua \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Terminal c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: M\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Terminal<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ean macOS, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ph\u00edm <code>Command + Space<\/code>, g\u00f5 &#8220;Terminal&#8221; v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter. Tr\u00ean Linux, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng <code>Ctrl + Alt + T<\/code> ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm trong menu \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00fa ph\u00e1p l\u1ec7nh <\/strong><code><strong>ssh<\/strong><\/code><\/p>\n<p>Trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Terminal, b\u1ea1n g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh theo c\u00fa ph\u00e1p sau:<\/p>\n<p><code>ssh username@ip_address<\/code><\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code>ssh root@103.22.11.45<\/code><\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu VPS c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed5ng SSH kh\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng 22 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u00e3y th\u00eam <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tham-so-parameter-la-gi\/\">tham s\u1ed1<\/a> <code>-p<\/code> v\u00e0o c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh:<\/p>\n<p><code>ssh username@ip_address -p YOUR_PORT<\/code><\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code>ssh root@103.22.11.45 -p 2222<\/code><\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sau khi nh\u1ea5n Enter, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng <code>root<\/code>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 PuTTY, m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb khi g\u00f5. Nh\u1eadp xong v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-dang-nhap-VPS-bang-SSH-key-Tuy-chon-nang-cao\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS b\u1eb1ng SSH key (T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn n\u00e2ng cao)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u tuy \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n r\u1ee7i ro n\u1ebfu m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u y\u1ebfu. <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ssh-key-la-gi\/\">SSH key<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a: m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (public key) \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean VPS v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (private key) l\u01b0u tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH Key mang l\u1ea1i hai l\u1ee3i \u00edch ch\u00ednh. Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, vi\u1ec7c b\u1ebb kh\u00f3a m\u1ed9t SSH key g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c d\u00f2 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. Th\u1ee9 hai, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o VPS m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, gi\u00fap qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Quy tr\u00ecnh c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH key bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a SSH<\/strong> tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Sao ch\u00e9p n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a public key<\/strong> l\u00ean VPS, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o file <code>~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh SSH client<\/strong> (PuTTY ho\u1eb7c Terminal) \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng private key khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Tao-SSH-Key-01-1.png\" alt=\"T\u1ea1o SSH Key\" class=\"aligncenter\" title=\"\"><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-thuong-gap-khi-dang-nhap-VPS-va-cach-xu-ly\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, \u0111\u00f4i khi b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch InterData h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-Connection-refused\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i Connection refused<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 do d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH tr\u00ean VPS ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp sai c\u1ed5ng (Port). M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tuong-lua-firewall\/\">t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/a> tr\u00ean VPS \u0111ang ch\u1eb7n c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u1ed5ng SSH b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp. Li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda ch\u1eb7n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-Connection-timed-out\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i Connection timed out<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i n\u00e0o t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp sai \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, ho\u1eb7c VPS \u0111ang trong t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u1eaft, treo ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong> H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn. Th\u1eed <code>ping<\/code> \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 xem c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i VPS trong b\u1ea3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-Permission-denied-publickey-password\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i Permission denied (publickey, password)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 do b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp sai t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. H\u00e3y nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u trong Linux c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t ch\u1eef hoa v\u00e0 ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong> Nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 sao ch\u00e9p m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u t\u1eeb email c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 d\u00e1n v\u00e0o PuTTY (b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i) \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00f5 sai.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot-so-meo-bao-mat-khi-dang-nhap-VPS\"><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb9o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u00e0m l\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho &#8220;ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0&#8221; m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng (brute-force attack) nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean Internet.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thay-doi-Port-SSH-mac-dinh-22\"><\/span>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i Port SSH m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh (22)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c bot t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u00e9t c\u1ed5ng 22 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ed5ng SSH sang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 2222, 3456) s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n &#8220;v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh&#8221; tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tat-quyen-dang-nhap-truc-tiep-cua-user-root\"><\/span>T\u1eaft quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a user <code>root<\/code><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>T\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n <code>root<\/code> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c cao nh\u1ea5t, v\u00ec v\u1eady vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ed9 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u <code>root<\/code> l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 nguy hi\u1ec3m. M\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t l\u00e0 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh <code>su<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>sudo<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5m \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n <code>root<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su-dung-mat-khau-manh-hoac-SSH-Key\"><\/span>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ea1nh ho\u1eb7c SSH Key<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u m\u1ea1nh: d\u00e0i, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ch\u1eef hoa, ch\u1eef th\u01b0\u1eddng, s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, InterData khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch b\u1ea1n chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH key. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n v\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c an to\u00e0n cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-ket\"><\/span>L\u1eddi k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o VPS l\u00e0 c\u1eeda ng\u00f5 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m theo h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o. H\u00e3y lu\u00f4n nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng, song song v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xem nh\u1eb9.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u1eadn t\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tham kh\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <\/strong><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\"><strong>VPS Gi\u00e1 R\u1ebb &#8211; Uy T\u00edn &#8211; Ch\u1ea5t L\u01b0\u1ee3ng Cao<\/strong><\/a><strong> t\u1ea1i InterData<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t VPS m\u1edf ra nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 n\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a InterData s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn b\u1ea1n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp VPS tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31274,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31272","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vps"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31272","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31272"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31272\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31450,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31272\/revisions\/31450"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31274"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31272"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31272"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31272"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}