{"id":31160,"date":"2025-06-30T09:43:16","date_gmt":"2025-06-30T02:43:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=31160"},"modified":"2025-06-30T09:46:31","modified_gmt":"2025-06-30T02:46:31","slug":"su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPS Linux qua SSH"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#PuTTY-la-gi\" >PuTTY l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Chuan-bi-truoc-khi-ket-noi-VPS\" >Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Cai-dat-va-mo-PuTTY\" >C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u1edf PuTTY<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Ket-noi-VPS-Linux-bang-mat-khau\" >K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPS Linux b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-1-Nhap-thong-tin-Host-Name-va-Port\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin Host Name v\u00e0 Port<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-2-Luu-phien-ket-noi-Save-Session\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u01b0u phi\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Save Session)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-3-Mo-ket-noi-va-chap-nhan-Host-Key\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: M\u1edf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Host Key<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-4-Dang-nhap-bang-Username-va-Mat-khau\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng Username v\u00e0 M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Ket-noi-bang-SSH-key-voi-PuTTYgen\" >K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng SSH key v\u1edbi PuTTYgen<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-1-Tao-cap-PublicPrivate-Key-bang-PuTTYgen\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p Public\/Private Key b\u1eb1ng PuTTYgen<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-2-Luu-Private-Key-dinh-dang-ppk-vao-may-tinh\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u01b0u Private Key (\u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng .ppk) v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-3-Them-Public-Key-vao-file-authorized-keys-tren-VPS\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Th\u00eam Public Key v\u00e0o file authorized_keys tr\u00ean VPS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Buoc-4-Cau-hinh-PuTTY-su-dung-Private-Key\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PuTTY s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Private Key<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Xu-ly-loi-thuong-gap-khi-dung-PuTTY\" >X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi d\u00f9ng PuTTY<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Loi-%E2%80%9CConnection-timed-out%E2%80%9D\" >L\u1ed7i &#8220;Connection timed out&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Loi-%E2%80%9CConnection-refused%E2%80%9D\" >L\u1ed7i &#8220;Connection refused&#8221;<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Loi-%E2%80%9CNo-supported-authentication-methods-available%E2%80%9D-%E2%80%9CServer-refused-our-key%E2%80%9D\" >L\u1ed7i &#8220;No supported authentication methods available&#8221; \/ &#8220;Server refused our key&#8221;<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Kinh-nghiem-su-dung-PuTTY-hieu-qua-hon\" >Kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Cach-luu-lai-cac-phien-ket-noi-Session\" >C\u00e1ch l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c phi\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Session)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Tuy-chinh-giao-dien-Font-chu-mau-sac\" >T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n (Font ch\u1eef, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Thao-tac-Copy-Paste-nhanh-chong\" >Thao t\u00e1c Copy &amp; Paste nhanh ch\u00f3ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Cau-hinh-%E2%80%9CKeepalive%E2%80%9D-de-chong-tu-ngat-ket-noi\" >C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh &#8220;Keepalive&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Sau-khi-ket-noi-thanh-cong\" >Sau khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#FAQ-%E2%80%93-Cau-hoi-thuong-gap\" >FAQ \u2013 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#PuTTY-co-mien-phi-va-an-toan-khong\" >PuTTY c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#PuTTY-khac-gi-voi-CMD-hay-PowerShell\" >PuTTY kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi CMD hay PowerShell?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Lam-the-nao-de-su-dung-PuTTY-tren-macOS-hoac-Linux\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY tr\u00ean macOS ho\u1eb7c Linux?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/su-dung-putty-ket-noi-vps-linux-ssh\/#Tai-sao-mat-khau-khong-hien-ra-khi-toi-go\" >T\u1ea1i sao m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n ra khi t\u00f4i g\u00f5?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o (VPS) l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Windows \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. PuTTY ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean server Linux m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY, t\u1eeb c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 SSH key, \u0111\u1ebfn x\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1eb9o t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PuTTY-la-gi\"><\/span>PuTTY l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>PuTTY l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp terminal (terminal emulator) mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t SSH client, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t k\u00eanh giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 t\u1eeb xa, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ea1y h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Linux.<\/p>\n<p>L\u00fd do PuTTY \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin d\u00f9ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00ednh g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cao. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd VPS ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t file th\u1ef1c thi duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTY.jpg\" alt=\"PuTTY\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31164\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTY.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTY-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTY-360x180.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuan-bi-truoc-khi-ket-noi-VPS\"><\/span>Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4n s\u1ebb, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 VPS c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/VPS.jpg\" alt=\"VPS\" width=\"600\" height=\"344\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30877\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/VPS.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/VPS-300x172.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 checklist nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n tr\u00ean Internet (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: <code>103.179.189.212<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>Port SSH:<\/strong> C\u1ed5ng giao ti\u1ebfp cho k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH. Theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a IANA (Internet Assigned Numbers Authority), c\u1ed5ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 <code>22<\/code>. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Username:<\/strong> T\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n cao nh\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <code>root<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u (Password):<\/strong> M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi username <code>root<\/code>, do nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eedi cho b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>(T\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn) SSH Key:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c n\u00e2ng cao, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t file kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang (private key) thay cho m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cai-dat-va-mo-PuTTY\"><\/span>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 m\u1edf PuTTY<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t PuTTY tr\u00ean Windows r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp trang web ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i <code>putty.org<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i trang t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t (Installer &#8211; .msi):<\/strong> Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1ebd th\u00eam PuTTY v\u00e0o menu Start v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3n ch\u1ea1y ngay (Portable &#8211; .exe):<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t file th\u1ef1c thi duy nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u01b0u v\u00e0o USB v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Windows n\u00e0o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1edf file l\u00ean. Giao di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a PuTTY s\u1ebd hi\u1ec7n ra, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u phi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket-noi-VPS-Linux-bang-mat-khau\"><\/span>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i VPS Linux b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi VPS. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 g\u1ed3m v\u00e0i b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n tr\u00ean giao di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a PuTTY.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/VPS-Linux-01.jpg\" alt=\"VPS Linux\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30298\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/VPS-Linux-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/VPS-Linux-01-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-1-Nhap-thong-tin-Host-Name-va-Port\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin Host Name v\u00e0 Port<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tr\u00ean c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 PuTTY Configuration, b\u1ea1n t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4 <strong>Host Name (or IP address)<\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a VPS \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb. Ngay b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u00f4 <strong>Port<\/strong> hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb <code>22<\/code> (ho\u1eb7c c\u1ed5ng SSH t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n) v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c <strong>Connection type<\/strong> \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 <code>SSH<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-2-Luu-phien-ket-noi-Save-Session\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u01b0u phi\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Save Session)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng tin IP m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y nh\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u00ean g\u1ee3i nh\u1edb (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: &#8220;VPS InterData&#8221;) v\u00e0o \u00f4 <strong>Saved Sessions<\/strong> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Save<\/strong>. L\u1ea7n sau, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5p \u0111\u00fap v\u00e0o t\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-3-Mo-ket-noi-va-chap-nhan-Host-Key\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: M\u1edf k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Host Key<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Open<\/strong> \u1edf d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi, PuTTY s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt <strong>PuTTY Security Alert<\/strong> v\u1ec1 kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh danh c\u1ee7a server (host key). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5n <strong>Accept<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-4-Dang-nhap-bang-Username-va-Mat-khau\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1eb1ng Username v\u00e0 M\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh m\u00e0u \u0111en s\u1ebd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp t\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng <code>login as:<\/code>. B\u1ea1n g\u00f5 <code>root<\/code> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter. Ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd quan tr\u1ecdng:<\/strong> Khi b\u1ea1n g\u00f5 ho\u1eb7c d\u00e1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd <strong>kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb<\/strong> b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 n\u00e0o (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 d\u1ea5u <code>*<\/code>). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Linux. H\u00e3y nh\u1eadp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket-noi-bang-SSH-key-voi-PuTTYgen\"><\/span>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng SSH key v\u1edbi PuTTYgen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng SSH key l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00ec m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u. Thay v\u00ec g\u1eedi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u qua m\u1ea1ng, c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a m\u00e3 h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTYgen.jpg\" alt=\"PuTTYgen\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31165\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTYgen.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/PuTTYgen-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-1-Tao-cap-PublicPrivate-Key-bang-PuTTYgen\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: T\u1ea1o c\u1eb7p Public\/Private Key b\u1eb1ng PuTTYgen<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>PuTTY \u0111i k\u00e8m m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ean l\u00e0 PuTTYgen (PuTTY Key Generator) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd kh\u00f3a. B\u1ea1n m\u1edf PuTTYgen l\u00ean, ch\u1ecdn lo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a l\u00e0 <strong>RSA<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ed1 bit l\u00e0 <code>2048<\/code> ho\u1eb7c cao h\u01a1n. Nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Generate<\/strong> v\u00e0 di chuy\u1ec3n chu\u1ed9t ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean trong v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u1eb7p kh\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-2-Luu-Private-Key-dinh-dang-ppk-vao-may-tinh\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: L\u01b0u Private Key (\u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng .ppk) v\u00e0o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi t\u1ea1o xong, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai (public key) trong \u00f4 v\u0103n b\u1ea3n ph\u00eda tr\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y l\u01b0u kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 (private key) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Save private key<\/strong>. PuTTY s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u (passphrase) \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00eam cho kh\u00f3a n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y l\u01b0u file v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng <code>.ppk<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-3-Them-Public-Key-vao-file-authorized-keys-tren-VPS\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Th\u00eam Public Key v\u00e0o file <code>authorized_keys<\/code> tr\u00ean VPS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, b\u1ea1n sao ch\u00e9p to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1 trong \u00f4 <strong>Public key for pasting into OpenSSH authorized_keys file<\/strong>. \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o VPS b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u (l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng), sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh sau \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf file <code>authorized_keys<\/code> v\u00e0 d\u00e1n n\u1ed9i dung public key v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-plaintext\">mkdir -p ~\/.ssh &amp;&amp; chmod 700 ~\/.ssh\r\nnano ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>D\u00e1n public key, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1ea5n <code>Ctrl+X<\/code>, r\u1ed3i <code>Y<\/code> v\u00e0 <code>Enter<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n cho file:<\/p>\n<pre><code class=\"language-plaintext\">chmod 600 ~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-4-Cau-hinh-PuTTY-su-dung-Private-Key\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PuTTY s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Private Key<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1edf l\u1ea1i PuTTY, t\u1ea3i session \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u. \u1ede menu b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn <strong>Connection &gt; SSH &gt; Auth<\/strong>. Nh\u1ea5n n\u00fat <strong>Browse&#8230;<\/strong> \u1edf m\u1ee5c <strong>Private key file for authentication<\/strong> v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebfn file <code>.ppk<\/code> b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc 2. Quay l\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c Session v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n <strong>Save<\/strong> l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>T\u1eeb gi\u1edd, m\u1ed7i khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, PuTTY s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xu-ly-loi-thuong-gap-khi-dung-PuTTY\"><\/span>X\u1eed l\u00fd l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi d\u00f9ng PuTTY<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p l\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-%E2%80%9CConnection-timed-out%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i &#8220;Connection timed out&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 do t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda (firewall) tr\u00ean VPS \u0111ang ch\u1eb7n c\u1ed5ng SSH, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh firewall tr\u00ean VPS (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 UFW, CSF) \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng c\u1ed5ng <code>22<\/code> \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i internet c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-%E2%80%9CConnection-refused%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i &#8220;Connection refused&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH (<code>sshd<\/code>) tr\u00ean VPS kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp sai c\u1ed5ng SSH.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 SSH \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean server. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n li\u00ean h\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra. Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i c\u1ed5ng SSH b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadp trong PuTTY c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-%E2%80%9CNo-supported-authentication-methods-available%E2%80%9D-%E2%80%9CServer-refused-our-key%E2%80%9D\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i &#8220;No supported authentication methods available&#8221; \/ &#8220;Server refused our key&#8221;<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng SSH key. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do kh\u00f3a ri\u00eang t\u01b0 b\u1ea1n d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi kh\u00f3a c\u00f4ng khai tr\u00ean server, ho\u1eb7c file <code>authorized_keys<\/code> b\u1ecb sai quy\u1ec1n (permission).<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c:<\/strong> Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i xem b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh PuTTY s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang file <code>.ppk<\/code> ch\u01b0a. Tr\u00ean server, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o file <code>~\/.ssh\/authorized_keys<\/code> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 <code>600<\/code> v\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c <code>~\/.ssh<\/code> c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 <code>700<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kinh-nghiem-su-dung-PuTTY-hieu-qua-hon\"><\/span>Kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c n\u1eafm v\u1eefng v\u00e0i th\u1ee7 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi PuTTY.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-luu-lai-cac-phien-ket-noi-Session\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c phi\u00ean k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (Session)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp, vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i session gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u session kh\u00e1c nhau cho nhi\u1ec1u VPS kh\u00e1c nhau, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuy-chinh-giao-dien-Font-chu-mau-sac\"><\/span>T\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh giao di\u1ec7n (Font ch\u1eef, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Giao di\u1ec7n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a PuTTY c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i kh\u00f3 nh\u00ecn. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i font ch\u1eef, k\u00edch c\u1ee1 v\u00e0 m\u00e0u s\u1eafc trong m\u1ee5c <strong>Window &gt; Appearance<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>Window &gt; Colours<\/strong>. Ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t font l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 <code>Consolas<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>Cascadia Code<\/code> s\u1ebd gi\u00fap m\u1eaft b\u1ea1n tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i h\u01a1n khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c l\u00e2u.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thao-tac-Copy-Paste-nhanh-chong\"><\/span>Thao t\u00e1c Copy &amp; Paste nhanh ch\u00f3ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>PuTTY c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf copy-paste kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Windows th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Copy:<\/strong> Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng chu\u1ed9t b\u00f4i \u0111en \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 PuTTY, \u0111o\u1ea1n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p v\u00e0o clipboard.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Paste:<\/strong> \u0110\u1eb7t con tr\u1ecf t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed mu\u1ed1n d\u00e1n v\u00e0 <strong>nh\u1ea5n chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i<\/strong>. N\u1ed9i dung t\u1eeb clipboard s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00e1n v\u00e0o.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hinh-%E2%80%9CKeepalive%E2%80%9D-de-chong-tu-ngat-ket-noi\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh &#8220;Keepalive&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 ng\u1eaft k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u1eaft c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sau m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c <strong>Connection<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho <strong>Seconds between keepalives<\/strong> l\u00e0 <code>30<\/code>. PuTTY s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eedi g\u00f3i tin r\u1ed7ng sau m\u1ed7i 30 gi\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Sau-khi-ket-noi-thanh-cong\"><\/span>Sau khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i SSH an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ebfn VPS l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u quan tr\u1ecdng, m\u1edf ra c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t web server, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>B\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean sau khi \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch truy\u1ec1n file gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 VPS. PuTTY c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 <strong>PSCP<\/strong> (PuTTY Secure Copy) v\u00e0 <strong>PSFTP<\/strong> (PuTTY SFTP) \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cao, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p VPS uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Tham kh\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\">VPS gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb uy t\u00edn &#8211; SSD NVMe t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao &#8211; H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FAQ-%E2%80%93-Cau-hoi-thuong-gap\"><\/span>FAQ \u2013 C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PuTTY-co-mien-phi-va-an-toan-khong\"><\/span>PuTTY c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3, PuTTY ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c SSH, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u truy\u1ec1n \u0111i gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 VPS \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e3 h\u00f3a m\u1ea1nh, gi\u00fap ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi nghe l\u00e9n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PuTTY-khac-gi-voi-CMD-hay-PowerShell\"><\/span>PuTTY kh\u00e1c g\u00ec v\u1edbi CMD hay PowerShell?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>CMD v\u00e0 PowerShell l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Windows, d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh Windows. PuTTY l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t SSH client, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb xa (nh\u01b0 server Linux) qua m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam-the-nao-de-su-dung-PuTTY-tren-macOS-hoac-Linux\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng PuTTY tr\u00ean macOS ho\u1eb7c Linux?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux v\u00e0 macOS \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh SSH client t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng Terminal. B\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e0i PuTTY. Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n m\u1edf Terminal v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng l\u1ec7nh <code>ssh username@ip_address<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai-sao-mat-khau-khong-hien-ra-khi-toi-go\"><\/span>T\u1ea1i sao m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec7n ra khi t\u00f4i g\u00f5?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Unix\/Linux \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c nh\u00ecn tr\u1ed9m m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n qua vai. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn \u0111ang ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp. H\u00e3y c\u1ee9 g\u00f5 ho\u1eb7c d\u00e1n m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5n Enter.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o (VPS) l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn VPS t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Windows \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. PuTTY ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean server Linux m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":31166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-31160","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vps"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31160","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=31160"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31160\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":31168,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/31160\/revisions\/31168"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31166"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=31160"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=31160"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=31160"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}