{"id":30969,"date":"2025-06-26T12:32:36","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T05:32:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=30969"},"modified":"2025-06-26T12:54:08","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T05:54:08","slug":"dhcp-server-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"DHCP Server l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-server-la-gi\" >DHCP server l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\" >DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Buoc-1-Discover-Kham-pha\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Discover (Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Buoc-2-Offer-De-nghi\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Offer (\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Buoc-3-Request-Yeu-cau\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Request (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Buoc-4-Acknowledge-Xac-nhan\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Acknowledge (X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Vai-tro-cua-DHCP-trong-he-thong-mang\" >Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a DHCP trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Tu-dong-hoa-quan-ly-IP\" >T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd IP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Giam-thieu-sai-sot\" >Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u sai s\u00f3t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Quan-ly-tap-trung-va-linh-hoat\" >Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Cau-truc-va-thanh-phan-cua-DHCP\" >C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a DHCP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-Scope-IP-Pool\" >DHCP Scope \/ IP Pool<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-Lease-Time\" >DHCP Lease Time<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-Reservation\" >DHCP Reservation<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Gateway-Subnet-Mask-DNS-Server\" >Gateway, Subnet Mask, DNS Server<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#DHCP-vs-Static-IP-%E2%80%93-So-sanh-nhanh\" >DHCP vs Static IP \u2013 So s\u00e1nh nhanh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Cach-cau-hinh-DHCP-server-co-ban\" >C\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP server c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-Router-WiFi\" >C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean Router WiFi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Gioi-thieu-cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-Windows-Server\" >Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean Windows Server<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Mot-so-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-xu-ly\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Loi-khong-nhan-duoc-dia-chi-IP-Limited-Access\" >L\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (Limited Access)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Loi-xung-dot-dia-chi-IP-IP-Conflict\" >L\u1ed7i xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (IP Conflict)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Loi-tu-nhan-dai-IP-169254xx-APIPA\" >L\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea3i IP 169.254.x.x (APIPA)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-server-la-gi\/#Tong-ket\" >T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng WiFi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hay m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2y \u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng di\u1ec5n ra th\u1eadt li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. DHCP Server ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng&#8221; gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-server-la-gi\"><\/span>DHCP server l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>DHCP Server (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol Server) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng, nh\u01b0 router ho\u1eb7c switch, c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch DHCP) khi ch\u00fang k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng. DHCP Server gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng cho t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP Server\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30972\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung DHCP Server nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd chung c\u01b0 th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i. Khi m\u1ed9t &#8220;c\u01b0 d\u00e2n&#8221; m\u1edbi (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n) chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p cho h\u1ecd m\u1ed9t &#8220;\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 c\u0103n h\u1ed9&#8221; (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP) duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 sinh s\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, k\u00e8m theo &#8220;ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a c\u1ed5ng ch\u00ednh&#8221; (Default Gateway) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i ra ngo\u00e0i Internet.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/\">DHCP<\/a>, c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eebng m\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u1edbn v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c. M\u1ecdi quy tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\"><\/span>DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a DHCP kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb m\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t &#8220;cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i&#8221; g\u1ed3m 4 b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (DHCP Client) v\u00e0 DHCP Server. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DORA, vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1n giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: Discover, Offer, Request, v\u00e0 Acknowledge.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/So-do-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP-Server.jpg\" alt=\"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DHCP Server\" width=\"600\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30971\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/So-do-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP-Server.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/So-do-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP-Server-300x120.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-1-Discover-Kham-pha\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Discover (Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. \u0110\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd g\u1eedi \u0111i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin (packet) \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 <strong>DHCPDISCOVER<\/strong>. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 (broadcast) ra to\u00e0n m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p: &#8220;C\u00f3 DHCP Server n\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-2-Offer-De-nghi\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Offer (\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c DHCP Server trong m\u1ea1ng khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i tin DHCPDISCOVER s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin <strong>DHCPOFFER<\/strong>. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 192.168.1.101), th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian cho thu\u00ea (Lease Time), v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh Server g\u1eedi \u0111i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-3-Request-Yeu-cau\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Request (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t. Sau khi ch\u1ecdn, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin <strong>DHCPREQUEST<\/strong>. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Server nh\u01b0ng b\u00ean trong c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ecbnh danh Server m\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn, v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p: &#8220;T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd thu\u00ea \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP n\u00e0y t\u1eeb Server X.&#8221;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-4-Acknowledge-Xac-nhan\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 4: Acknowledge (X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>DHCP Server \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin <strong>DHCPACK<\/strong> (Acknowledge) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p c\u00f9ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai-tro-cua-DHCP-trong-he-thong-mang\"><\/span>Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a DHCP trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng DHCP mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i \u00edch v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 to l\u1edbn, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng t\u1eeb quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a DHCP th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 qua ba ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP Server\" width=\"600\" height=\"309\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30970\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tu-dong-hoa-quan-ly-IP\"><\/span>T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd IP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t. Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean Server. M\u1ecdi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t IP t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng cho m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng 200 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ed1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giam-thieu-sai-sot\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u sai s\u00f3t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1eafc l\u1ed7i khi nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh IP th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t nh\u01b0 g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1, ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (IP Conflict), g\u00e2y ra gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u1ea1ng cho c\u1ea3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. DHCP lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u1ee7i ro n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan-ly-tap-trung-va-linh-hoat\"><\/span>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi c\u00f4ng ty b\u1ea1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p DNS, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 DNS tr\u00ean DHCP Server. \u1ede l\u1ea7n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp theo, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y kh\u00e1ch s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-truc-va-thanh-phan-cua-DHCP\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a DHCP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, m\u1ed9t DHCP Server qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh quan tr\u1ecdng. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-Scope-IP-Pool\"><\/span>DHCP Scope \/ IP Pool<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>DHCP Scope l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea3i (ph\u1ea1m vi) c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 Server \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho client. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a m\u1ed9t Scope t\u1eeb 192.168.1.100 \u0111\u1ebfn 192.168.1.250. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u IP s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 trong ph\u1ea1m vi n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-Lease-Time\"><\/span>DHCP Lease Time<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c &#8220;cho thu\u00ea&#8221;. Sau khi h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, client ph\u1ea3i gia h\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, IP s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i v\u1ec1 Pool \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea, Lease Time c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 1 gi\u1edd), nh\u01b0ng trong m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u01a1n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 8 ng\u00e0y).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-Reservation\"><\/span>DHCP Reservation<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p &#8220;\u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc&#8221; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3. DHCP Reservation r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y in m\u1ea1ng, camera an ninh, ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gateway-Subnet-Mask-DNS-Server\"><\/span>Gateway, Subnet Mask, DNS Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, DHCP Server c\u00f2n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n kh\u00e1c. <strong>Default Gateway<\/strong> l\u00e0 &#8220;c\u1eeda ng\u00f5&#8221; \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111i ra Internet. <strong>Subnet Mask<\/strong> gi\u00fap thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 hay kh\u00f4ng. <strong>DNS Server<\/strong> ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i t\u00ean mi\u1ec1n th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-vs-Static-IP-%E2%80%93-So-sanh-nhanh\"><\/span>DHCP vs Static IP \u2013 So s\u00e1nh nhanh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 DHCP r\u1ea5t ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IP t\u0129nh (Static IP). B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd so s\u00e1nh nhanh hai c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; color: black;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: blue; color: white;\">\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">IP \u0110\u1ed9ng (DHCP)<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">IP T\u0129nh (Static IP)<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody style=\"background-color: white;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">C\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">Ph\u1ea3i thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i Server.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">Kh\u00f3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i sau khi h\u1ebft h\u1ea1n thu\u00ea.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">R\u1ee7i ro<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">\u00cdt r\u1ee7i ro, Server \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5p tr\u00f9ng IP.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">R\u1ee7i ro cao g\u00e2y xung \u0111\u1ed9t IP n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i (laptop, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid #555; padding: 8px;\">C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e1y in, router).<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng DHCP cho ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng IP t\u0129nh cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 truy c\u1eadp c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-cau-hinh-DHCP-server-co-ban\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP server c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf, DHCP Server th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c router WiFi. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP Server\" width=\"600\" height=\"309\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30970\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/DHCP-Server-01-300x155.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-Router-WiFi\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean Router WiFi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb router:<\/strong> M\u1edf tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a router (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 192.168.1.1 ho\u1eb7c 192.168.0.1).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp:<\/strong> S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a router.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ecm c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t DHCP:<\/strong> \u0110i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c <strong>Network -&gt; LAN<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>Advanced -&gt; DHCP Server<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp:<\/strong> T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 B\u1eadt\/T\u1eaft d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DHCP, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a d\u1ea3i IP c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t (Start IP Address, End IP Address), v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u1eddi gian Lease Time.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Gioi-thieu-cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-Windows-Server\"><\/span>Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean Windows Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, Windows Server cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 (Role) DHCP m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ed5ng quan bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc: M\u1edf <strong>Server Manager<\/strong>, ch\u1ecdn <strong>Add Roles and Features<\/strong>, t\u00edch ch\u1ecdn vai tr\u00f2 <strong>DHCP Server<\/strong> v\u00e0 l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 \u1ee7y quy\u1ec1n (authorize) cho Scope \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot-so-loi-thuong-gap-va-cach-xu-ly\"><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ngay c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 DHCP c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/\"><strong>InterData<\/strong><\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-khong-nhan-duoc-dia-chi-IP-Limited-Access\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (Limited Access)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng icon m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m than m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 DHCP tr\u00ean router\/server b\u1ecb t\u1eaft, d\u1ea3i IP \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t h\u1ebft, ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i d\u00e2y m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i WiFi.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i router v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1edf Command Prompt v\u00e0 g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh <code>ipconfig \/release<\/code> r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn <code>ipconfig \/renew<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh xin c\u1ea5p l\u1ea1i IP.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-xung-dot-dia-chi-IP-IP-Conflict\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (IP Conflict)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> Th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t IP t\u0129nh cho m\u00e1y c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3 n\u1eb1m trong d\u1ea3i c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t c\u1ee7a DHCP Server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong>\n<ol>\n<li>Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng.<\/li>\n<li>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u0129nh tr\u00ean thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loi-tu-nhan-dai-IP-169254xx-APIPA\"><\/span>L\u1ed7i t\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea3i IP 169.254.x.x (APIPA)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y DHCP Server, Windows s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 c\u1ea5p cho m\u00e1y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 trong d\u1ea3i 169.254.x.x. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>APIPA (Automatic Private IP Addressing)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n:<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho th\u1ea5y m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi DHCP Server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd:<\/strong> C\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 l\u1ed7i &#8220;Limited Access&#8221;. H\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u1eadt l\u00fd, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a router\/server v\u00e0 th\u1eed l\u1ea1i l\u1ec7nh <code>ipconfig \/renew<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tong-ket\"><\/span>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>DHCP Server l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u l\u1ed7i v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng m\u1ea1ng. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn DHCP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 th\u00f4ng tin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng WiFi t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea hay m\u1ea1ng d\u00e2y \u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng di\u1ec5n ra th\u1eadt li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb1ng sau s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9. DHCP Server ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f9ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng&#8221; gi\u00fap t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30972,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30969","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30969","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30969"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30969\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30975,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30969\/revisions\/30975"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30972"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30969"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30969"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30969"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}