{"id":30826,"date":"2025-06-24T10:19:15","date_gmt":"2025-06-24T03:19:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=30826"},"modified":"2025-06-24T10:20:32","modified_gmt":"2025-06-24T03:20:32","slug":"dia-chi-mac-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dia-chi-MAC-la-gi\" >\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Cau-truc-dia-chi-MAC\" >C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Chuan-48-bit-va-dinh-dang-HEX\" >Chu\u1ea9n 48-bit v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng HEX<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Ma-dinh-danh-nha-san-xuat-OUI\" >M\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (OUI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#So-nhan-dang-thiet-bi\" >S\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dia-chi-MAC-dung-de-lam-gi\" >\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dinh-danh-thiet-bi-duy-nhat\" >\u0110\u1ecbnh danh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Co-so-cho-viec-truyen-du-lieu\" >C\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tang-cuong-bao-mat-mang\" >T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Cach-kiem-tra-dia-chi-MAC-tren-cac-thiet-bi\" >C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tren-may-tinh-Windows-11-10\" >Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Windows (11, 10)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tren-may-tinh-macOS\" >Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh macOS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tren-dien-thoai-iPhone-iOS\" >Tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i iPhone (iOS)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tren-dien-thoai-Android\" >Tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i Android<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tren-routermodem\" >Tr\u00ean router\/modem<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Phan-biet-dia-chi-MAC-va-dia-chi-IP\" >Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dia-chi-MAC-co-thay-doi-duoc-khong\" >\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Co-thong-qua-MAC-Spoofing\" >C\u00f3, th\u00f4ng qua MAC Spoofing<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Tai-sao-can-thay-doi-MAC\" >T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i MAC?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Rui-ro-va-canh-bao\" >R\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Ung-dung-cua-dia-chi-MAC-trong-thuc-te\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Loc-thiet-bi-truy-cap-Wi-Fi\" >L\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy c\u1eadp Wi-Fi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Quan-ly-mang-doanh-nghiep\" >Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Xac-thuc-trong-mang-cong-cong\" >X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c trong m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-dia-chi-MAC-FAQ\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (FAQ)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Co-may-loai-dia-chi-MAC\" >C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dia-chi-MAC-co-bi-trung-khong\" >\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Loc-dia-chi-MAC-co-thuc-su-an-toan\" >L\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-mac-la-gi\/#Dia-chi-MAC-rieng-tu-tren-iPhoneAndroid-la-gi\" >\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u00ean iPhone\/Android l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bao-mat-mang\/\">b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng<\/a> t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp Wi-Fi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/\">InterData<\/a> s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea9m nang to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dia-chi-MAC-la-gi\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a <strong>Media Access Control<\/strong>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n cho m\u1ed7i card m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. H\u00e3y h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 &#8220;s\u1ed1 C\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;s\u1ed1 khung&#8221; c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfc xe m\u00e1y. M\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 laptop, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng hay router \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1edf h\u1eefu m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 <strong>v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/strong> v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e1n c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngay t\u1eeb khi s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN) c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 giao ti\u1ebfp ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30837\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-truc-dia-chi-MAC\"><\/span>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac n\u00e0y gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chuan-48-bit-va-dinh-dang-HEX\"><\/span>Chu\u1ea9n 48-bit v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng HEX<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n bao g\u1ed3m 48 bit, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng 12 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 c\u01a1 s\u1ed1 16 (hexadecimal &#8211; HEX). C\u00e1c k\u00fd t\u1ef1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh 6 c\u1eb7p, ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1edfi d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m (:) ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u g\u1ea1ch ngang (-). V\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng: <code>00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>00-1A-2B-3C-4D-5E<\/code>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ma-dinh-danh-nha-san-xuat-OUI\"><\/span>M\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t (OUI)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>24 bit \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 6 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u) c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>OUI (Organizational Unique Identifier)<\/strong>. M\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1edfi Vi\u1ec7n K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0110i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1eed (IEEE). Khi nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o OUI, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 do h\u00e3ng n\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 <code>00:1A:2B<\/code> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 h\u00e3ng Cisco.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-nhan-dang-thiet-bi\"><\/span>S\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>24 bit c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i (t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 6 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 cu\u1ed1i) l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng duy nh\u1ea5t do ch\u00ednh nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e1n cho t\u1eebng card m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. S\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa OUI v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dia-chi-MAC-dung-de-lam-gi\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao ti\u1ebfp trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh danh m\u00e0 c\u00f2n li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-01.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30832\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-01-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dinh-danh-thiet-bi-duy-nhat\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecbnh danh thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t danh t\u00ednh duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-lan\/\">m\u1ea1ng LAN<\/a>. Khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n g\u1eedi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ea1ng, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o g\u00f3i tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-so-cho-viec-truyen-du-lieu\"><\/span>C\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c truy\u1ec1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh 7 l\u1edbp OSI, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf T\u1ea7ng 2 (Data Link &#8211; T\u1ea7ng li\u00ean k\u1ebft d\u1eef li\u1ec7u). C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/switch-la-gi\/\">switch<\/a> s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng b\u1ea3ng chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ea1ch, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c khung d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (data frames) \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed5ng n\u00e0o, gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a lu\u1ed3ng traffic trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tang-cuong-bao-mat-mang\"><\/span>T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 <strong>l\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (MAC Filtering)<\/strong> tr\u00ean router. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t &#8220;danh s\u00e1ch tr\u1eafng&#8221; (whitelist) c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c &#8220;danh s\u00e1ch \u0111en&#8221; (blacklist) c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng Wi-Fi c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-kiem-tra-dia-chi-MAC-tren-cac-thiet-bi\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft khi b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng ho\u1eb7c nh\u1edd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft cho c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-02.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30834\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-02.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-02-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tren-may-tinh-Windows-11-10\"><\/span>Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Windows (11, 10)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>B\u1eb1ng Command Prompt (cmd)<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5n t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p ph\u00edm <code>Windows + R<\/code>, g\u00f5 <code>cmd<\/code> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter.<\/li>\n<li>Trong c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 Command Prompt, nh\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh <code>ipconfig \/all<\/code> v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5n Enter.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c card m\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (Wireless LAN adapter Wi-Fi ho\u1eb7c Ethernet adapter Ethernet). D\u00f2ng &#8220;Physical Address&#8221; ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>B\u1eb1ng giao di\u1ec7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/strong><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>V\u00e0o <strong>Settings &gt; Network &amp; <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">internet<\/a><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn <strong>Wi-Fi<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>Ethernet<\/strong> t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i b\u1ea1n \u0111ang d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o <strong>Hardware properties<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb t\u1ea1i d\u00f2ng &#8220;Physical address (MAC)&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tren-may-tinh-macOS\"><\/span>Tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh macOS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>M\u1edf <strong>System Settings<\/strong> (C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng) t\u1eeb menu Apple.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn <strong>Network<\/strong> (M\u1ea1ng) \u1edf thanh b\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Wi-Fi) r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o n\u00fat <strong>Details&#8230;<\/strong> (Chi ti\u1ebft&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li>Trong tab <strong>Hardware<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tren-dien-thoai-iPhone-iOS\"><\/span>Tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i iPhone (iOS)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>M\u1edf \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng <strong>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t (Settings)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn <strong>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t chung (General) &gt; Gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u (About)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecm d\u00f2ng <strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 Wi-Fi (Wi-Fi Address)<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a iPhone.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tren-dien-thoai-Android\"><\/span>Tr\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i Android<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ol>\n<li>M\u1edf <strong>C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t (Settings)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>K\u00e9o xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f9ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn <strong>Th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i (About phone)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn <strong>Th\u00f4ng tin tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i (Status information)<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1ee5c <strong>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC Wi-Fi c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (Device Wi-Fi MAC address)<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd: V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y v\u00e0o h\u00e3ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tren-routermodem\"><\/span>Tr\u00ean router\/modem<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a router ho\u1eb7c modem \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t tem d\u00e1n \u1edf m\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef MAC, LAN MAC ho\u1eb7c WAN MAC.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan-biet-dia-chi-MAC-va-dia-chi-IP\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh danh, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; border: 1px solid darkgray;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: blue; color: black;\">\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody style=\"background-color: white; color: black;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ea7ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ea7ng 2 (Data Link)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ea7ng 3 (Network)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">T\u00ednh thay \u0111\u1ed5i<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">C\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh, do nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t g\u00e1n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Linh ho\u1ea1t, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i (do nh\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea5p)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Ph\u1ea1m vi<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 (LAN)<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u (Internet)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">12 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 h\u1ec7 16 (HEX), VD: 00:1A:2B:3C:4D:5E<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">4 c\u1ee5m s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ipv4-la-gi\/\">IPv4<\/a>), VD: 192.168.1.1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">S\u1ed1 C\u0103n c\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e0 (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i khi chuy\u1ec3n nh\u00e0)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dia-chi-MAC-co-thay-doi-duoc-khong\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 <strong>c\u00f3<\/strong>, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thay \u0111\u1ed5i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 MAC Spoofing.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-03.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30835\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-03.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-03-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-thong-qua-MAC-Spoofing\"><\/span>C\u00f3, th\u00f4ng qua MAC Spoofing<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong>MAC Spoofing<\/strong> l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC m\u00e0 card m\u1ea1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cho h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb s\u1ebd &#8220;gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o&#8221; m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 kh\u00e1c khi giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai-sao-can-thay-doi-MAC\"><\/span>T\u1ea1i sao c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i MAC?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc MAC c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ho\u1eb7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 Internet c\u0169. Tuy nhi\u00ean, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 \u1ea9n danh ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rui-ro-va-canh-bao\"><\/span>R\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong m\u1ea1ng n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. Ngo\u00e0i ra, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MAC spoofing \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung-dung-cua-dia-chi-MAC-trong-thuc-te\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u1eefu \u00edch trong qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-04.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30836\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-04.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Dia-chi-MAC-04-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loc-thiet-bi-truy-cap-Wi-Fi\"><\/span>L\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb truy c\u1eadp Wi-Fi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0o trang qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb router, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb gia \u0111\u00ecnh (laptop, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean). Sau khi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 trong danh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng Wi-Fi, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m &#8220;d\u00f9ng ch\u00f9a&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan-ly-mang-doanh-nghiep\"><\/span>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/\">DHCP<\/a> Reservation<\/strong>. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 in) s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1ed7i khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Xac-thuc-trong-mang-cong-cong\"><\/span>X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c trong m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o Wi-Fi \u1edf s\u00e2n bay ho\u1eb7c qu\u00e1n c\u00e0 ph\u00ea v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp qua m\u1ed9t trang ch\u00e0o, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. L\u1ea7n sau khi b\u1ea1n quay l\u1ea1i, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp l\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-dia-chi-MAC-FAQ\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-may-loai-dia-chi-MAC\"><\/span>C\u00f3 m\u1ea5y lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u00f3 3 lo\u1ea1i: <strong>Unicast<\/strong> (ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb duy nh\u1ea5t), <strong>Multicast<\/strong> (ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb) v\u00e0 <strong>Broadcast<\/strong> (g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 <code>FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF<\/code>).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dia-chi-MAC-co-bi-trung-khong\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>V\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1edfi IEEE. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p do l\u1ed7i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c do h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC (MAC spoofing).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Loc-dia-chi-MAC-co-thuc-su-an-toan\"><\/span>L\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MAC spoofing \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho ph\u00e9p v\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua b\u1ed9 l\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dia-chi-MAC-rieng-tu-tren-iPhoneAndroid-la-gi\"><\/span>\u0110\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ri\u00eang t\u01b0 tr\u00ean iPhone\/Android l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1edbi tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh di \u0111\u1ed9ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean, kh\u00e1c nhau cho m\u1ed7i m\u1ea1ng Wi-Fi m\u00e0 n\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ea1ng theo d\u00f5i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng qua c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m truy c\u1eadp Wi-Fi kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 MAC mang l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p truy c\u1eadp Wi-Fi \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a InterData s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u1ea9m nang to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30837,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30826","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30826"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30826\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30839,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30826\/revisions\/30839"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30837"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}