{"id":28421,"date":"2025-05-21T15:45:16","date_gmt":"2025-05-21T08:45:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=28421"},"modified":"2025-05-21T16:09:49","modified_gmt":"2025-05-21T09:09:49","slug":"query-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng &#8211; C\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n (C\u00f3 v\u00ed d\u1ee5)"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Query-la-gi\" >Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Database-Query-la-gi\" >Database Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Ngon-ngu-truy-van-SQL-la-gi\" >Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n SQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query\" >C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Query<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Buoc-1-Nguoi-dung-tao-va-gui-truy-van\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Buoc-2-He-quan-tri-CSDL-tiep-nhan-va-xu-ly\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Buoc-3-Tuong-tac-voi-du-lieu-va-tra-ve-ket-qua\" >B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Cac-loai-Query-pho-bien-hien-nay\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Query ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy v\u1ea5n Query<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Vi-du-ve-SELECT-Query\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 SELECT Query<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Vi-du-ve-INSERT-Query\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 INSERT Query<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Vi-du-ve-UPDATE-Query\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 UPDATE Query<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Vi-du-ve-DELETE-Query\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 DELETE Query<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/#Cac-cach-thuc-hien-truy-van-du-lieu-pho-bien\" >C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;Truy v\u1ea5n&#8221; hay &#8220;Query&#8221;. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/\"><strong>Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/a>, c\u00e1ch truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda chi ti\u1ebft gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 Query.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Query-la-gi\"><\/span>Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n (Query)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ho\u1eb7c thao t\u00e1c v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin theo \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3.<\/p>\n<p>Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7u n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 &#8220;kho b\u00e1u&#8221; th\u00f4ng tin, truy v\u1ea5n cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n &#8220;n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n&#8221; v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n. Thay v\u00ec xem to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 l\u1ecdc ra ph\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m.<\/p>\n<p>C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (CSDL) ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trong c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng, c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng. Truy v\u1ea5n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o, c\u1ed9t n\u00e0o, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng n\u00e0o th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1eb7t ra. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28434\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28434\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Query-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28434\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Query-la-gi.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Query-la-gi-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Query-la-gi-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Query-la-gi-750x469.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28434\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a truy v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch xu\u1ea5t (l\u1ea5y ra) th\u00f4ng tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ti\u00eau ch\u00ed t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n ch\u1ecdn &#8211; SELECT), truy v\u1ea5n c\u00f2n cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi (INSERT), c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 (UPDATE) ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n ghi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft (DELETE).<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Database-Query-la-gi\"><\/span>Database Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Database query l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng (action query) ho\u1eb7c truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (select query). Trong \u0111\u00f3, select query gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb database, trong khi action query th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 ch\u00e8n, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt, x\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec3 database hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang nhu c\u1ea7u, n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng theo m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 query language.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ngon-ngu-truy-van-SQL-la-gi\"><\/span>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n SQL l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>SQL (Structured Query Language) l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a SQL ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a Microsoft, gi\u00fap th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>L\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng, SQL v\u00e0 MySQL l\u00e0 hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nhau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i SQL th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng SQL tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb SQL nh\u01b0 Oracle hay NuoDB. D\u00f9 SQL c\u1ee7a Microsoft l\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n kh\u00e1c, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u NoSQL v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ecb, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 Cassandra (CQL), DMX (Data Mining Extensions), Neo4j Cypher, hay XQuery.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"7:1-7:284\">L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t &#8220;l\u1eddi th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u&#8221; \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 truy v\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n? V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a truy v\u1ea5n di\u1ec5n ra theo m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc logic. N\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"9:1-9:250\">\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd gi\u1eefa b\u1ea1n, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1i sao truy v\u1ea5n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trung t\u00e2m trong l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean quan.<\/p>\n<h3 data-sourcepos=\"11:1-11:42\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-1-Nguoi-dung-tao-va-gui-truy-van\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"13:1-13:299\">M\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u khi b\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1eb7c mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t thao t\u00e1c tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a r\u00f5 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: mu\u1ed1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u g\u00ec, t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n n\u00e0o (b\u1ea3ng), v\u00e0 v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ea1n &#8220;t\u1ea1o&#8221; ra \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng truy v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"15:1-15:317\">Ti\u1ebfp theo, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng truy v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 SQL (Structured Query Language). C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh truy v\u1ea5n sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i, th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL (DBMS).<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28435\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28435\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Query\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28435\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-Query-750x469.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28435\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Query<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3 data-sourcepos=\"17:1-17:47\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-2-He-quan-tri-CSDL-tiep-nhan-va-xu-ly\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"19:1-19:205\">Khi truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00edch, H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DBMS) s\u1ebd l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfp nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y. DBMS \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e1c c\u1ed5ng&#8221; v\u00e0 &#8220;b\u1ed9 n\u00e3o&#8221; qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"21:1-21:337\">DBMS s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ph\u00e2n t\u00edch (parsing) c\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u1eef ngh\u0129a. Sau khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, DBMS s\u1ebd l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c thi truy v\u1ea5n. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a truy v\u1ea5n (Query Optimizer) s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00ean &#8220;chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c&#8221; t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i ng\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3 data-sourcepos=\"23:1-23:51\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Buoc-3-Tuong-tac-voi-du-lieu-va-tra-ve-ket-qua\"><\/span>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"25:1-25:312\">Sau khi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ef1c thi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn, DBMS b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1eadp tin d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u1eadt l\u00fd trong c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1eeb \u0111\u0129a, l\u1ecdc b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n ghi kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp, ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a truy v\u1ea5n (SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE).<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"27:1-27:288\">Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, DBMS s\u1ebd t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu l\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n SELECT, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3&#8221; (result set). T\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 g\u1eedi ng\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi truy v\u1ea5n, ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t chu tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p data-sourcepos=\"29:1-29:289\">B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u (truy v\u1ea5n) \u0111\u01b0a cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 th\u01b0 th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i (DBMS) c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 (C\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u). Th\u1ee7 th\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n, l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, t\u00ecm s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang (d\u1eef li\u1ec7u), v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a l\u1ea1i cho b\u1ea1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2 data-sourcepos=\"29:1-29:289\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-loai-Query-pho-bien-hien-nay\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Query ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft truy v\u1ea5n gi\u00fap ch\u00fang ta giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Nh\u01b0ng &#8220;giao ti\u1ebfp&#8221; \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 h\u1ecfi l\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng tin. T\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ch\u00fang s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00f3m theo m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch thao t\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n L\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (SELECT Query)<\/li>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n Th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (INSERT Query)<\/li>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (UPDATE Query)<\/li>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n X\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DELETE Query)<\/li>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n ch\u00e9o b\u1ea3ng (CROSSTAB Query)<\/li>\n<li>Truy v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng (MAKE TABLE Query)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy v\u1ea5n Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u00ecnh dung r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef SQL (Structured Query Language) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1eb1ng truy v\u1ea5n.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd minh h\u1ecda c\u00e1ch b\u1ea1n &#8220;n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n&#8221; v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng tin ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u00ean l\u00e0 <code>San_Pham<\/code> (S\u1ea3n Ph\u1ea9m) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t: <code>ID<\/code> (M\u00e3 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m &#8211; kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh), <code>Ten_SP<\/code> (T\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m), <code>Gia<\/code> (Gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m), v\u00e0 <code>So_Luong_Ton<\/code> (S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed3n kho) \u0111\u1ec3 minh h\u1ecda cho c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 sau. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u00e1n h\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_28436\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-28436\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query.jpg\" alt=\"V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy v\u1ea5n Query\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-28436\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Vi-du-cu-the-ve-truy-van-Query-750x469.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-28436\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">V\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 truy v\u1ea5n Query<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-ve-SELECT-Query\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 SELECT Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n SELECT, d\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n xem t\u00ean v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed3n kho l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10 \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eadp th\u00eam h\u00e0ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00f4ng tin \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh b\u1ea1n g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n SQL \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng sau:<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>SQL<\/p>\n<pre><code>SELECT Ten_SP, Gia\r\nFROM San_Pham\r\nWHERE So_Luong_Ton &gt; 10;\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>C\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng &#8220;Ch\u1ecdn&#8221; (<code>SELECT<\/code>) hai c\u1ed9t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 <code>Ten_SP<\/code> v\u00e0 <code>Gia<\/code>. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea5y &#8220;T\u1eeb b\u1ea3ng&#8221; (<code>FROM<\/code>) c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 <code>San_Pham<\/code>. M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;N\u01a1i m\u00e0&#8221; (<code>WHERE<\/code>) <code>So_Luong_Ton<\/code> &#8220;l\u1edbn h\u01a1n 10&#8221; l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecdc, ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng (b\u1ea3n ghi) s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng ti\u00eau ch\u00ed n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-ve-INSERT-Query\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 INSERT Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi v\u1eeba v\u1ec1 kho v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Truy v\u1ea5n INSERT s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c th\u00eam d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. B\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh (c\u1ed9t) c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n SQL \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1edbi v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng <code>San_Pham<\/code> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y:<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>SQL<\/p>\n<pre><code>INSERT INTO San_Pham (Ten_SP, Gia, So_Luong_Ton)\r\nVALUES ('Laptop ABC', 20000000, 50);\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>Truy v\u1ea5n n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng &#8220;Ch\u00e8n v\u00e0o&#8221; (<code>INSERT INTO<\/code>) b\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean <code>San_Pham<\/code>, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t s\u1ebd nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 <code>Ten_SP<\/code>, <code>Gia<\/code>, v\u00e0 <code>So_Luong_Ton<\/code>. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb kh\u00f3a &#8220;Gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb&#8221; (<code>VALUES<\/code>) theo sau l\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng (&#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217;, 20000000, 50) s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t d\u00f2ng m\u1edbi trong b\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-ve-UPDATE-Query\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 UPDATE Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo th\u1eddi gian do l\u1ea1m ph\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ed3n kho c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt khi c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c xu\u1ea5t. Truy v\u1ea5n UPDATE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong b\u1ea3ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi cho s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217; v\u1eeba th\u00eam v\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n SQL \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt gi\u00e1 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217; l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>SQL<\/p>\n<pre><code>UPDATE San_Pham\r\nSET Gia = 19500000\r\nWHERE Ten_SP = 'Laptop ABC';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>C\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u &#8220;C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt&#8221; (<code>UPDATE<\/code>) b\u1ea3ng <code>San_Pham<\/code>. M\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp&#8221; (<code>SET<\/code>) <code>Gia<\/code> b\u1eb1ng 19500000 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ed9t v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u <strong>c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;N\u01a1i m\u00e0&#8221; (<code>WHERE<\/code>) <code>Ten_SP<\/code> = &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217;, n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ec9 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u00ean n\u00e0y m\u1edbi b\u1ecb thay \u0111\u1ed5i gi\u00e1, tr\u00e1nh \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-ve-DELETE-Query\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 DELETE Query<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m ng\u1eebng kinh doanh, h\u1ebft h\u00e0ng v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb tr\u00f9ng l\u1eb7p\/sai s\u00f3t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7n x\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 kh\u1ecfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Truy v\u1ea5n DELETE gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi (d\u00f2ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u) kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n (n\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng WHERE).<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n SQL \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217; kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea3ng <code>San_Pham<\/code> l\u00e0:<\/p>\n<div>\n<p>SQL<\/p>\n<pre><code>DELETE FROM San_Pham\r\nWHERE Ten_SP = 'Laptop ABC';\r\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<\/div>\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y y\u00eau c\u1ea7u &#8220;X\u00f3a kh\u1ecfi&#8221; (<code>DELETE FROM<\/code>) b\u1ea3ng <code>San_Pham<\/code>. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 UPDATE, m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 &#8220;N\u01a1i m\u00e0&#8221; (<code>WHERE<\/code>) <code>Ten_SP<\/code> = &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217; l\u00e0 <strong>b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c<\/strong>. N\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3n ghi n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00ean s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 &#8216;Laptop ABC&#8217; m\u1edbi b\u1ecb x\u00f3a. N\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu WHERE, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ea3ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb x\u00f3a s\u1ea1ch.<\/p>\n<p>Qua c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3ng <code>San_Pham<\/code> n\u00e0y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, v\u00e0 DELETE \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u00ed d\u1ee5 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 query v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch &#8220;n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n&#8221; v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-cach-thuc-hien-truy-van-du-lieu-pho-bien\"><\/span>C\u00e1c c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n, vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u01a1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n truy v\u1ea5n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng tham s\u1ed1 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n m\u1ed9t tham s\u1ed1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 truy v\u1ea5n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thao t\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong mu\u1ed1n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng linh ho\u1ea1t n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1eabu c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n<\/strong>: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 m\u1eabu v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng tr\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e2u truy v\u1ea5n ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n<\/strong>: V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft truy v\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef query ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p (nh\u01b0 SQL, GraphQL, v.v.). C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, n\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng linh ho\u1ea1t cao v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ecdi lo\u1ea1i truy v\u1ea5n m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n theo v\u00ed d\u1ee5 (QBE)<\/strong>: Query By Example (QBE) l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p truy v\u1ea5n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t m\u1eabu bi\u1ec3u m\u1eabu cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb mong mu\u1ed1n. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Truy v\u1ea5n th\u00f4ng qua plugin c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c plugin c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u thao t\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 truy v\u1ea5n, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi v\u00e0i c\u00fa nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 plugin c\u00f2n t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u00ednh n\u0103ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy v\u1ea5n t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 Query, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Query l\u00e0 g\u00ec, n\u1eafm b\u1eaft quy tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qua ba b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea1ng truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c xem c\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 minh h\u1ecda c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, hy v\u1ecdng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 truy v\u1ea5n. N\u1eafm v\u1eefng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Query l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 ngu\u1ed3n th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a website c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00ean internet, vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-hosting\/\">thu\u00ea Hosting uy t\u00edn<\/a> l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo. Ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng hosting \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea3i trang v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng website c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<p>InterData cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thu\u00ea hosting gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t, bao g\u1ed3m CPU AMD EPYC m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD NVMe U.2 si\u00eau t\u1ed1c. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1edf h\u1eefu hosting ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 30k\/th\u00e1ng, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o website ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i Hosting, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\">thu\u00ea VPS gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/a> mang l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ee3i \u00edch thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. D\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 thu\u00ea <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/vps-linux\">VPS Linux<\/a> t\u1ea1i InterData s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ngSSD NVMe U.2 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, cung c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh linh ho\u1ea1t cao \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh server theo nhu c\u1ea7u h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp hay d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ri\u00eang. V\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed h\u1ee3p l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb 95K\/th\u00e1ng, kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f9ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 Uptime \u0111\u1ebfn 99.9%, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng SQL c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ng\u00e0y nay, d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c, t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u00f4ng tin. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 then ch\u1ed1t \u1ea5y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 &#8220;Truy v\u1ea5n&#8221; hay &#8220;Query&#8221;. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":28437,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[140],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28421","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-lap-trinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28421","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28421"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28421\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28869,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28421\/revisions\/28869"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28437"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28421"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28421"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28421"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}