{"id":28213,"date":"2025-05-10T15:01:19","date_gmt":"2025-05-10T08:01:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=28213"},"modified":"2025-05-10T15:46:10","modified_gmt":"2025-05-10T08:46:10","slug":"host-os-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Vai tr\u00f2, c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng | Host OS vs Guest OS"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-la-gi\" >Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Vai-tro-va-chuc-nang-chinh-cua-Host-OS-khong-the-bo-qua\" >Vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Host OS kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\" >Host OS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Cac-loai-Host-OS-pho-bien-hien-nay-va-vi-du-cu-the\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Host OS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#1-Microsoft-Windows\" >1. Microsoft Windows<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#2-Cac-ban-phan-phoi-Linux\" >2. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#3-Apple-macOS\" >3. Apple macOS<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-trong-cong-nghe-ao-hoa-Virtualization-Nen-tang-cot-loi\" >Host OS trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (Virtualization): N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-va-Hypervisor-Moi-quan-he-mat-thiet\" >Host OS v\u00e0 Hypervisor: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Phan-biet-chi-tiet-Host-OS-va-Guest-OS-He-dieu-hanh-khach\" >Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft Host OS v\u00e0 Guest OS (H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Nhung-yeu-to-can-can-nhac-khi-lam-viec-hoac-lua-chon-Host-OS\" >Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-Host-OS-FAQ\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 Host OS (FAQ)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-co-anh-huong-den-hieu-suat-may-ao-khong\" >Host OS c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Co-the-cai-nhieu-Guest-OS-tren-mot-Host-OS-khong\" >C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u Guest OS tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Host OS kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Lam-the-nao-de-kiem-tra-Host-OS-tren-may-tinh-cua-toi\" >L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra Host OS tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-nao-tot-nhat-cho-viec-tao-may-ao\" >Host OS n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y \u1ea3o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/#Host-OS-va-firmware-nhu-BIOSUEFI-khac-nhau-the-nao\" >Host OS v\u00e0 firmware (nh\u01b0 BIOS\/UEFI) kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a> \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ao-hoa-la-gi\/\">\u1ea3o h\u00f3a<\/a> ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n, t\u1eeb A-Z, v\u1ec1 Host OS, bao g\u1ed3m \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-la-gi\"><\/span>Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/host-os-la-gi\/\">Host OS (H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7)<\/a> l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, t\u1ea1o n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m kh\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Host OS l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u1ecdi t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28221\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-la-gi.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-la-gi-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, Host OS l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i sau khi firmware (nh\u01b0 BIOS ho\u1eb7c UEFI) ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m tra ban \u0111\u1ea7u. Host OS thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. S\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Host OS \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Host OS bao g\u1ed3m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 x\u1eed l\u00fd trung t\u00e2m (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-server\/\">CPU<\/a>), b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ram-server\/\">RAM<\/a>), thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef (nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD ho\u1eb7c HDD), v\u00e0 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ngo\u1ea1i vi kh\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n b\u1ed5 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Host OS \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u00e2n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (kernel) \u2013 ph\u1ea7n l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a OS \u2013 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (drivers), Host OS giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c v\u00ed d\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Host OS bao g\u1ed3m Microsoft Windows (nh\u01b0 Windows 10, Windows 11 cho m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n; <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/windows-server-la-gi\/\">Windows Server<\/a> cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7), c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">Linux<\/a> (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 Ubuntu, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-centos\/\">CentOS<\/a>, Debian), v\u00e0 macOS. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t l\u00e0m l\u1edbp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/server-vat-ly-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd<\/a> \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Host OS.<\/p>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a, Host OS c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/hypervisor-la-gi\/\">Hypervisor<\/a>. Hypervisor n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (Virtual Machines \u2013 VMs), m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y \u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/guest-os-la-gi\/\">Guest OS<\/a> (h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch) ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi nhau.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai-tro-va-chuc-nang-chinh-cua-Host-OS-khong-the-bo-qua\"><\/span>Vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Host OS kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Host OS gi\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n chia th\u1eddi gian s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng CPU cho c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh kh\u00e1c nhau, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng nh\u1edb RAM khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-01.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS 01\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28216\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-01.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-01-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1eadp tin (file system). Host OS t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef nh\u01b0 \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, SSD theo m\u1ed9t c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, truy xu\u1ea5t, x\u00f3a v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp tin m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. C\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u1eadp tin c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Host OS ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<p>Host OS cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, cho ph\u00e9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Giao di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 d\u00f2ng l\u1ec7nh (Command-Line Interface &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cli-command-line-interface\/\">CLI<\/a>) n\u01a1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda (Graphical <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ui-la-gi\/\">User Interface<\/a> &#8211; GUI) v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 v\u00e0 menu tr\u1ef1c quan. GUI gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng thao t\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, Host OS ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh (process management). M\u1ed7i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh. Host OS \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 chia s\u1ebb t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng. Vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o m\u1edbi, t\u1ea1m d\u1eebng, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c hay ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u do Host OS qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a Host OS. <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-server\/\">H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a> cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Host OS c\u0169ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 l\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n, gi\u1eef cho h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng an to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Host OS cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (system calls) v\u00e0 giao di\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-la-gi\/\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/a> \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng (Application Programming Interfaces &#8211; APIs). C\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Host OS th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p, nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ecdc\/ghi file ho\u1eb7c g\u1eedi\/nh\u1eadn d\u1eef li\u1ec7u qua m\u1ea1ng, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\"><\/span>Host OS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch Host OS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1eeb khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, firmware c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0 BIOS (Basic Input\/Output System) ho\u1eb7c UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface), s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<sup> <\/sup>(<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/post-la-gi\/\">POST<\/a> &#8211; Power-On Self-Test). Sau \u0111\u00f3, firmware s\u1ebd t\u00ecm v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng (bootloader) c\u1ee7a Host OS t\u1eeb thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-02.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS 02\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28217\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-02.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-02-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 t\u1ea3i nh\u00e2n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh (kernel) c\u1ee7a Host OS v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb RAM. Kernel l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a Host OS, ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i nh\u1ea5t. Khi kernel \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i, Host OS b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (drivers) c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p>Tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t cho ph\u00e9p kernel c\u1ee7a Host OS giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, card \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ecda, card m\u1ea1ng, chu\u1ed9t, b\u00e0n ph\u00edm \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 drivers t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 Host OS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi c\u00e1c drivers c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o, Host OS s\u1ebd kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh n\u1ec1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Host OS s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb giao di\u1ec7n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed7i khi b\u1ea1n b\u1eadt m\u00e1y.<\/p>\n<p>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, kernel c\u1ee7a Host OS li\u00ean t\u1ee5c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (system calls) v\u00e0 ng\u1eaft (interrupts). L\u1eddi g\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho ph\u00e9p \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 t\u1eeb kernel, trong khi ng\u1eaft b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-loai-Host-OS-pho-bien-hien-nay-va-vi-du-cu-the\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Host OS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Host OS, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i Host OS c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u01b0u v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m ri\u00eang, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-03.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS 03\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28218\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-03.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-03-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Microsoft-Windows\"><\/span>1. Microsoft Windows<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 Windows 10 v\u00e0 Windows 11 th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m Host OS. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a Type 2 nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vmware-la-gi\/\">VMware<\/a> Workstation ho\u1eb7c Oracle VirtualBox tr\u00ean c\u00e1c Host OS n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y \u1ea3o, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, Windows Server (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Windows Server 2019, Windows Server 2022) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Windows Server t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/hyper-v-la-gi\/\">Hyper-V<\/a>, cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u00e1y \u1ea3o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1edbi giao di\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd quen thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb Microsoft.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Cac-ban-phan-phoi-Linux\"><\/span>2. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Linux l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/open-source-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/a> v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 Ubuntu Desktop, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/fedora-la-gi\/\">Fedora<\/a>, hay Linux Mint th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m Host OS \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/kvm-la-gi\/\">KVM<\/a> (Kernel-based <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/virtual-machine-la-gi\/\">Virtual Machine<\/a>), VirtualBox. KVM \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n Linux, bi\u1ebfn Linux th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Hypervisor Type 1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ubuntu-server-la-gi\/\">Ubuntu Server<\/a>, CentOS Stream (tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 CentOS Linux), Debian, hay Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng Host OS h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn cao v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi KVM ho\u1eb7c Xen cho c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ea3o h\u00f3a quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cloud-computing-la-gi\/\">\u0111i\u1ec7n to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Apple-macOS\"><\/span>3. Apple macOS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh Mac c\u1ee7a Apple s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng macOS l\u00e0m Host OS. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Windows, macOS c\u0169ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a Type 2 nh\u01b0 Parallels Desktop v\u00e0 VMware Fusion. C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng macOS ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o Windows ho\u1eb7c Linux song song v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng macOS g\u1ed1c, r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n (n\u1ebfu c\u00f3), kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. M\u1ed7i h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1edbn, cung c\u1ea5p t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 phong ph\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-trong-cong-nghe-ao-hoa-Virtualization-Nen-tang-cot-loi\"><\/span>Host OS trong c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (Virtualization): N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (Virtualization) cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u1ea3o c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh, m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef ho\u1eb7c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. Trong ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u00e0y, Host OS \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, cung c\u1ea5p m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a, hay Hypervisor, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-04.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS 04\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28219\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-04.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-04-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong \u1ea3o h\u00f3a Type 2 (Hosted Virtualization), Host OS l\u00e0 l\u1edbp h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Hypervisor sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean Host OS n\u00e0y. Hypervisor s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (CPU, RAM, b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb, m\u1ea1ng) t\u1eeb Host OS \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VMs).<\/p>\n<p>Host OS ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Hypervisor v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ecdi t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa m\u00e1y \u1ea3o v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111i qua l\u1edbp Hypervisor v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Host OS (\u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Type 2). Do \u0111\u00f3, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a Host OS \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, Host OS th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p trong CPU hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 Intel VT-x (Virtualization Technology) v\u00e0 AMD-V (AMD Virtualization). C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t trong BIOS ho\u1eb7c UEFI c\u1ee7a Host OS \u0111\u1ec3 Hypervisor c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1i \u0111a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-va-Hypervisor-Moi-quan-he-mat-thiet\"><\/span>Host OS v\u00e0 Hypervisor: M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Hypervisor, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (Virtual Machine Monitor &#8211; VMM), l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, firmware ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o. M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa Host OS v\u00e0 Hypervisor ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i Hypervisor \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 Type 1 v\u00e0 Type 2.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hypervisor Type 2 (Hosted Hypervisor):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Host OS \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t s\u1eb5n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh bao g\u1ed3m Oracle VirtualBox, VMware Workstation, Parallels Desktop (tr\u00ean macOS). Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, Host OS qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, c\u00f2n Hypervisor Type 2 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean (CPU, RAM, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef) t\u1eeb Host OS \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o.<\/p>\n<p>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Hypervisor Type 2 l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ea7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111a d\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, do c\u00f3 th\u00eam l\u1edbp Host OS trung gian, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat so v\u1edbi Type 1.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hypervisor Type 1 (Bare-metal Hypervisor):<\/strong> Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t Host OS \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi. Hypervisor Type 1 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n, chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng cho vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y m\u00e1y \u1ea3o. V\u00ed d\u1ee5 bao g\u1ed3m <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/vmware-esxi-la-gi\/\">VMware ESXi<\/a>, Microsoft Hyper-V Server (phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp), Xen, v\u00e0 KVM (Kernel-based Virtual Machine) khi Linux \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p>KVM l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t module trong nh\u00e2n Linux, bi\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n Linux th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t Hypervisor Type 1. Do \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t Linux t\u1ed1i gi\u1ea3n v\u1edbi KVM c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng Hypervisor Type 1. Lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng cung c\u1ea5p hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cao h\u01a1n, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/data-center-la-gi\/\">trung t\u00e2m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Host OS (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Type 2) ho\u1eb7c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 Host OS (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Type 1) l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u1ea3o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phan-biet-chi-tiet-Host-OS-va-Guest-OS-He-dieu-hanh-khach\"><\/span>Ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t chi ti\u1ebft Host OS v\u00e0 Guest OS (H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Guest OS (H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch) l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (Virtual Machine &#8211; VM), do Hypervisor t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng gi\u1eefa Host OS v\u00e0 Guest OS l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac \u1ea3o h\u00f3a.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-05.jpg\" alt=\"Host OS 05\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-28220\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-05.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Host-OS-05-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 T\u00e0i nguy\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Host OS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Host OS c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng th\u1eadt nh\u01b0 CPU, RAM, \u1ed5 \u0111\u0129a. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Guest OS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng \u1ea3o do Hypervisor m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> Guest OS ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Hypervisor v\u00e0 (trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u1ea3o h\u00f3a Type 2) c\u1ea3 Host OS \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1ebfu Host OS ho\u1eb7c Hypervisor g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c Guest OS ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng. Host OS, trong vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c Guest OS.<\/p>\n<p><strong>S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong> Tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Host OS duy nh\u1ea5t. Tuy nhi\u00ean, tr\u00ean Host OS \u0111\u00f3 (th\u00f4ng qua Hypervisor), c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u Guest OS kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed7i Guest OS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ly v\u1edbi nhau. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t Host OS Windows c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o Guest OS Linux v\u00e0 macOS.<\/p>\n<p><strong>M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/strong> Host OS c\u00f3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Hypervisor. Guest OS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch nh\u01b0 th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch, ho\u1eb7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung: n\u1ebfu xem m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a nh\u00e0, th\u00ec Host OS l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3. Hypervisor l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u0103n h\u1ed9, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i Guest OS l\u00e0 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u0103n h\u1ed9 (m\u00e1y \u1ea3o) b\u00ean trong t\u00f2a nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3.<\/p>\n<p>Khi \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Host OS trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u1ea3o m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i t\u1eeb ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 AMD EPYC\/Intel Xeon, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/o-cung-ssd-nvme-la-gi\/\">\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD NVMe<\/a> U.2 v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bang-thong-la-gi\/\">b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/a> cao, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\"><strong><a target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\" style=\"color: #ff00ff;\">thu\u00ea VPS gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/a><\/strong><\/span> t\u1eeb InterData, mang \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-yeu-to-can-can-nhac-khi-lam-viec-hoac-lua-chon-Host-OS\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Host OS, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong c\u00e1c k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn \u1ea3o h\u00f3a ho\u1eb7c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch Ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng:<\/strong> \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, Host OS ph\u1ea3i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. C\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra danh s\u00e1ch h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng (Hardware Compatibility <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/list-trong-python\/\">List<\/a> &#8211; HCL) t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, Host OS ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 CPU, RAM, v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 C\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea2o h\u00f3a:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u1ea3o h\u00f3a, Host OS ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u1ea3o h\u00f3a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 Intel VT-x ho\u1eb7c AMD-V. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y trong CPU c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u1eeb BIOS\/UEFI c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 Host OS t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n Hypervisor (nh\u01b0 Windows v\u1edbi Hyper-V, Linux v\u1edbi KVM) mang l\u1ea1i l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady:<\/strong> Host OS l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 tin c\u1eady l\u00e0 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t Host OS th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 s\u1ebd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ch\u1ea1y tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh d\u00e0nh cho m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (Server editions) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt:<\/strong> B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Host OS l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0o tr\u00ean Host OS \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. C\u1ea7n l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn Host OS c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt (hardening).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t:<\/strong> B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Host OS c\u0169ng ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t Host OS nh\u1eb9, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u01a1n cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u1ea3o. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t chung.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Chi ph\u00ed B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3:<\/strong> Chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Windows Server. C\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/source-code-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/a> m\u1edf nh\u01b0 Linux th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u1ea7n c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1ed5ng chi ph\u00ed s\u1edf h\u1eefu (Total Cost of Ownership &#8211; TCO).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kinh nghi\u1ec7m Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i:<\/strong> S\u1ef1 quen thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. H\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 xung quanh Host OS c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-Host-OS-FAQ\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 Host OS (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-co-anh-huong-den-hieu-suat-may-ao-khong\"><\/span>Host OS c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u00e1y \u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: C\u00f3, Host OS \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y \u1ea3o (VM). Host OS t\u1ef1 n\u00f3 ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 CPU v\u00e0 RAM. N\u1ebfu Host OS n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 n\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111ang ch\u1ea1y, ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u t\u1ed1t, t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o s\u1ebd b\u1ecb h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t VM gi\u1ea3m.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (drivers) trong Host OS, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 card m\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t Host OS \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi c\u00e1c driver hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 s\u1ebd cung c\u1ea5p n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n cho Hypervisor v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-the-cai-nhieu-Guest-OS-tren-mot-Host-OS-khong\"><\/span>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u Guest OS tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Host OS kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: C\u00f3, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u Guest OS tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t Host OS duy nh\u1ea5t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00f4ng qua vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u1ea3o h\u00f3a (Hypervisor). Hypervisor s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c m\u00e1y \u1ea3o ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t, v\u00e0 m\u1ed7i m\u00e1y \u1ea3o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t Guest OS kh\u00e1c nhau (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: Windows, Linux, macOS).<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Guest OS c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7, bao g\u1ed3m s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh CPU, dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng RAM, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Hypervisor. M\u1ed7i Guest OS s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lam-the-nao-de-kiem-tra-Host-OS-tren-may-tinh-cua-toi\"><\/span>L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra Host OS tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n (\u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 Host OS), b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n. Tr\u00ean Windows: Nh\u1ea5n chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o &#8220;This PC&#8221; ho\u1eb7c &#8220;My Computer&#8221;, ch\u1ecdn &#8220;Properties&#8221;, ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm &#8220;System Information&#8221;. Tr\u00ean Linux: M\u1edf Terminal v\u00e0 g\u00f5 c\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 <code>uname -a<\/code> (hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin kernel), <code>cat \/etc\/os-release<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>lsb_release -a<\/code> (hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i). Tr\u00ean macOS: Nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o logo Apple \u1edf g\u00f3c tr\u00ean b\u00ean tr\u00e1i m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, ch\u1ecdn &#8220;About This Mac&#8221;.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-nao-tot-nhat-cho-viec-tao-may-ao\"><\/span>Host OS n\u00e0o t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y \u1ea3o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Host OS n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 &#8220;t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t&#8221; tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i cho m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y \u1ea3o. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y \u1ea3o b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y, v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, Windows Server v\u1edbi Hyper-V l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u00f9ng Windows. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i Linux nh\u01b0 Ubuntu Server v\u1edbi KVM cung c\u1ea5p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao. macOS l\u00e0 Host OS m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n \u1ea3o h\u00f3a Windows ho\u1eb7c Linux tr\u00ean m\u00e1y Mac.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Host-OS-va-firmware-nhu-BIOSUEFI-khac-nhau-the-nao\"><\/span>Host OS v\u00e0 firmware (nh\u01b0 BIOS\/UEFI) kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e1p: Firmware (Ph\u1ea7n s\u1ee5n) nh\u01b0 BIOS (Basic Input\/Output System) ho\u1eb7c UEFI (Unified Extensible Firmware Interface) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u1ea5p th\u1ea5p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chip nh\u1edb c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mainboard-server-la-gi\/\">bo m\u1ea1ch ch\u1ee7<\/a> c\u1ee7a m\u00e1y t\u00ednh. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a firmware l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt (qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh POST), sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i b\u1ed9 n\u1ea1p kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng (bootloader) c\u1ee7a Host OS.<\/p>\n<p>Host OS l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea3i v\u00e0o b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb sau khi firmware ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Host OS ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng, cung c\u1ea5p giao di\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh sau khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. Firmware l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u, Host OS l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 Host OS l\u00e0 g\u00ec v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed then ch\u1ed1t trong vi\u1ec7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n l\u1eabn c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eeb ch\u1ea1y \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":28221,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28213","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-vps"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28213","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28213"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28213\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":28215,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28213\/revisions\/28215"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/28221"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28213"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28213"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28213"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}