{"id":26112,"date":"2025-03-26T10:35:21","date_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:35:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=26112"},"modified":"2025-03-26T10:35:21","modified_gmt":"2025-03-26T03:35:21","slug":"decision-tree-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u00fd do s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng &#038; \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Decision-Tree-la-gi\" >Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Tai-sao-nen-su-dung-Decision-Tree\" >T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Decision Tree?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Cac-loai-Decision-Tree-chinh\" >C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Decision Tree ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien\" >C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Decision Tree ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#ID3-Iterative-Dichotomiser-3\" >ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Chi-Square-CHAID-%E2%80%93-Chi-Squared-Automatic-Interaction-Detection\" >Chi-Square (CHAID &#8211; Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Reduction-in-Variance\" >Reduction in Variance<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree\" >\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Decision Tree<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Uu-diem-cua-cay-quyet-dinh\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Nhuoc-diem-cua-cay-quyet-dinh\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay\" >\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Decision Tree hi\u1ec7n nay<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Phe-duyet-khoan-vay-trong-ngan-hang\" >Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3n vay trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Chan-doan-y-khoa\" >Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n y khoa<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Du-doan-ket-qua-thi-trong-giao-duc\" >D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Tri-tue-nhan-tao-AI\" >Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Hoc-may-Machine-Learning\" >H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Tai-chinh\" >T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/#Tiep-thi-Marketing\" >Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb (Marketing)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning) v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (Decision <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cau-truc-du-lieu-tree-cay\/\">Tree<\/a>) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/thuat-toan-algorithm\/\">thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n<\/a> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/decision-tree-la-gi\/\"> <strong>Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><\/a>, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110\u1ecdc ngay!<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Decision-Tree-la-gi\"><\/span>Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (Decision Tree) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i quy<\/strong>. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t tr\u1ef1c quan, n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u00e1nh (flowchart), trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i n\u00fat \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, quy t\u1eafc, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f3m ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng trong khai th\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26125\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26125\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Decision-Tree-la-gi.png\" alt=\"Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-26125\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Decision-Tree-la-gi.png 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Decision-Tree-la-gi-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Decision-Tree-la-gi-768x480.png 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Decision-Tree-la-gi-750x469.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26125\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>\u1ede m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2y tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi &#8211; Answer Tree) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n, d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, g\u1ee3i \u00fd, tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u, kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01a1i ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai-sao-nen-su-dung-Decision-Tree\"><\/span>T\u1ea1i sao n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Decision Tree?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning), c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u00e2y Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 hai l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, Decision Tree <strong>m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong> khi \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh dung v\u00e0 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<p>Th\u1ee9 hai, logic \u0111\u1eb1ng sau Decision Tree r\u1ea5t tr\u1ef1c quan. C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y, v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u00fat (node) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e1nh (branch) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e1 (leaf) \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng <strong>d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-loai-Decision-Tree-chinh\"><\/span>C\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i Decision Tree ch\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 hai lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh: <strong>c\u00e2y ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Classification Tree)<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i quy (Regression Tree)<\/strong>. M\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat, nh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u th\u00e0nh m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00fang lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh trong t\u1eebng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e2y ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i (Classification Tree):<\/strong> D\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi d\u1ea1ng \u201cc\u00f3\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201ckh\u00f4ng\u201d (yes\/no). V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cKh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201c\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng?\u201d.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e2y h\u1ed3i quy (Regression Tree):<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb li\u00ean t\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: \u201cDoanh s\u1ed1 b\u00e1n m\u00e1y t\u00ednh trong qu\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cChi nh\u00e1nh n\u00e0o s\u1ebd c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 s\u1eafp t\u1edbi?\u201d.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien\"><\/span>C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Decision Tree ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ba thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ID3-Iterative-Dichotomiser-3\"><\/span>ID3 (Iterative Dichotomiser 3)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ID3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Ross Quinlan v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1983. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, chia c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1c nhau t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ti\u00eau ch\u00ed th\u00f4ng tin (Information Gain).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tham lam t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng (top-down greedy approach), ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb g\u1ed1c c\u00e2y v\u00e0 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng, lu\u00f4n ch\u1ecdn nh\u00e1nh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26126\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26126\" style=\"width: 1120px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien.png\" alt=\"C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Decision Tree ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn\" width=\"1120\" height=\"631\" class=\"size-full wp-image-26126\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien.png 1120w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien-300x169.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien-1024x577.png 1024w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien-768x433.png 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Cac-thuat-toan-Decision-Tree-pho-bien-750x423.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1120px) 100vw, 1120px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1c thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Decision Tree ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chi-Square-CHAID-%E2%80%93-Chi-Squared-Automatic-Interaction-Detection\"><\/span>Chi-Square (CHAID &#8211; Chi-Squared Automatic Interaction Detection)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Chi-Square c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c quan cao, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. N\u00f3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (Direct Marketing), n\u01a1i c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a CHAID l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng chia nh\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n, gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Reduction-in-Variance\"><\/span>Reduction in Variance<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n n\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00e2y h\u1ed3i quy, gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n chia c\u00e1c n\u00fat d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau. N\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1ec7ch (variance) \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch chia nh\u00e1nh t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree\"><\/span>\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Decision Tree<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu-diem-cua-cay-quyet-dinh\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c quan:<\/strong> C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u00e1nh, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1ch m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o:<\/strong> Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi Decision Tree m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau:<\/strong> C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea1ng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn ho\u1eb7c thu g\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a bi\u1ebfn:<\/strong> Decision Tree c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0o quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t trong d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26127\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26127\" style=\"width: 778px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree.png\" alt=\"\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Decision Tree\" width=\"778\" height=\"448\" class=\"size-full wp-image-26127\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree.png 778w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree-300x173.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree-768x442.png 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-cua-Decision-Tree-750x432.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 778px) 100vw, 778px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Decision Tree<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc-diem-cua-cay-quyet-dinh\"><\/span>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng overfitting (qu\u00e1 kh\u1edbp):<\/strong> \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u1ebfu m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh qu\u00e1 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t h\u00f3a v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng x\u1ea3y ra khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chia nh\u00e1nh ho\u1eb7c c\u1eaft t\u1ec9a c\u00e2y di\u1ec5n ra qu\u00e1 m\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean k\u00e9m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e1nh con v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t Decision Tree\u00a0hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa vi\u1ec7c chia nh\u1ecf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 gi\u1eef cho m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay\"><\/span>\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Decision Tree hi\u1ec7n nay<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Phe-duyet-khoan-vay-trong-ngan-hang\"><\/span>Ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t kho\u1ea3n vay trong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 n\u00ean ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n vay d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o bao g\u1ed3m thu nh\u1eadp, \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed vay.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kho\u1ea3n vay, gi\u00fap ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chan-doan-y-khoa\"><\/span>Ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n y khoa<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf mu\u1ed1n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng hay kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 n\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9 glucose, ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 BMI v\u00e0 huy\u1ebft \u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc ti\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u00e1c s\u0129 trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Du-doan-ket-qua-thi-trong-giao-duc\"><\/span>D\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi trong gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eadu hay tr\u01b0\u1ee3t d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u00f3i quen h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>D\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o bao g\u1ed3m \u0111i\u1ec3m danh, th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1c k\u1ef3 thi tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong <strong>h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning), khai th\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (Data Mining) v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea (Statistics)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_26128\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-26128\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay.jpg\" alt=\"\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Decision Tree hi\u1ec7n nay\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" class=\"size-full wp-image-26128\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Ung-dung-cua-Decision-Tree-hien-nay-750x469.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-26128\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">\u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a Decision Tree hi\u1ec7n nay<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tri-tue-nhan-tao-AI\"><\/span>Tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI &#8211; Artificial Intelligence) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng <strong>\u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai<\/strong>. V\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t, AI v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (ML &#8211; Machine Learning) \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<p>AI l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn, k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng h\u00e0nh vi th\u00f4ng minh tr\u00ean m\u00e1y m\u00f3c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh AI, c\u00e1c n\u00fat s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia nh\u1ecf d\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u00fat duy nh\u1ea5t, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong AI bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ea5m \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng (credit scoring), ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n y khoa (medical diagnosis) v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n gian l\u1eadn (fraud detection).<\/p>\n<p>V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong AI v\u00e0 ML c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong AI th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/strong> (tr\u00ean ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y) d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia. Decision Tree\u00a0trong ML \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c <strong>x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eeb d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/strong> m\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<p>Decision Tree trong ML c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c t\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, trong khi c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong AI d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean gia \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hoc-may-Machine-Learning\"><\/span>H\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n Decision Tree trong ML l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap <strong>x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p phi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tham-so-parameter-la-gi\/\">tham s\u1ed1<\/a> (non-parametric) thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t (supervised learning), chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t Decision Tree trong ML c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tai-chinh\"><\/span>T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb <strong>d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n<\/strong> \u0111\u1ebfn <strong>\u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ee7i ro t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ee1 n\u1ee3 khi vay ti\u1ec1n. M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem x\u00e9t \u0111i\u1ec3m t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng, thu nh\u1eadp, t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn (option pricing).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eafm gi\u1eef mua ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c gi\u00e1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecbnh trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u00e1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf, gi\u00fap x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd c\u1ee7a quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tiep-thi-Marketing\"><\/span>Ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb (Marketing)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 <strong>d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u1eddi b\u1ecf d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (customer churn). M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed mua h\u00e0ng, m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u00e2n kh\u1ea9u h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f2n gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng (customer segmentation).<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap h\u1ecd t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1eebng nh\u00f3m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>C\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (Decision Tree)<\/strong> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, t\u1eeb AI, h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp th\u1ecb. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ef1c quan, d\u1ec5 tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng AI, h\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o ngay d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\"> thu\u00ea VPS ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb<\/a><\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/cloud-server\/\">thu\u00ea Cloud Server gi\u00e1 r\u1ebb t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao<\/a><\/strong> t\u1ea1i InterData. InterData cung c\u1ea5p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-server\/\">CPU<\/a> AMD EPYC\/Intel Xeon Platinum, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/o-cung-ssd-nvme-la-gi\/\">\u1ed5 c\u1ee9ng SSD NVMe<\/a> U.2 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 cao, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1eed l\u00fd nhanh, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/bang-thong-la-gi\/\">b\u0103ng th\u00f4ng<\/a> cao v\u00e0 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<p><strong>INTERDATA<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Website:<\/strong>\u00a0Interdata.vn<\/li>\n<li><strong>Hotline:<\/strong>\u00a01900-636822<\/li>\n<li><strong>Email:<\/strong>\u00a0Info@interdata.vn<\/li>\n<li><strong>VP\u0110D:<\/strong>\u00a0240 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Ch\u00ednh, P.11. Q. Ph\u00fa Nhu\u1eadn, TP. Ho\u0302\u0300 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/li>\n<li><strong>VPGD:<\/strong>\u00a0S\u1ed1 211 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 5, K\u0110T Lakeview City, P. An Ph\u00fa, TP. Th\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c, TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc m\u00e1y (Machine Learning) v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o (AI), c\u00e2y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (Decision Tree) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadt to\u00e1n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m Decision Tree l\u00e0 g\u00ec, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do n\u00ean s\u1eed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":26129,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[108],"tags":[126],"class_list":["post-26112","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ai","tag-cay-quyet-dinh"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26112","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=26112"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26112\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":26130,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/26112\/revisions\/26130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/26129"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=26112"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=26112"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=26112"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}