{"id":22170,"date":"2026-01-19T14:30:56","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T07:30:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=22170"},"modified":"2026-01-23T13:48:58","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T06:48:58","slug":"mariadb-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"MariaDB l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ednh n\u0103ng, So vs MySQL, PostgreSQL &#038; C\u00e1ch c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#MariaDB-la-gi\" >MariaDB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Lich-su-ra-doi-va-triet-ly-cot-loi\" >L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#8-tinh-nang-noi-bat-cua-MariaDB\" >8 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a MariaDB<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Tuong-thich-cao-voi-MySQL\" >T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Hieu-suat-vuot-troi\" >Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Giay-phep-hoan-toan-mien-phi-GPL\" >Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed (GPL)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Nhieu-Storage-Engines-hon\" >Nhi\u1ec1u Storage Engines h\u01a1n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Bao-mat-duoc-tang-cuong\" >B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Cap-nhat-va-phat-trien-nhanh\" >C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Ho-tro-JSON-tot-hon\" >H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JSON t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Cac-tinh-nang-SQL-hien-dai\" >C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng SQL hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-khi-su-dung-MariaDB\" >\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Uu-diem-cua-MariaDB\" >\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Nhuoc-diem-cua-MariaDB\" >Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#So-sanh-MariaDB-va-PostgreSQL\" >So s\u00e1nh MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Diem-giong-nhau\" >\u0110i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Diem-khac-biet\" >\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#So-sanh-MariaDB-vs-MySQL\" >So s\u00e1nh MariaDB vs MySQL<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Ai-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\" >Ai n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-nen-va-khong-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\" >Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\" >Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-khong-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\" >Khi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Huong-dan-cai-dat-MariaDB-tren-Windows-Server\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#1-Tai-xuong-MariaDB-tren-Windows-Server\" >1. T\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#2-Cai-dat-MariaDB-tren-he-thong\" >2. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#3-Cau-hinh-MariaDB-sau-khi-cai-dat\" >3. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh MariaDB sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#4-Khoi-dong-hoac-dung-dich-vu-MariaDB\" >4. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 MariaDB<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-28\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#5-Kiem-tra-ket-noi-MariaDB\" >5. Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i MariaDB<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-29\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#6-Tao-co-so-du-lieu-va-tai-khoan-nguoi-dung-moi\" >6. T\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-30\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#7-Cau-hinh-tuong-lua-cho-MariaDB-neu-can\" >7. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda cho MariaDB (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-31\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Go-bo-MariaDB-khoi-Windows-Server-neu-can\" >G\u1ee1 b\u1ecf MariaDB kh\u1ecfi Windows Server (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-32\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-FAQ\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-33\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#MariaDB-co-mien-phi-khong\" >MariaDB c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-34\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#MariaDB-co-thay-the-hoan-toan-MySQL-khong\" >MariaDB c\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n MySQL kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-35\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Di-chuyen-tu-MySQL-sang-MariaDB-co-kho-khong\" >Di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb MySQL sang MariaDB c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-36\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#MariaDB-co-mien-phi-cho-muc-dich-thuong-mai-khong\" >MariaDB c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-37\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/#Cac-cong-ty-lon-nao-dang-dung-MariaDB\" >C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111ang d\u00f9ng MariaDB?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>Khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, MySQL th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba&#8221; m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: MariaDB. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a InterData s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u <strong>MariaDB l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong>, <strong>c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng<\/strong>, <strong>\u01b0u &#8211; nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t MariaDB v\u1edbi MySQL, PostgreSQL\u00a0<\/strong>. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ecdc ngay!<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MariaDB-la-gi\"><\/span>MariaDB l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mariadb-la-gi\/\">MariaDB<\/a> l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 (Relational Database Management System &#8211; RDBMS) m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh (fork) c\u1ee7a m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n MySQL. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, MariaDB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb MySQL m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>D\u1ef1 \u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a MySQL, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 t\u00ednh m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1ea7m cao m\u1edbi. MariaDB ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n do c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 minh b\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31660\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB.jpg\" alt=\"MariaDB\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lich-su-ra-doi-va-triet-ly-cot-loi\"><\/span>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a MariaDB g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7. N\u0103m 2009, Oracle Corporation mua l\u1ea1i Sun Microsystems, c\u00f4ng ty s\u1edf h\u1eefu MySQL v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5y l\u00ean lo ng\u1ea1i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a MySQL, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n s\u1ebd b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i t\u00ednh m\u1edf.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 &#8220;di s\u1ea3n&#8221; c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Michael &#8220;Monty&#8221; Widenius, nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp MySQL, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e1nh m\u1edbi t\u1eeb m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n MySQL v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 MariaDB (theo t\u00ean c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Maria).<\/p>\n<p>Tri\u1ebft l\u00fd c\u1ee7a MariaDB r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng: duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb CSDL ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf m\u00e3i m\u00e3i d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GNU GPL, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1edfi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp \u0111o\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-tinh-nang-noi-bat-cua-MariaDB\"><\/span>8 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"color: #555555; font-size: 14.4px;\">MariaDB kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n sao c\u1ee7a MySQL. Qua nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, MariaDB \u0111\u00e3 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o, mang l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf c\u1ea1nh tranh r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31661\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_1.jpg\" alt=\"MariaDB_1\" width=\"600\" height=\"315\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_1.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_1-300x158.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tuong-thich-cao-voi-MySQL\"><\/span>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00fap MariaDB d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean v\u00e0 l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t &#8220;drop-in replacement&#8221;. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MySQL v\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB, c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 WordPress, Joomla, hay c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u1eabn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda.<\/p>\n<p>V\u00ed d\u1ee5, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t trang web WordPress t\u1eeb m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng MySQL sang m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 d\u00f9ng MariaDB th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc sao l\u01b0u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB, v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i. C\u00e1c chu\u1ed7i k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n SQL trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n PHP c\u1ee7a WordPress kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Hieu-suat-vuot-troi\"><\/span>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn trong b\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a truy v\u1ea5n (query optimizer) v\u00e0 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd lu\u1ed3ng (thread pooling), gi\u00fap x\u1eed l\u00fd s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nhanh h\u01a1n. Theo c\u00e1c benchmark \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, MariaDB th\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao h\u01a1n MySQL trong c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ecdc-ghi v\u00e0 sao ch\u00e9p d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (replication).<\/p>\n<p>M\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec3n h\u00ecnh l\u00e0 MariaDB c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd h\u01a1n 200,000 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng so v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng MySQL. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp cao.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giay-phep-hoan-toan-mien-phi-GPL\"><\/span>Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed (GPL)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GNU General Public License (GPL) v2. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng MariaDB s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, ngay c\u1ea3 cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<p>Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, MySQL s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p k\u00e9p (dual-license). Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Community mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 Thread Pool, Enterprise Backup l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 trong phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n Enterprise tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed c\u1ee7a Oracle. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MariaDB gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ecb &#8220;vendor lock-in&#8221; (ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p).<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhieu-Storage-Engines-hon\"><\/span>Nhi\u1ec1u Storage Engines h\u01a1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Storage Engine l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, truy xu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. MariaDB h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c storage engine \u0111a d\u1ea1ng h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n MySQL, mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t t\u1ed1i \u0111a cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00ecnh \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Aria:<\/strong> M\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thay th\u1ebf cho MyISAM v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>ColumnStore:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u l\u1edbn (data warehousing), l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u theo c\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>MyRocks:<\/strong> \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi Facebook, cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i, gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng gian l\u01b0u tr\u1eef.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Spider:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n m\u1ea3nh (sharding) c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bao-mat-duoc-tang-cuong\"><\/span>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u01b0u ti\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a MariaDB. H\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao m\u00e0 \u1edf MySQL th\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed ho\u1eb7c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam plugin. C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecb ph\u00e2n (temporary and binary log encryption), c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vai tr\u00f2 (Role-Based Access Control &#8211; RBAC) r\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cap-nhat-va-phat-trien-nhanh\"><\/span>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Nh\u1edd m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, MariaDB c\u00f3 chu k\u1ef3 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nhanh h\u01a1n. C\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 l\u1ed7i v\u00e0 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t sinh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ho-tro-JSON-tot-hon\"><\/span>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JSON t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JSON, c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. MariaDB cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 h\u00e0m JSON phong ph\u00fa, cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u JSON \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng chu\u1ed7i (string). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y mang l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t cho l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-tinh-nang-SQL-hien-dai\"><\/span>C\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng SQL hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng SQL ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t \u01b0a chu\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Common Table Expressions (CTEs):<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c t\u1eadp k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t truy v\u1ea5n, gi\u00fap m\u00e3 SQL tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Window Functions:<\/strong> Cho ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00e0ng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, r\u1ea5t h\u1eefu \u00edch cho c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu-va-nhuoc-diem-khi-su-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span>\u01afu v\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB l\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd truy v\u1ea5n nhanh, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt t\u1ed1t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 SQL v\u00e0 NoSQL. Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m g\u1ed3m thi\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00f4i khi kh\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi MySQL c\u0169, v\u00e0 chi ph\u00ed h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i cao.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Uu-diem-cua-MariaDB\"><\/span>\u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho nhi\u1ec1u \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn.<\/li>\n<li>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn, x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u truy v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi.<\/li>\n<li>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt g\u1ed3m m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/li>\n<li>T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL, d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0 t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL.<\/li>\n<li>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 JSON v\u00e0 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p gi\u1eefa SQL v\u00e0 NoSQL.<\/li>\n<li>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef m\u00e0 MySQL kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, nh\u01b0 XtraDB, Aria, MariaDB ColumnStore.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhuoc-diem-cua-MariaDB\"><\/span>Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m, nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ti\u00eau ch\u00ed c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eafm r\u00f5:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng cao c\u1ea5p nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i (Oracle, Microsoft SQL Server).<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p kh\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi.<\/li>\n<li>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi MySQL kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o, g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1eeb c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n MySQL c\u0169.<\/li>\n<li>N\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, chi ph\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf kh\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a MySQL kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 trong MariaDB, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 JSON l\u00fac ban \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>MariaDB l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1t cho c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u hay h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc th\u00eam ho\u1eb7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn kh\u00e1c ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-MariaDB-va-PostgreSQL\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diem-giong-nhau\"><\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4>C\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh quan h\u1ec7<\/h4>\n<p>MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 \u2013 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. D\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau th\u00f4ng qua kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn n\u00e0y gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h4>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h4>\n<p>C\u1ea3 MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. MariaDB h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf nh\u01b0 replication v\u00e0 sharding \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu t\u1ea3i. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, PostgreSQL cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 Foreign Data Wrappers, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00e1c nhau trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h4>Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef truy v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p SQL<\/h4>\n<p>Hai n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 SQL ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n, gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. C\u00fa ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t nhu c\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c truy v\u1ea5n t\u1eeb \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diem-khac-biet\"><\/span>\u0110i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c<\/h4>\n<p>PostgreSQL cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3u th\u1ee9c ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0m thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n \u1edf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed9t. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u00f2n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 B-tree, Hash v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp v\u00e0 truy v\u1ea5n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>MariaDB h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean c\u00e2y B nh\u01b0 INDEX, PRIMARY KEY, UNIQUE v\u00e0 FULLTEXT. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, MariaDB c\u0169ng cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c c\u00e2y R, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c Hash v\u00e0 danh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c khi k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi FULLTEXT.<\/p>\n<h4>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h4>\n<p>PostgreSQL cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u JSON v\u00e0 JSONB, trong khi MariaDB s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ki\u1ec3u LONGTEXT \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vai tr\u00f2 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea3 hai h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u phi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y \u1edf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng NoSQL.<\/p>\n<p>MariaDB c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1edbi l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3, t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e8n v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, PostgreSQL y\u00eau c\u1ea7u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<h4>Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t x\u1eed l\u00fd<\/h4>\n<p>MariaDB c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac nh\u1eb9 h\u01a1n, ti\u00eau th\u1ee5 \u00edt b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi PostgreSQL. Tuy nhi\u00ean, PostgreSQL l\u1ea1i n\u1ed5i tr\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ghi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 mang l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 cao h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<p>MariaDB ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0u tr\u1eef to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb \u2013 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 PostgreSQL kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3. PostgreSQL t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m trang c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m truy v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a MariaDB.<\/p>\n<h4>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc<\/h4>\n<p>MariaDB h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e2n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u00f4ng qua Spider Storage Engine v\u00e0 Galera Cluster, trong khi PostgreSQL kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng b\u1ea3ng theo chi\u1ec1u ngang tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. Vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u00edt truy c\u1eadp sang c\u00e1c ph\u00e2n v\u00f9ng ri\u00eang trong MariaDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy v\u1ea5n. PostgreSQL m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ngang kh\u00f4ng linh ho\u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng MariaDB.<\/p>\n<h4>T\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng<\/h4>\n<p>Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a MariaDB v\u00e0 PostgreSQL c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u node.<\/p>\n<p>PostgreSQL ch\u1ec9 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh sao ch\u00e9p ch\u1ee7\u2013n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, trong khi MariaDB h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea3 sao ch\u00e9p ch\u1ee7\u2013n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7\u2013ch\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9. PostgreSQL cung c\u1ea5p th\u00eam c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 sao ch\u00e9p x\u1ebfp t\u1ea7ng, sao ch\u00e9p ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 sao ch\u00e9p \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9, cho ph\u00e9p linh ho\u1ea1t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u00f9y theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h4>B\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/h4>\n<p>MariaDB th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m l\u1edbn t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. PostgreSQL c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u1edbi Nh\u00f3m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u PostgreSQL (PGDG) c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 CVE \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd. Vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h4>Dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u201cnh\u1eb9\u201d<\/h4>\n<p>MariaDB c\u00f3 dung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 so v\u1edbi PostgreSQL tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3, MariaDB tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p trong nh\u1eefng m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean b\u1ed9 nh\u1edb.<\/p>\n<h4>Chi ph\u00ed s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/h4>\n<p>Chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea5p ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a MariaDB v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 4.000 USD m\u1ed7i n\u0103m, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 g\u00f3i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn. Ngo\u00e0i ra, MariaDB v\u1eabn cung c\u1ea5p phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u00e0 l\u00e0m quen v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i MariaDB.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"So-sanh-MariaDB-vs-MySQL\"><\/span>So s\u00e1nh MariaDB vs MySQL<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>MariaDB kh\u00e1c g\u00ec MySQL? \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn tr\u1ef1c quan, b\u1ea3ng d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd t\u00f3m t\u1eaft nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t gi\u1eefa MariaDB v\u00e0 MySQL, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn.<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; box-shadow: 0 8px 24px rgba(12,64,244,0.15);\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg, #0C40F4, #077FFA, #0497FC); color: #ffffff;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 14px 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; text-align: left;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 14px 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; text-align: left;\">MariaDB<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 14px 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; text-align: left;\">MySQL<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; font-weight: 600;\">Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">GPL ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng\/doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng GPL mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, Enterprise tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed (kho\u1ea3ng 5.000 USD\/n\u0103m)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f6f9ff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; font-weight: 600;\">Storage Engines<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">12+ engines m\u1edbi (nh\u01b0 Aria, ColumnStore), nh\u1eb9 v\u00e0 linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">\u00cdt engines h\u01a1n, t\u1eadp trung InnoDB l\u00e0m m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; font-weight: 600;\">Hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Th\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh h\u01a1n trong benchmarks \u0111a k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Galera Cluster<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">T\u1ed1i \u01b0u cho quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 &gt;200.000 connections \u1edf b\u1ea3n Enterprise<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f6f9ff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; font-weight: 600;\">T\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Dynamic thread pool, hidden columns, JSON t\u1eeb 10.2+<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Data masking, dynamic columns, sys schema<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #ffffff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5; font-weight: 600;\">T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Drop-in replacement cho MySQL, d\u1ec5 migrate t\u1eeb MySQL<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e6eaf5;\">Migrate sang MariaDB kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n do kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m \u1edf m\u1eb7t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MariaDB c\u00f2n mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c: \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edf, tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p duy nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31664\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_vs_MySQL.jpg\" alt=\"MariaDB_vs_MySQL\" width=\"600\" height=\"300\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_vs_MySQL.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_vs_MySQL-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_vs_MySQL-360x180.jpg 360w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ai-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span>Ai n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>MariaDB ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ai? V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec3m k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, MariaDB l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 startup:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng cao nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecbu g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng chi ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Oracle.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng SQL hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (DBA):<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t cao, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u00f9y bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn.<\/li>\n<li><strong>C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n di chuy\u1ec3n kh\u1ecfi MySQL:<\/strong> Nh\u1eefng doanh nghi\u1ec7p \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MySQL v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n sang m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch nh\u01b0ng c\u1edfi m\u1edf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ed9 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-nen-va-khong-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-31662\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_2.jpg\" alt=\"MariaDB_2\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_2.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/MariaDB_2-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/>Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MariaDB l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 quy m\u00f4 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd trong c\u00e1c t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, linh ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Khi c\u1ea7n thay th\u1ebf MySQL m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i: <\/strong>MariaDB c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, c\u00fa ph\u00e1p SQL v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean MySQL v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi \u01b0u ti\u00ean chi ph\u00ed th\u1ea5p v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng: <\/strong>MariaDB kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u1eeba v\u00e0 nh\u1ecf ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n t\u1ef1 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef tr\u00ean VPS, Dedicated Server hay Cloud ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cao: <\/strong>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 replication, Galera Cluster v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u storage engine, MariaDB \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng khi l\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng truy c\u1eadp t\u0103ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi tri\u1ec3n khai website, CMS v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn: <\/strong>MariaDB ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 WordPress, Joomla, Drupal v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u framework backend ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u1ea3 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hosting chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ri\u00eang.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-khong-nen-su-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, MariaDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Khi \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u00e0o t\u00ednh n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a MySQL Enterprise: <\/strong>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e2ng cao trong MySQL Enterprise kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t trong MariaDB, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi di chuy\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n SQL: <\/strong>MariaDB c\u00f3 c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf x\u1eed l\u00fd d\u1eef li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t h\u01a1n trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, trong khi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n v\u1edbi PostgreSQL.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n t\u00edch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p ho\u1eb7c x\u1eed l\u00fd giao d\u1ecbch \u1edf quy m\u00f4 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn: <\/strong>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng OLTP ho\u1eb7c OLAP \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9, c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao, MariaDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1i \u01b0u b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf chuy\u00ean bi\u1ec7t h\u01a1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Khi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n h\u00f3a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng theo h\u1ec7 sinh th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c: <\/strong>N\u1ebfu h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng xoay quanh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 li\u00ean quan, vi\u1ec7c chuy\u1ec3n sang MariaDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t sinh chi ph\u00ed v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-cai-dat-MariaDB-tren-Windows-Server\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, <strong>MariaDB<\/strong> l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1edd hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f9ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao. Vi\u1ec7c <strong>c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<\/strong> kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u00fap t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh cho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc &#8211; t\u1eeb t\u1ea3i g\u00f3i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng \u2014 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd MariaDB hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 tr\u00ean Windows Server. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n:<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Tai-xuong-MariaDB-tren-Windows-Server\"><\/span>1. T\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Truy c\u1eadp trang t\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a MariaDB: <a href=\"https:\/\/mariadb.org\/download\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/mariadb.org\/download\/<\/a>.<\/li>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ea3i t\u1ec7p c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng <code>.msi<\/code> v\u1ec1 m\u00e1y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Cai-dat-MariaDB-tren-he-thong\"><\/span>2. C\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t MariaDB tr\u00ean h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1edf t\u1ec7p c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t <code>.msi<\/code> v\u1eeba t\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t.<\/li>\n<li>Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n sau:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u root:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u cho t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n root. H\u00e3y ghi nh\u1edb m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u n\u00e0y v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb sau n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ecdn c\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (port):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 <code>3306<\/code>. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00f9y nhu c\u1ea7u (khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean c\u1ed5ng 3306 m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ec3 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 (character set):<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 <code>utf8<\/code>. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 k\u00fd t\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c, tuy nhi\u00ean <code>UTF8<\/code> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p>Sau khi ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean, nh\u1ea5n <strong>Install<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 ch\u1edd h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Cau-hinh-MariaDB-sau-khi-cai-dat\"><\/span>3. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh MariaDB sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Sau khi c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh MariaDB th\u00f4ng qua t\u1ec7p <strong><code>my.ini<\/code><\/strong>, n\u1eb1m t\u1ea1i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<br \/>\n<code>C:\\Program Files\\MariaDB 10.5\\data\\my.ini<\/code>.<\/li>\n<li>M\u1edf t\u1ec7p b\u1eb1ng <strong>Notepad<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c tr\u00ecnh so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o v\u0103n b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1c, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn g\u1ed3m:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u (datadir): <\/strong>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u1edf v\u1ecb tr\u00ed kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn m\u1edbi trong tham s\u1ed1 <code>datadir<\/code>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed1i \u01b0u hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t: <\/strong>\u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 <code>innodb_buffer_pool_size<\/code>, <code>max_connections<\/code>,&#8230; \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-Khoi-dong-hoac-dung-dich-vu-MariaDB\"><\/span>4. Kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c d\u1eebng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 MariaDB th\u00f4ng qua c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 <strong>Services<\/strong> c\u1ee7a Windows.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u1ea5n <strong>Win + R<\/strong>, nh\u1eadp <code>services.msc<\/code>, r\u1ed3i nh\u1ea5n <strong>Enter<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 <strong>MariaDB<\/strong>, nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn <strong>Start<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c <strong>Stop<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eebng khi c\u1ea7n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-Kiem-tra-ket-noi-MariaDB\"><\/span>5. Ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i MariaDB<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1edf <strong>Command Prompt<\/strong> ho\u1eb7c <strong>PowerShell<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>\u0110i\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9a t\u1ec7p th\u1ef1c thi c\u1ee7a MariaDB, v\u00ed d\u1ee5:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><code>cd C:\\Program Files\\MariaDB 10.5\\bin<br \/>\n<\/code><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>K\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn MariaDB b\u1eb1ng l\u1ec7nh:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<div><code>mysql -u root -p<br \/>\n<\/code><\/div>\n<ul>\n<li>Nh\u1eadp m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u root \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u1edf b\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-Tao-co-so-du-lieu-va-tai-khoan-nguoi-dung-moi\"><\/span>6. T\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng m\u1edbi<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o MariaDB, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng:<\/p>\n<p><strong>T\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div><code>CREATE DATABASE ten_database;<br \/>\n<\/code><\/div>\n<p><strong>T\u1ea1o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n:<\/strong><\/p>\n<div><code>CREATE USER 'ten_user'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'mat_khau';<br \/>\nGRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON ten_database.* TO 'ten_user'@'localhost';<br \/>\nFLUSH PRIVILEGES;<br \/>\n<\/code><\/div>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ec7nh tr\u00ean gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp nhanh m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-Cau-hinh-tuong-lua-cho-MariaDB-neu-can\"><\/span>7. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda cho MariaDB (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n truy c\u1eadp MariaDB t\u1eeb xa, h\u00e3y m\u1edf c\u1ed5ng m\u00e0 MariaDB \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng (m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 <strong>3306<\/strong>) trong <strong>Windows Firewall<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Go-bo-MariaDB-khoi-Windows-Server-neu-can\"><\/span>G\u1ee1 b\u1ecf MariaDB kh\u1ecfi Windows Server (n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>M\u1edf <strong>Control Panel<\/strong> \u2192 <strong>Programs and Features<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li>T\u00ecm <strong>MariaDB<\/strong> trong danh s\u00e1ch, nh\u1ea5p chu\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn <strong>Uninstall<\/strong> \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ee1 b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>T\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft: <\/strong>V\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 <strong>c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh MariaDB tr\u00ean Windows Server<\/strong> m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p g\u1eb7p s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn chi ti\u1ebft tr\u00ean trang ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a <a href=\"https:\/\/mariadb.org\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">MariaDB.org<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-FAQ\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MariaDB-co-mien-phi-khong\"><\/span>MariaDB c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh theo gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GPL, cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1ec9nh s\u1eeda v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. Ngo\u00e0i phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, MariaDB c\u0169ng cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c g\u00f3i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u00e0nh cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u1ea3 ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MariaDB-co-thay-the-hoan-toan-MySQL-khong\"><\/span>MariaDB c\u00f3 thay th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n MySQL kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>MariaDB \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao v\u1edbi MySQL, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p SQL, c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd. Trong nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, MariaDB c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf MySQL m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thay \u0111\u1ed5i nhi\u1ec1u trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy v\u1eady, MariaDB v\u00e0 MySQL \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n theo c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00e1c nhau, v\u00ec v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ecdi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Di-chuyen-tu-MySQL-sang-MariaDB-co-kho-khong\"><\/span>Di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb MySQL sang MariaDB c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Kh\u00f4ng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh di chuy\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1edd t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao. Trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, b\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n sao l\u01b0u c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb MySQL v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean MariaDB. C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 <code>mysql_upgrade<\/code> c\u0169ng gi\u00fap ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"MariaDB-co-mien-phi-cho-muc-dich-thuong-mai-khong\"><\/span>MariaDB c\u00f3 mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u00f3. Gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p GPL v2 cho ph\u00e9p b\u1ea1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e0o, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 \u00e1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai MariaDB cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ty m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n tr\u1ea3 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 kho\u1ea3n ph\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-cong-ty-lon-nao-dang-dung-MariaDB\"><\/span>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty l\u1edbn n\u00e0o \u0111ang d\u00f9ng MariaDB?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>R\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n sang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng MariaDB. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00e1i t\u00ean ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u bao g\u1ed3m Wikimedia Foundation (t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh Wikipedia), Google, Red Hat, Development Bank of Singapore (DBS), v\u00e0 ServiceNow. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 minh ch\u1ee9ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng cho s\u1ef1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a MariaDB trong c\u00e1c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u1edd kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao, hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng, MariaDB ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh tri\u1ec3n khai, t\u1eeb website nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn MariaDB hay kh\u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean y\u00eau c\u1ea7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, quy m\u00f4 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m, \u01b0u nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a MariaDB l\u00e0 g\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u01a1n cho h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Khi th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan h\u1ec7 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf, MySQL th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 c\u00e1i t\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t &#8220;ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf th\u1eeba&#8221; m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: MariaDB. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a InterData s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u MariaDB l\u00e0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":31660,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22170","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22170","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=22170"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22170\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38453,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22170\/revisions\/38453"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/31660"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=22170"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=22170"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=22170"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}