{"id":18105,"date":"2024-11-25T09:57:06","date_gmt":"2024-11-25T02:57:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=18105"},"modified":"2026-02-04T09:30:19","modified_gmt":"2026-02-04T02:30:19","slug":"lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n &#038; t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1ch x\u1eed l\u00fd t\u1eeb A-Z"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/strong> L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u t\u00e2m, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/website-la-gi\/\">website<\/a> c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n<p>Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\" >L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Nguyen-nhan-xay-ra-lo-hong-bao-mat\" >Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Co-nen-cong-khai-cac-lo-hong-da-duoc-phat-hien-hay-khong\" >C\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f4ng khai c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Cong-khai-lo-hong-nhanh-chong-va-chi-tiet\" >C\u00f4ng khai l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Han-che-hoac-giu-kin-cac-lo-hong-bao-mat\" >H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef k\u00edn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Su-khac-biet-giua-lo-hong-bao-mat-va-rui-ro-an-ninh\" >S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro an ninh<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Khi-nao-mot-lo-hong-co-the-bi-tan-cong-khai-thac\" >Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Lo-hong-bao-mat-thuong-xuat-hien-o-dau\" >L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Ke-tan-cong-khai-thac-lo-hong-bang-cach-nao\" >K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Vi-du-ve-lo-hong-bao-mat\" >V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#-Cac-lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-theo-tieu-chuan-OWASP\" >\u00a0C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n OWASP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#1-Loi-Injection\" >1. L\u1ed7i Injection<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#2-Xac-thuc-khong-an-toan\" >2. X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#3-Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS\" >3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#4-Tham-chieu-doi-tuong-truc-tiep-khong-an-toan\" >4. Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#5-Cau-hinh-bao-mat-sai\" >5. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt sai<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#6-Ro-ri-du-lieu-nhay-cam\" >6. R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#7-Thieu-kiem-soat-truy-cap-theo-chuc-nang\" >7. Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#8-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF\" >8. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#9-Su-dung-cac-thanh-phan-co-lo-hong-bao-mat-da-biet\" >9. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#10-Chuyen-huong-va-chuyen-tiep-khong-duoc-xac-thuc\" >10. Chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Cac-cong-cu-ho-tro-quet-lo-hong-bao-mat\" >C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Cach-check-lo-hong-bao-mat-an-toan\" >C\u00e1ch check l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt an to\u00e0n<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Quet-lo-hong\" >Qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Kiem-thu-xam-nhap\" >Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Google-hacking\" >Google hacking<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-27\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/#Cach-phong-ngua-lo-hong-bao-mat-hieu-qua-trong-doanh-nghiep\" >C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\"><\/span>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong> (security vulnerability) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea1ng, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c b\u1edfi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i trong <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/source-code-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/a>, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ho\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18107\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18107\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18107\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi.jpg\" alt=\"L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"800\" height=\"533\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi-750x500.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18107\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 <strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-sql-injection-la-gi\/\">SQL Injection<\/a>, l\u1ed7i tr\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec7m (buffer overflows), Cross-Site Scripting (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-xss-la-gi\/\">XSS<\/a>), Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ddos-la-gi\/\">t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DDoS<\/a><\/strong>. Nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen-nhan-xay-ra-lo-hong-bao-mat\"><\/span>Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n x\u1ea3y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng InterData kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n nay:<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, <strong>\u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/strong> l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng, b\u1edfi khi m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n sai s\u00f3t trong c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n s\u1ebd t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m, m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh\/\">h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/a> v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng<\/strong> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u01a1n, v\u00ec th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia s\u1ebb v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c. Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u0169ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18108\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18108\" style=\"width: 600px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18108\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Nhung-nguyen-nhan-gay-ra-lo-hong-bao-mat.jpg\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt\" width=\"600\" height=\"415\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Nhung-nguyen-nhan-gay-ra-lo-hong-bao-mat.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Nhung-nguyen-nhan-gay-ra-lo-hong-bao-mat-300x208.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18108\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>M\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c <strong>qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u k\u00e9m<\/strong>, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c nhau, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ph\u00e1 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng brute-force v\u00e0 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng vi ph\u1ea1m d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<p><strong>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong> c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp qu\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Vi\u1ec7c <strong>truy c\u1eadp <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/mang-internet\/\">internet<\/a><\/strong> m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft.<\/p>\n<p><strong>L\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/strong>\u00a0xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lap-trinh-la-gi\/\">l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/a> vi\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n, c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, vi\u1ec7c <strong>kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o<\/strong> c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c trang web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/structured-query-language-sql-la-gi\/\">SQL<\/a> Injection.<\/p>\n<p>Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, <strong>con ng\u01b0\u1eddi<\/strong> v\u1eabn l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ee7i ro l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng phi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (social engineering) th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i, v\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-nen-cong-khai-cac-lo-hong-da-duoc-phat-hien-hay-khong\"><\/span>C\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f4ng khai c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hay kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 n\u00ean c\u00f4ng khai th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi g\u00e2y tranh c\u00e3i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, v\u00ec vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mang l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 l\u1ee3i \u00edch l\u1eabn r\u1ee7i ro.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cong-khai-lo-hong-nhanh-chong-va-chi-tiet\"><\/span>C\u00f4ng khai l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai chi ti\u1ebft l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ngay khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/strong>: C\u00f4ng khai th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i do l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng g\u00e2y ra.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng khai chi ti\u1ebft c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Han-che-hoac-giu-kin-cac-lo-hong-bao-mat\"><\/span>H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf ho\u1eb7c gi\u1eef k\u00edn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch gi\u1eef k\u00edn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi gian t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n v\u00e1.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u1ee3i \u00edch<\/strong>: H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u00f4ng khai l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng gi\u00fap gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro<\/strong>: Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c gi\u1eef k\u00edn th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 trong vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su-khac-biet-giua-lo-hong-bao-mat-va-rui-ro-an-ninh\"><\/span>S\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 r\u1ee7i ro an ninh<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, r\u1ee7i ro an ninh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n nh\u01b0 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5, ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: L\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c, l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 v\u00e1 l\u1ed7i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u1ee7i ro an ninh<\/strong>: L\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n, r\u1ee7i ro an ninh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 x\u00e1c su\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khi-nao-mot-lo-hong-co-the-bi-tan-cong-khai-thac\"><\/span>Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c khi n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c:<\/p>\n<p><strong>Ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 l\u1ed7i<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3n v\u00e1, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh<\/strong>: Khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tuong-lua-firewall\/\">t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/a> ho\u1eb7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18109\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18109\" style=\"width: 750px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18109\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Khi-nao-mot-lo-hong-co-the-bi-tan-cong-khai-thac.jpg\" alt=\"Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c?\" width=\"750\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Khi-nao-mot-lo-hong-co-the-bi-tan-cong-khai-thac.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Khi-nao-mot-lo-hong-co-the-bi-tan-cong-khai-thac-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18109\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/strong>: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt nh\u01b0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean.<\/p>\n<p><strong>V\u00ed d\u1ee5<\/strong>: N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang S3 bucket, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e3y ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt S3 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n x\u1ea3y ra.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Lo-hong-bao-mat-thuong-xuat-hien-o-dau\"><\/span>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m<\/strong>: C\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cac-loi-trong-lap-trinh\/\">l\u1ed7i l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh<\/a> ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh<\/strong>: C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng trong h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>M\u1ea1ng<\/strong>: H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 khai th\u00e1c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/internet-of-things\/\">IoT<\/a><\/strong>: C\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Website<\/strong>: Khi website kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ngu\u1ed3n t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n, c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ke-tan-cong-khai-thac-lo-hong-bang-cach-nao\"><\/span>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o lo\u1ea1i l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng SQL Injection<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 SQL \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadp li\u1ec7u tr\u00ean website, sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi b\u1edfi c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m, thay \u0111\u1ed5i ho\u1eb7c x\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/javascript-la-gi\/\">JavaScript<\/a> \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web m\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n truy c\u1eadp. Khi m\u00e3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp cookies, ho\u1eb7c l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF):<\/strong> K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea5p v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i trong khi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng brute force (t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u00f2 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u)<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1eed h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u1eb1m truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. Nh\u1eefng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-phishing-la-gi\/\">Phishing<\/a>)<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/email-spoofing-la-gi\/\">email gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o<\/a> \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 t\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u, ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin th\u1ebb t\u00edn d\u1ee5ng. Khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng nh\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng s\u1ebd l\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch x\u1ea5u.<\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-zero-day-la-gi\/\">T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng zero-day<\/a><\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ho\u1eb7c ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n v\u00e1 t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 (DDoS)<\/strong>: K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a>, l\u00e0m qu\u00e1 t\u1ea3i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5. C\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt k\u00e9m d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u1ea1ng n\u00e0y.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c sai s\u00f3t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ki\u1ec3m tra, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, v\u00e0 v\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18110\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18110\" style=\"width: 650px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"wp-image-18110 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ke-tan-cong-khai-thac-lo-hong-bang-cach-nao.jpg\" alt=\"K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?\" width=\"650\" height=\"423\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ke-tan-cong-khai-thac-lo-hong-bang-cach-nao.jpg 650w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Ke-tan-cong-khai-thac-lo-hong-bang-cach-nao-300x195.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 650px) 100vw, 650px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18110\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vi-du-ve-lo-hong-bao-mat\"><\/span>V\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1ea1n n\u00ean t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<\/strong>: Khi th\u00f4ng tin x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ea1o danh danh t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p nh\u01b0 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f4ng tin ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m.<\/li>\n<li><strong>SQL Injection<\/strong>: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 SQL \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/query-la-gi\/\">truy v\u1ea5n<\/a> c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. SQL Injection cho ph\u00e9p tin t\u1eb7c truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p, \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u quan tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o danh t\u00ednh ho\u1eb7c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)<\/strong>: T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng XSS ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t website, nh\u01b0ng thay v\u00ec nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o website nh\u01b0 SQL Injection, XSS nh\u1eafm \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a website. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp khi h\u1ecd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi website b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)<\/strong>: T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng CSRF l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 mong mu\u1ed1n. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o phi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (social engineering), CSRF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ra.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Security Misconfiguration<\/strong>: L\u1ed7i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng b\u1ecb c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang quy chu\u1ea9n, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"-Cac-lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-theo-tieu-chuan-OWASP\"><\/span>\u00a0C\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn theo ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n OWASP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-Loi-Injection\"><\/span>1. L\u1ed7i Injection<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7i Injection l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean website, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 SQL Injection. L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n c\u00e1c c\u00e2u l\u1ec7nh SQL \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c m\u00e3 l\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39127\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39127\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39127\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Loi-Injection.png\" alt=\"L\u1ed7i Injection\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Loi-Injection.png 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Loi-Injection-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Loi-Injection-768x480.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39127\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L\u1ed7i Injection<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-Xac-thuc-khong-an-toan\"><\/span>2. X\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n x\u1ea3y ra khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1o danh ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u00e0o d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. Nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u y\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng m\u00e3 h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS\"><\/span>3. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t website kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng, cho ph\u00e9p k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n m\u00e3 JavaScript \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o c\u00e1c trang web kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<p>M\u00e3 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi trong tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111o\u1ea1t th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 cookies ho\u1eb7c th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_39126\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-39126\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-39126\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS.jpg\" alt=\"Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/Cross-Site-Scripting-XSS-768x480.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-39126\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Cross-Site Scripting (XSS)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-Tham-chieu-doi-tuong-truc-tiep-khong-an-toan\"><\/span>4. Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 nh\u01b0 t\u1ec7p, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tham-so-parameter-la-gi\/\">tham s\u1ed1<\/a> \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 truy c\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p xem.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"5-Cau-hinh-bao-mat-sai\"><\/span>5. C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt sai<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt sai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng (m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng) kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch.<\/p>\n<p>C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt sai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, b\u1ecf qua c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp an to\u00e0n m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh, ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t qu\u00e1 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"6-Ro-ri-du-lieu-nhay-cam\"><\/span>6. R\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt k\u00e9m trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u1eed l\u00fd, l\u01b0u tr\u1eef, ho\u1eb7c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m nh\u01b0 th\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u00f4ng tin thanh to\u00e1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ma-hoa-du-lieu-data-encryption\/\">m\u00e3 h\u00f3a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/a> ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng giao th\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n nh\u01b0 HTTP, k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-Thieu-kiem-soat-truy-cap-theo-chuc-nang\"><\/span>7. Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Thi\u1ebfu ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t truy c\u1eadp theo ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra khi c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n h\u1ea1n trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF\"><\/span>8. Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng khi k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n m\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft. T\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng CSRF c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ec1n ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18113\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18113\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18113\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-tren-webiste-Loi-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF.png\" alt=\"L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean webiste - L\u1ed7i Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)\" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-tren-webiste-Loi-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF.png 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-tren-webiste-Loi-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF-300x188.png 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-tren-webiste-Loi-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF-768x480.png 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Lo-hong-bao-mat-pho-bien-tren-webiste-Loi-Cross-Site-Request-Forgery-CSRF-750x469.png 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18113\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean webiste &#8211; L\u1ed7i Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9-Su-dung-cac-thanh-phan-co-lo-hong-bao-mat-da-biet\"><\/span>9. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/open-source-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/a>, module ho\u1eb7c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/framework-la-gi\/\">framework<\/a> kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng duy tr\u00ec c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ho\u1eb7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u0169 c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"10-Chuyen-huong-va-chuyen-tiep-khong-duoc-xac-thuc\"><\/span>10. Chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra khi m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng cho ph\u00e9p chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u1eb7c chuy\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t trang web kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1eeba \u0111\u1ea3o, d\u1eabn d\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c trang web \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-cong-cu-ho-tro-quet-lo-hong-bao-mat\"><\/span>C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p class=\"my-2 [&amp;+p]:mt-4 [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:inline-block [&amp;_strong:has(+br)]:pb-2\">C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c, gi\u1ea3m r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng. Ch\u00fang h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e9t t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u1ea3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1ecf \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0 FPT.EagleEye hay c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n<p id=\"cng-c-ph-bin\" class=\"mb-2 mt-4 [.has-inline-images_&amp;]:clear-end font-sans visRefresh2026AnswerSerif:font-editorial font-semimedium visRefresh2026Fonts:font-bold text-base visRefresh2026Fonts:text-lg first:mt-0 md:text-lg [hr+&amp;]:mt-4\">D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 964px; border-collapse: collapse; font-family: Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.6; height: 301px;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background: linear-gradient(90deg,#0C40F4,#077FFA,#0497FC); color: #ffffff;\">\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; text-align: left;\">C\u00f4ng c\u1ee5<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; text-align: left;\">Lo\u1ea1i<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; text-align: left;\">N\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3<\/th>\n<th style=\"padding: 12px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb; text-align: left;\">\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Nessus<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Windows\/Linux<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Qu\u00e9t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n &gt;65.000 CVE, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c, b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chi ti\u1ebft.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f8fbff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">OpenVAS<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/he-dieu-hanh-linux-la-gi\/\">Linux<\/a><\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed, &gt;50.000 ki\u1ec3m tra, c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y t\u1eeb c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">QualysGuard<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">\u0110\u00e1m m\u00e2y<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Web-based<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ea3n v\u00e1, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f8fbff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Nikto<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">CLI (\u0111a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng)<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Chuy\u00ean qu\u00e9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-server\/\">web server<\/a>, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh sai nhanh ch\u00f3ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Nmap<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">M\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">\u0110a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Qu\u00e9t m\u1ea1ng, port, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5; c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd cho kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"background-color: #f8fbff;\">\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Burp Suite<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">\u0110a n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #e5e7eb;\">T\u1eadp trung web app, t\u00edch h\u1ee3p theo d\u00f5i l\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 Jira.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>L\u01b0u \u00fd tri\u1ec3n khai:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ch\u1ecdn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nhu c\u1ea7u: Mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed nh\u01b0 OpenVAS\/Nmap cho startup, th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 Nessus cho doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/li>\n<li>K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p qu\u00e9t \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 v\u1edbi ki\u1ec3m tra th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m false positive v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n nh\u01b0 ISO 27001.\u200b<\/li>\n<li>\u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 CyStack hay FPT.EagleEye h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00edch h\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng n\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-check-lo-hong-bao-mat-an-toan\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch check l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt an to\u00e0n<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt theo chu k\u1ef3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 l\u00e0 c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3 ba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt bao g\u1ed3m:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/kiem-thu-xam-nhap-pentest-la-gi\/\">Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<\/a> (penetration testing).<\/li>\n<li>Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quet-lo-hong\"><\/span>Qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft. Qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng gi\u00fap nhanh ch\u00f3ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng truy c\u1eadp tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb t\u1eeb xa nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/ssh-la-gi\/\">SSH<\/a>, RDP&#8230; v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7. Khi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh qu\u00e9t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kiem-thu-xam-nhap\"><\/span>Ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra file log d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a> l\u1ea1 truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Ngo\u00e0i ra, h\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ea5u v\u1ebft c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_18114\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-18114\" style=\"width: 800px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-18114\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cach-quan-ly-lo-hong-bao-mat.jpg\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \" width=\"800\" height=\"500\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cach-quan-ly-lo-hong-bao-mat.jpg 800w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cach-quan-ly-lo-hong-bao-mat-300x188.jpg 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cach-quan-ly-lo-hong-bao-mat-768x480.jpg 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/09\/Cach-quan-ly-lo-hong-bao-mat-750x469.jpg 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-18114\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Google-hacking\"><\/span>Google hacking<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn Google Hacking, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u sai v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef n\u00e0y. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Google Hacking kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Google m\u00e0 l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i trong m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 URL c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t website.<\/p>\n<p>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm n\u00e2ng cao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 truy v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Google Hacking th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf qua. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb khai th\u00e1c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-phong-ngua-lo-hong-bao-mat-hieu-qua-trong-doanh-nghiep\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch ph\u00f2ng ng\u1eeba l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c r\u1ee7i ro xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, doanh nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng lu\u00f4n \u1edf phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t nh\u1eb1m k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt v\u1eeba \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c \u0111a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 (MFA)<\/strong>: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng MFA cho t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, gi\u1ea3m nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp khi th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp b\u1ecb r\u00f2 r\u1ec9.<\/li>\n<li><strong>R\u00e0 so\u00e1t v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean<\/strong>: Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea5p quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/phan-quyen-authorization-la-gi\/\">ph\u00e2n quy\u1ec1n<\/a> theo vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p.<\/li>\n<li><strong>X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u an to\u00e0n<\/strong>: Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p cao v\u00e0 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u theo chu k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb d\u00f2 \u0111o\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng<\/strong>: S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ch\u1ed1ng m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (IDS) \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i.<\/li>\n<li><strong>N\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c an ninh m\u1ea1ng cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean<\/strong>: T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn, c\u00e1ch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n r\u1ee7i ro v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt theo chu k\u1ef3<\/strong>: Th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng ti\u1ec1m \u1ea9n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp quy tr\u00ecnh sao l\u01b0u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/strong>: \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch sao l\u01b0u t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u01b0u tr\u1eef d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed an to\u00e0n, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c khi x\u1ea3y ra s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda s\u1edbm<\/strong>: Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, gi\u00fap doanh nghi\u1ec7p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nhanh v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec, c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean qu\u00e9t l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m th\u1eed x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c s\u1edbm c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>Hy v\u1ecdng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a <strong>InterData<\/strong>, b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh m\u1ea1ng. H\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 lu\u00f4n an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 g\u00ec? L\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u t\u00e2m, hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m y\u1ebfu trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u1eb7c website c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khai th\u00e1c, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":39124,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[58],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-18105","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-server"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18105","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/11"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=18105"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18105\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39128,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/18105\/revisions\/39128"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/39124"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=18105"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=18105"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=18105"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}