{"id":16765,"date":"2024-08-29T10:18:32","date_gmt":"2024-08-29T03:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=16765"},"modified":"2024-11-08T14:29:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-08T07:29:07","slug":"modsecurity-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec? T\u00ednh n\u0103ng, vai tr\u00f2, c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-application-la-gi\/\">\u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web<\/a> kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ModSecurity. V\u1eady\u00a0<\/span><strong>ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><span><strong>?<\/strong> B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ModSecurity, nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_84 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#ModSecurity-la-gi\" >ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Nhung-tinh-nang-cua-ModSecurity\" >Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-ModSecurity\" >C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity-tren-cPanel\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity tr\u00ean cPanel<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity-tren-DirectAdmin\" >H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity tr\u00ean DirectAdmin<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Cac-quy-tac-rules-pho-bien-trong-ModSecurity\" >C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc (rules) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ModSecurity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Kha-nang-tuong-thich-cua-ModSecurity\" >Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Kiem-tra-Firewall\" >Ki\u1ec3m tra Firewall<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/modsecurity-la-gi\/#Co-nen-su-dung-ModSecurity-khong\" >C\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"ModSecurity-la-gi\"><\/span>ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ModSecurity, c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Modsec, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tuong-lua-firewall\/\">t\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda<\/a> \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web (WAF) <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/open-source-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n m\u1edf<\/a>. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4-\u0111un cho <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/may-chu-server-la-gi\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/apache-la-gi\/\">Apache<\/a> HTTP, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u giao th\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n v\u0103n b\u1ea3n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16786\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16786\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/modsecurity-la-gi.webp\" alt=\"ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\" width=\"900\" height=\"561\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16786\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/modsecurity-la-gi.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/modsecurity-la-gi-300x187.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/modsecurity-la-gi-768x479.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/modsecurity-la-gi-750x468.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16786\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau nh\u01b0 m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Apache HTTP, Microsoft IIS v\u00e0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/nginx-la-gi\/\">Nginx<\/a>. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh theo gi\u1ea5y ph\u00e9p Apache 2.0.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung-tinh-nang-cua-ModSecurity\"><\/span>Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ModSecurity l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t firewall \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web (WAF) <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/source-code-la-gi\/\">m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n<\/a> m\u1edf, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ModSecurity:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng<\/strong>: ModSecurity s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc (rule sets) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/structured-query-language-sql-la-gi\/\">SQL<\/a> injection, Cross-Site Scripting (<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-xss-la-gi\/\">XSS<\/a>), Local File Inclusion (LFI), v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd, ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eb7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 l\u1ecdc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP<\/strong>: ModSecurity c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ecdc v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng an to\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/li>\n<li><strong>B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DoS\/DDoS<\/strong>: ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh vi b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ghi log v\u00e0 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t<\/strong>: ModSecurity cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ghi log chi ti\u1ebft c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP, gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean theo d\u00f5i v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1edd tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7. C\u00e1c log n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng cho m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111i\u1ec1u tra sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc<\/strong>: ModSecurity cho ph\u00e9p qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/owasp-owasp-top-10-la-gi\/\">OWASP<\/a> ModSecurity <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/nhan-cpu-la-gi\/\">Core<\/a> Rule Set (CRS) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/lo-hong-bao-mat-la-gi\/\">l\u1ed7 h\u1ed5ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt<\/a> th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc<\/strong>: ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 &#8220;learning mode&#8221; (ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc), n\u01a1i n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, gi\u00fap qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean tinh ch\u1ec9nh quy t\u1eafc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5.<\/li>\n<li><strong>H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng<\/strong>: ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/web-server\/\">m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 web<\/a> ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Apache, Nginx, v\u00e0 IIS, gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng tr\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ednh n\u0103ng anti-evasion<\/strong>: ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c hacker \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0m cho ModSecurity tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda an ninh ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 n\u00e2ng cao m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-thuc-hoat-dong-cua-ModSecurity\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ModSecurity ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp (IDPS) cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web. N\u00f3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u HTTP\/HTTPS \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb web server \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c vi ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00ednh sau:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t lu\u1ed3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u HTTP\/HTTPS:<\/strong> ModSecurity theo d\u00f5i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i HTTP\/HTTPS \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111i t\u1eeb web server.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/strong> ModSecurity ph\u00e2n t\u00edch n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c nguy c\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc:<\/strong> C\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh s\u1eb5n. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng:<\/strong> N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi ph\u1ea1m m\u1ed9t quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, ModSecurity s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 ghi nh\u1eadt k\u00fd, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ho\u1eb7c ch\u1eb7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16783\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16783\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-modsecurity.webp\" alt=\"C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity\" width=\"900\" height=\"360\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16783\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-modsecurity.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-modsecurity-300x120.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-modsecurity-768x307.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/cach-thuc-hoat-dong-modsecurity-750x300.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16783\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">C\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tan-cong-sql-injection-la-gi\/\">SQL Injection<\/a>, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Remote File Inclusion, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c. N\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1eabu:<\/strong> So s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1eabu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n<li><strong>D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng:<\/strong> Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng so v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ModSecurity ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc. C\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh theo nhu c\u1ea7u b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.<\/p>\n<p>Nh\u00ecn chung, ModSecurity cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quan tr\u1ecdng cho c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tinh vi. Tuy nhi\u00ean, vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ModSecurity \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity-tren-cPanel\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity tr\u00ean cPanel<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh ModSecurity, b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u00f4-\u0111un n\u00e0y v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 Apache c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng EasyApache \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn ModSecurity trong danh s\u00e1ch m\u00f4-\u0111un tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh.<\/p>\n<p>Ngo\u00e0i ra, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp root v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft tr\u00ean <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpanel\/\">cPanel<\/a> th\u00f4ng qua EasyApache 4.<\/p>\n<p><code>{{EJS0}}<\/code><\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ModSecurity.<\/p>\n<p>Khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00eam c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/whm-la-gi\/\">WHM<\/a> theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn: <strong>Home &gt;&gt; Security Center &gt;&gt; ModSecurity\u2122 Vendors<\/strong>. B\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc OWASP \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong cPanel, nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam ch\u00fang v\u00e0o WHM. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Huong-dan-cai-dat-ModSecurity-tren-DirectAdmin\"><\/span>H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity tr\u00ean DirectAdmin<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>ModSecurity cho <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/directadmin-la-gi\/\">DirectAdmin<\/a> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00f4ng qua <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cli-command-line-interface\/\">Command Line Interface<\/a> (CLI) b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Custombuild. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 DirectAdmin v\u00e0 Custombuild.DirectAdmin h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 hai b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ch\u00ednh: OWASP v\u00e0 Comodo. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc Comodo.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 1: \u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean, h\u00e3y \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 DirectAdmin v\u1edbi t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n root v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ec7nh sau:<\/p>\n<p><code>{{EJS1}}<\/code><\/p>\n<p>L\u1ec7nh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ModSecurity tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp DirectAdmin.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 2: Truy c\u1eadp ModSecurity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Sau khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o DirectAdmin v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o\u00a0Server Manager &gt;&gt; ModSecurity\u00a0(<a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/giao-thuc-https-la-gi\/\">https<\/a>:\/\/hostname:2222\/admin\/modsecurity).<\/p>\n<p><strong>B\u01b0\u1edbc 3: Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ModSecurity<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd ModSecurity, ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c nh\u1eadt k\u00fd, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c v\u1ee5 qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n cho \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cac-quy-tac-rules-pho-bien-trong-ModSecurity\"><\/span>C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc (rules) ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong ModSecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>ModSecurity s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc (rules) \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch v\u00e0 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u HTTP nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ModSecurity:<\/p>\n<p><strong>OWASP Core Rule Set (CRS):<\/strong> l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ModSecurity. N\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1edfi OWASP v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 SQL Injection, Cross-Site Scripting (XSS), Local File Inclusion (LFI), Remote File Inclusion (RFI), v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dos-attack-la-gi\/\">DoS<\/a> (Denial of Service). CRS li\u00ean t\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16788\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16788\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/owasp.webp\" alt=\"OWASP Core Rule Set\" width=\"900\" height=\"511\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16788\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/owasp.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/owasp-300x170.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/owasp-768x436.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/owasp-750x426.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16788\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">OWASP Core Rule Set<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Rule ch\u1ed1ng SQL Injection:<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t, v\u00e0 ModSecurity c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/tham-so-parameter-la-gi\/\">tham s\u1ed1<\/a> \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o c\u1ee7a URL ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u form \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/string-la-gi\/\">chu\u1ed7i k\u00fd t\u1ef1<\/a> nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 <code>' OR 1=1<\/code> ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c c\u00fa ph\u00e1p SQL \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rule ch\u1ed1ng Cross-Site Scripting (XSS):<\/strong>\u00a0l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00e8n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/javascript-la-gi\/\">JavaScript<\/a> \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/page-la-gi\/\">trang web<\/a>, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 n\u00e0y tr\u00ean tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng. ModSecurity c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e3 nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng ho\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/html-la-gi\/\">HTML<\/a>.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16789\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16789\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/xss.webp\" alt=\"XSS\" width=\"900\" height=\"473\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16789\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/xss.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/xss-300x158.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/xss-768x404.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/xss-750x394.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16789\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">XSS<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Rule ch\u1ed1ng Remote File Inclusion (RFI) v\u00e0 Local File Inclusion (LFI): <\/strong>C\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng <strong>RFI<\/strong> v\u00e0 <strong>LFI<\/strong> l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c file t\u1eeb xa ho\u1eb7c c\u1ee5c b\u1ed9 trong \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c thi m\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. ModSecurity c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c file kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c tham s\u1ed1 URL ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn file.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rule ch\u1ed1ng Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF): <\/strong>l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t trang web m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c. ModSecurity c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng CSRF, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n kh\u00f4ng tin c\u1eady ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu c\u00e1c token b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16784\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16784\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/CSRF.webp\" alt=\"CSRF\" width=\"900\" height=\"506\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16784\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/CSRF.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/CSRF-300x169.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/CSRF-768x432.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/CSRF-750x422.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16784\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">CSRF<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Rule ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DoS (Denial of Service): <\/strong>ModSecurity c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng DoS, th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dia-chi-ip-la-gi\/\">\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP<\/a> trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c m\u1eabu y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rule ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o: <\/strong>ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n mong \u0111\u1ee3i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean vi\u1ec7c khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Rule t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh: <\/strong>Ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng ho\u1eb7c m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. C\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c m\u1eabu k\u00fd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, ho\u1eb7c th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c th\u00f9.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kha-nang-tuong-thich-cua-ModSecurity\"><\/span>Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch v\u1edbi mod_ruid2. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 quy t\u1eafc n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ModSecurity y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u01b0u tr\u1eef gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o t\u1ec7p s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi mod_ruid2 do v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ec1n truy c\u1eadp t\u1ec7p, quy\u1ec1n s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh Apache. T\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi mpm-itk.<\/p>\n<p>N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn li\u1ec7u b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/file-storage-la-gi\/\">l\u01b0u tr\u1eef t\u1ec7p<\/a> hay kh\u00f4ng, h\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng mod_ruid2 ho\u1eb7c mpm-itk.<\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_16785\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-16785\" style=\"width: 900px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity.webp\" alt=\"Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ModSecurity\" width=\"900\" height=\"447\" class=\"size-full wp-image-16785\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity.webp 900w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity-300x149.webp 300w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity-768x381.webp 768w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity-360x180.webp 360w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/kha-nang-tuong-thich-modsecurity-750x373.webp 750w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 900px) 100vw, 900px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-16785\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch c\u1ee7a ModSecurity<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Kiem-tra-Firewall\"><\/span>Ki\u1ec3m tra Firewall<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>N\u1ebfu m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ConfigServer Security &amp; Firewall, h\u00e3y x\u00e1c minh xem t\u00ednh n\u0103ng LF_MODSEC c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh hay kh\u00f4ng. Khi t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t quy t\u1eafc ModSecurity trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi Firewall.<\/p>\n<p>Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng ModSecurity \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch tr\u00ean m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng LF_MODSEC. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng truy c\u1eadp v\u00e0o trang web c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb ch\u1eb7n b\u1edfi Firewall.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co-nen-su-dung-ModSecurity-khong\"><\/span>C\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec3n khai ModSecurity, b\u1ea1n n\u00ean tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi &#8220;C\u00f3 n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity kh\u00f4ng?&#8221; ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 quy t\u1eafc ModSecurity kh\u00f4ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a trang web, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu trang web c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/post-la-gi\/\">POST<\/a> t\u00f9y ch\u1ec9nh, ModSecurity c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i, v\u00ec v\u1eady b\u1ea1n n\u00ean c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00f3i chung, vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ModSecurity ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u00e0y. H\u00e3y tham kh\u1ea3o \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ki\u1ec3m tra k\u1ef9 l\u01b0\u1ee1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi tri\u1ec3n khai ModSecurity tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<p><span>ModSecurity l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nguy hi\u1ec3m. V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch cao, ModSecurity x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 doanh nghi\u1ec7p n\u00e0o. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5\u00a0<\/span><strong>ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec<\/strong><span>\u00a0v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt cho trang web c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o d\u1ef1ng l\u00f2ng tin v\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>InterData.vn mang \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao nh\u01b0:<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/vietnam-dedicated-server\/\">thu\u00ea Server<\/a>,<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/cloud-server\/\">thu\u00ea Cloud Server<\/a>,<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-vps\/\">thu\u00ea VPS<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>v\u00e0<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/thue-hosting\/\">thu\u00ea Hosting<\/a>. V\u1edbi h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ed9 vi x\u1eed l\u00fd<span>\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/cpu-amd-epyc-la-gi\/\">AMD EPYC<\/a><span>\u00a0<\/span>Gen3 c\u00f9ng NVMe U.2, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 truy xu\u1ea5t d\u1eef li\u1ec7u nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3i nghi\u1ec7m d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/uptime-la-gi\/\">uptime<\/a> l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn 99.99% v\u00e0 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt 24\/7\/365.<\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i qua <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/website-la-gi\/\">website<\/a> ho\u1eb7c hotline 1900.636822 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn g\u00f3i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt gi\u00fap b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng web kh\u1ecfi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 ModSecurity. V\u1eady\u00a0ModSecurity l\u00e0 g\u00ec? B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ModSecurity, nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh n\u0103ng n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":16787,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16765","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-hosting"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16765","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=16765"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16765\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/16787"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=16765"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=16765"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=16765"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}