{"id":10215,"date":"2025-06-26T11:40:26","date_gmt":"2025-06-26T04:40:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/?p=10215"},"modified":"2025-06-26T12:21:06","modified_gmt":"2025-06-26T05:21:06","slug":"dhcp-la-gi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/","title":{"rendered":"DHCP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 trong m\u1ea1ng m\u00e1y t\u00ednh"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_85 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-white ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">N\u1ed8I DUNG<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 eztoc-toggle-hide-by-default' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-la-gi\" >DHCP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\" >DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-gom-nhung-thanh-phan-nao\" >DHCP g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-Server\" >DHCP Server<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-Client\" >DHCP Client<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#IP-Lease-Lease-Time\" >IP Lease \/ Lease Time<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-va-Static-IP-khac-nhau-the-nao\" >DHCP v\u00e0 Static IP kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#DHCP-co-can-thiet-khong\" >DHCP c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#Mot-so-loi-thuong-gap-lien-quan-den-DHCP\" >M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn DHCP<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#Cach-cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-router\" >C\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean router<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/#Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-DHCP-FAQ\" >C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 DHCP (FAQ)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<p>B\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng Wi-Fi m\u1edbi v\u00e0 truy c\u1eadp internet ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i gi\u00e2y m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a? Ph\u00e9p m\u00e0u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1edd DHCP. Giao th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. Trong b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y, <a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/\">InterData<\/a> s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 DHCP, t\u1eeb kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-la-gi\"><\/span>DHCP l\u00e0 g\u00ec?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/dhcp-la-gi\/\">DHCP<\/a> (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong m\u1ea1ng. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, DHCP gi\u00fap \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP khi thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i.<\/p>\n<p>Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giao th\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ng cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 (DHCP Server) t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh m\u1ea1ng kh\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (Client) trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-30952\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP.jpg 750w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n l\u1edbn. M\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i (m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch. Thay v\u00ec m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb kh\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ed1ng, DHCP Server \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u1ec5 t\u00e2n th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i. Nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean n\u00e0y s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u00f2ng (\u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP) duy nh\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed7i kh\u00e1ch ngay khi h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 hai kh\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u1edf chung m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng.<\/p>\n<p>S\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a DHCP tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng khi quy m\u00f4 m\u1ea1ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean. Trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 10 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 100 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng cho t\u1eebng m\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 t\u1ed1n th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 d\u1ec5 x\u1ea3y ra sai s\u00f3t. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i g\u00f5 nh\u1ea7m IP c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. DHCP \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-hoat-dong-nhu-the-nao\"><\/span>DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a DHCP di\u1ec5n ra r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng, th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 trong mili gi\u00e2y, th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t quy tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp 4 b\u01b0\u1edbc g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 DORA. Quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/So-do-cach-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP.jpg\" alt=\"S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00e1ch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"240\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30957\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/So-do-cach-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/So-do-cach-hoat-dong-cua-DHCP-300x120.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>1. Discover (Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Khi m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi (Client) k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng, n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. V\u00ec v\u1eady, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi \u0111i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin &#8220;kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1&#8221; (DHCP Discover) d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 (broadcast) \u0111\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 m\u1ea1ng. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00ed nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi l\u1edbn: &#8220;C\u00f3 DHCP Server n\u00e0o \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP!&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2. Offer (\u0110\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c DHCP Server trong m\u1ea1ng khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i tin Discover s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed7i Server s\u1ebd ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u00f2n tr\u1ed1ng trong kho c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin &#8220;\u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb&#8221; (DHCP Offer) tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ebfn Client. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, Subnet Mask, Default Gateway v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian cho thu\u00ea IP.<\/p>\n<p><strong>3. Request (Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Client th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn g\u00f3i tin Offer \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 n\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Client ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin &#8220;y\u00eau c\u1ea7u&#8221; (DHCP Request) d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c DHCP Server r\u1eb1ng: &#8220;T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u1eeb Server A v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP X.Y.Z.W&#8221;.<\/p>\n<p><strong>4. Acknowledge (X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn)<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DHCP Server \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Client l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn s\u1ebd g\u1eedi l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3i tin &#8220;x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn&#8221; (DHCP Acknowledge &#8211; ACK) \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n t\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh. G\u00f3i tin n\u00e0y x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cho Client, k\u00e8m theo th\u1eddi gian thu\u00ea. C\u00e1c Server kh\u00e1c khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00f3i tin Request s\u1ebd hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0 thu h\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i IP \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-gom-nhung-thanh-phan-nao\"><\/span>DHCP g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 quy tr\u00ecnh DORA ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01a1n tru, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng DHCP c\u1ea7n ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau. M\u1ed7i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-02.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"270\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30954\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-02.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-02-300x135.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-Server\"><\/span>DHCP Server<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. DHCP Server l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng (nh\u01b0 router) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eafng nghe c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb Client. Ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Server l\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd m\u1ed9t kho (pool) c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t ch\u00fang cho c\u00e1c Client, v\u00e0 theo d\u00f5i th\u1eddi gian thu\u00ea c\u1ee7a t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng. Trong m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p s\u1eb5n trong modem ho\u1eb7c router Wi-Fi.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-Client\"><\/span>DHCP Client<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>DHCP Client l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng khi k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i ng\u00e0y nay, t\u1eeb m\u00e1y t\u00ednh, laptop, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i th\u00f4ng minh, m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ebfn smart TV v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb IoT (Internet of Things) nh\u01b0 b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n th\u00f4ng minh, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 DHCP Client theo m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ch\u00fang kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh giao ti\u1ebfp b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u1eedi g\u00f3i tin DHCP Discover.<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"IP-Lease-Lease-Time\"><\/span>IP Lease \/ Lease Time<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p>IP Lease (H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u00ea IP) l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cho m\u1ed9t Client trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Lease Time (Th\u1eddi gian thu\u00ea). Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i t\u1eeb v\u00e0i gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Server.<\/p>\n<p>Khi g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian thu\u00ea, Client s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i g\u1eedi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gia h\u1ea1n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gia h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c Client r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea1ng, \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu h\u1ed3i v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i kho \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf n\u00e0y gi\u00fap t\u00e1i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-va-Static-IP-khac-nhau-the-nao\"><\/span>DHCP v\u00e0 Static IP kh\u00e1c nhau th\u1ebf n\u00e0o?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>DHCP (IP \u0110\u1ed9ng) v\u00e0 Static IP (IP T\u0129nh) l\u00e0 hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP cho thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb. Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 trong m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n<p>\u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 h\u00ecnh dung, InterData \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng so s\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c quan:<\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse; color: black;\">\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"background-color: blue; color: white;\">\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Ti\u00eau ch\u00ed<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">DHCP (IP \u0110\u1ed9ng)<\/span><\/th>\n<th style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\"><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">Static IP (IP T\u0129nh)<\/span><\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody style=\"background-color: white;\">\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">C\u01a1 ch\u1ebf c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1edfi DHCP Server.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, t\u1eadp trung t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t n\u01a1i (Server).<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, ph\u1ea3i qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd tr\u00ean t\u1eebng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">\u0110\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xung \u0111\u1ed9t<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Th\u1ea5p, do Server qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1eadp trung.<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Cao, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 sai s\u00f3t trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">M\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, laptop&#8230;<\/td>\n<td style=\"border: 1px solid darkgray; padding: 8px;\">M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7, m\u00e1y in m\u1ea1ng, camera an ninh, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng.<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><strong>V\u1eady khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng DHCP v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean d\u00f9ng Static IP?<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng DHCP:<\/strong> Cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1i trong m\u1ea1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng, m\u1ea1ng Wi-Fi c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u v\u00ec s\u1ef1 ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Static IP:<\/strong> Cho c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n g\u00e1n IP t\u0129nh cho m\u00e1y in \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y v\u00e0 in \u1ea5n.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"DHCP-co-can-thiet-khong\"><\/span>DHCP c\u00f3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng?<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 <strong>c\u00f3, c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft<\/strong> trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. L\u1ee3i \u00edch m\u00e0 DHCP mang l\u1ea1i v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng phi\u1ec1n ph\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd IP th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. Trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 10 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Wi-Fi, DHCP gi\u00fap m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng li\u1ec1n m\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng can thi\u1ec7p.<\/p>\n<p>Trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng doanh nghi\u1ec7p, n\u01a1i s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ho\u1eb7c h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn, DHCP l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng. N\u00f3 gi\u00fap ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m h\u00e0ng gi\u1edd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u t\u1ed1i \u0111a c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e9p m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch linh ho\u1ea1t.<\/p>\n<p>Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc t\u1eaft DHCP tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb (v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 router). T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 khi trong m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t DHCP Server kh\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1n \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea1y hai DHCP Server tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 l\u00e0m h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sai.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-01.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"247\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30953\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-01.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-01-300x124.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Mot-so-loi-thuong-gap-lien-quan-den-DHCP\"><\/span>M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn DHCP<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>D\u00f9 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady, \u0111\u00f4i khi DHCP c\u0169ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ed7i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n m\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (Limited Connectivity):<\/strong> Bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 d\u1ea5u ch\u1ea5m than m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi DHCP Server. C\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 router\/modem c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (IP Conflict):<\/strong> L\u1ed7i n\u00e0y x\u1ea3y ra khi hai thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng b\u1ecb g\u00e1n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 do m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00e1n IP t\u0129nh tr\u00f9ng v\u1edbi d\u1ea3i IP \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DHCP. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb d\u00f9ng IP t\u0129nh ho\u1eb7c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i router \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t l\u1ea1i IP.<\/li>\n<li><strong>L\u1ed7i &#8220;DHCP is not enabled for WiFi\/Ethernet&#8221;:<\/strong> Th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o n\u00e0y cho bi\u1ebft m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng IP t\u0129nh nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin IP n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadp. B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ea1ng tr\u00ean m\u00e1y t\u00ednh v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 &#8220;Use the following IP address&#8221; sang &#8220;Obtain an IP address automatically&#8221;.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-03.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"367\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30955\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-03.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-03-300x184.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach-cau-hinh-DHCP-tren-router\"><\/span>C\u00e1ch c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh DHCP tr\u00ean router<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p>H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c router gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng DHCP \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eadt s\u1eb5n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u1ea7n ki\u1ec3m tra ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m theo c\u00e1c b\u01b0\u1edbc chung sau:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>T\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a Router:<\/strong> M\u1edf Command Prompt (tr\u00ean Windows) v\u00e0 g\u00f5 l\u1ec7nh <code>ipconfig<\/code>. T\u00ecm d\u00f2ng &#8220;Default Gateway&#8221;, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP c\u1ee7a router (th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 <code>192.168.1.1<\/code> ho\u1eb7c <code>192.168.0.1<\/code>).<\/li>\n<li><strong>\u0110\u0103ng nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o Router:<\/strong> M\u1edf tr\u00ecnh duy\u1ec7t web v\u00e0 nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP v\u1eeba t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o thanh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9. B\u1ea1n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u1eadp t\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 m\u1eadt kh\u1ea9u (th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in \u1edf m\u1eb7t sau c\u1ee7a router).<\/li>\n<li><strong>T\u00ecm c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t DHCP:<\/strong> Sau khi \u0111\u0103ng nh\u1eadp, h\u00e3y t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c c\u00f3 t\u00ean &#8220;LAN&#8221;, &#8220;Network Settings&#8221;, ho\u1eb7c &#8220;DHCP Server&#8221;.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Ki\u1ec3m tra v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh:<\/strong> T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y DHCP \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i B\u1eadt (Enabled) hay T\u1eaft (Disabled). B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem ho\u1eb7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP m\u00e0 router s\u1ebd c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t (Start IP Address v\u00e0 End IP Address).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-04.jpg\" alt=\"DHCP\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-30956\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-04.jpg 600w, https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/08\/DHCP-04-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cau-hoi-thuong-gap-ve-DHCP-FAQ\"><\/span>C\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p v\u1ec1 DHCP (FAQ)<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong>DHCP l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a g\u00ec?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DHCP l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, hay Giao th\u1ee9c C\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh M\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ed9ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf t\u1ea7ng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>DHCP ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf T\u1ea7ng \u1ee8ng d\u1ee5ng (Application Layer &#8211; T\u1ea7ng 7) c\u1ee7a m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh OSI. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 n\u00f3 x\u1eed l\u00fd vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 IP (thu\u1ed9c T\u1ea7ng M\u1ea1ng &#8211; Network Layer), b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p giao ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa Client v\u00e0 Server l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DHCP c\u00f3 b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n giao th\u1ee9c DHCP nguy\u00ean b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh. N\u00f3 d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1edfi c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 &#8220;DHCP Spoofing&#8221; (gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o Server) ho\u1eb7c &#8220;DHCP Starvation&#8221; (l\u00e0m c\u1ea1n ki\u1ec7t kho IP). \u0110\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng an ninh, c\u00e1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean m\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c t\u00ednh n\u0103ng b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ean switch nh\u01b0 DHCP Snooping.<\/p>\n<p><strong>DHCP c\u00f3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho IPv6 kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>C\u00f3. Phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n DHCP d\u00e0nh cho giao th\u1ee9c IPv6 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 <strong>DHCPv6<\/strong>. Trong m\u1ea1ng IPv6, c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng qua DHCPv6 ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 SLAAC (Stateless Address Autoconfiguration).<\/p>\n<p><strong>C\u00f3 n\u00ean t\u1eaft DHCP tr\u00ean modem kh\u00f4ng?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>B\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean t\u1eaft DHCP tr\u00ean modem n\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb kh\u00e1c trong m\u1ea1ng (nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t router cao c\u1ea5p ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 chuy\u00ean d\u1ee5ng) \u0111ang \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 DHCP Server. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, vi\u1ec7c t\u1eaft DHCP s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb m\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>DHCP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u01afu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m hay c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a DHCP ra sao? Hay c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a DHCP l\u00e0 g\u00ec? C\u00f9ng Interdata.vn t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":30952,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[151],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10215","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-mang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10215","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10215"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10215\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30950,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10215\/revisions\/30950"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30952"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10215"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10215"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/interdata.vn\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10215"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}